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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Marginality of economic and social rights 2016, para. 25 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In the light of what appears to be the relatively common State practice of not giving explicit legislative recognition to individual economic and social rights, the most important question is whether legislation, or an equivalent form of legal instrument, can be dispensed with altogether by a State that claims to be fulfilling its obligations through other means. In practice, the argument will usually be that legislation has been adopted in relation to the issue or sector in question, and it is unnecessary for any reference to be made in that legislation to the relevant human right. In other words, to take the example of the right to food, the argument would be that it is sufficient that there is legislation in place that addresses food safety or food security, even though it reflects no explicit rights dimension. Or, in the case of the right to education, laws dealing with the establishment of educational institutions are considered sufficient, even if there is no acknowledgement that education is a human right. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
The UN responsibility for the cholera outbreak in Haiti 2016, para. 35 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Second, the duties owed by the United Nations are directly analogous to those owed by a company or private property owner to ensure adequate waste management and to take adequate precautions to prevent spreading diseases. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 48 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | A well-placed tax threshold (namely, the income below which an individual or household is exempted from income tax) is also crucial for ensuring that the taxation system does not jeopardize the ability of people living in poverty to enjoy minimum essential levels of economic, social and cultural rights. Unfortunately, in some countries, households are required to pay tax before they earn enough to even meet minimum food basket requirements. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 54 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The recurrent crises have taken an extremely harsh toll on the access of those living in poverty to food and nutrition, and limited food subsidies may be a blow that many are unable to bear. Policies that limit or eliminate food subsidies would seriously threaten the ability of States to ensure minimum levels of enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights, particularly for the most vulnerable. These policies may also undermine other efforts to address the effects of the crises through, for example, investments in social protection systems. Higher food costs can have an adverse impact on social protection systems as a result of real losses in the value of cash transfers or income received through social protection. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 33 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The above-mentioned groups have suffered and continue to suffer the cumulative effects of previous crises and are in an increasingly weak and vulnerable situation. They have exhausted their coping mechanisms, such as eating fewer meals, cutting health expenditures, taking their children out of school and increasing working hours in the informal sector, and are left with very limited capacity for resilience. Their situation is further compounded by the current spike in food prices, which is forcing those living in poverty to buy even less expensive and less nutritious food. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 53 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In recent years, food subsidies have become a common means of ameliorating the devastating effects of food scarcity and rising commodity prices on those living in poverty. The reduction of taxation on or subsidization of staple foods is aimed at providing immediate relief to those experiencing the most pressing forms of food insecurity. By providing access to a basic form of food security, food subsidies can limit the prevalence of hunger, increase consumption and improve nutrition in recipient households. Food subsidies also contribute to ensuring price stabilization and thus create greater food access for all. To this extent, they are one way in which States can ensure that they meet their obligations regarding the right to an adequate standard of living, including the right to food. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 59 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Increasing inequalities and food insecurity, the declining availability of natural resources and unpredictable changes to climate patterns are likely to increase the potential for social unrest throughout the world. Any recovery plan must anticipate these challenges and assume that there will be many more crises to recover from. What is needed, therefore, is human rights-based change that directly addresses the long-term structural barriers to equality and sets the foundations for a sustainable, socially inclusive society. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 62 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Reducing poverty and promoting social inclusion require not only comprehensive national strategies but also international collective action to ensure equitable international regulatory measures and international assistance and cooperation. Particularly pressing is the need to address widespread food insecurity and rising food prices. Strategies that support rural development, promote sustainable food production and reduce volatility in commodity markets must be a priority for States at both the national and international levels. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 85 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Enhancing regulation requires States to take collective action and to provide international assistance and cooperation (see paragraphs 94-99 below). It is critically important that States reach a consensus on regulatory actions to improve the functioning and transparency of financial commodity markets in order to curb financial speculation and excessive commodity price volatility, which directly affect the enjoyment of the right to food by those living in poverty. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 88 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The sheer surprise with which the most recent crises took the international community is telling not only of the rapidity of transmission of the crises, but of the inability of States to predict and prepare for shocks and to understand the multiple dimensions of poverty. In order to better inform policy debates on how best to prioritize the human rights of the most vulnerable and disadvantaged, States need to be able to identify them more accurately and efficiently and to assess their needs. To this end, States should work towards creating mechanisms that provide better information about the incidence and substance of deprivation and inequality. This includes instituting means of gathering larger quantities of better quality disaggregated data on the impact of the crises and of recovery policies. Data should be disaggregated according to several dimensions, such as gender, age, geographical location, ethnicity and health status. It is also crucial that, in the face of rising food prices, States monitor in a timely manner the development of local food prices in order to ensure prompt and appropriate policy responses. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 52 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | A considerable proportion of States has indicated that they plan to limit or eliminate food subsidies as part of their response to the crises. From a human rights perspective, the decision to limit food subsidies at a time when food prices are escalating drastically and there is still a pressing need for public food and nutrition support is extremely worrying. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
The importance of social protection measures in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2010, para. 20 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Numerous studies demonstrate that specific cash transfer programmes have been effective in working towards target 2 of the Millennium Development Goals: halving the number of persons suffering from hunger by 2015. For example, the Productive Safety Net Programme in Ethiopia, the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in India, the initiative "Challenging the Frontiers of Poverty Reduction: Targeting the Ultra-Poor" in Bangladesh and the Kalomo District Pilot Social Cash Transfer Scheme in Zambia have all improved nutritional levels. In a wide range of programmes and countries, there is strong evidence of a direct link between income supplementation and food consumption among beneficiary households. A number of countries have noted the possible role of school meal programmes and the distribution of food baskets in the achievement of significant gains towards the fulfilment of target 2. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 |
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