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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Access to justice for people living in poverty 2012, para. 96 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States should:] Ensure that serious crimes, including gender-based crimes or sexual violence, are dealt with within the formal justice system | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
The World Bank and human rights 2015, para. 31 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The systematic avoidance of human rights language, frameworks and institutions in the context of Bank projects on gender-based violence is replicated in most other areas of its activities, although there have been some exceptions over past decades in areas such as HIV/AIDS and some gender-related projects. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 106 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In order to uphold their right to participation, tackle gender stereotypes and create an enabling environment for the more equal sharing of unpaid care work, States must take concerted action to meaningfully empower unpaid caregivers. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 73 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In line with the human rights approach, all policies must be participatory in their design and implementation, provide for accountability and redress mechanisms and be based on the objective to meaningfully empower women socially, politically and economically. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
The importance of social protection measures in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2010, para. 65 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In order to ensure that women's rights are fully respected, social protection programmes must be accompanied by gender-sensitive social services, including sexual and reproductive health care. This requires investment in public services, without which social protection programmes will not be effective. Women and girls, for example, may be prevented from meeting conditionalities imposed by a programme if social services are far away and transportation costs are too high, or if they fear being sexually assaulted while making the trip required. Girls may not attend school if there are no separate sanitation facilities for them or if they are harassed by teachers or other students. Mothers may not bring their children to the hospital owing to discriminatory practices on the part of health-care providers (for example, requesting the consent of the husband) or communication difficulties (for example, women might be expected to demonstrate some form of literacy or might not be able to communicate in their minority language). In the same vein, women may choose not to use clinics for child delivery because of a lack of skilled birth attendants or culturally appropriate birthing methods. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
The importance of social protection measures in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2010, para. 48 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In the sections below, the independent expert describes some of the key issues to be considered in ensuring that social protection policies properly address gender inequalities. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Marginality of economic and social rights 2016, para. 56 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | One of the most encouraging developments in recent years in relation to economic and social rights has been the growth of specialist NGOs at the international, national and, especially, local levels working to promote either economic and social rights in general or specific rights such as those relating to health, housing, education, water, gender equality, disability and ageing. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Extreme inequality and human rights 2015, para. 11 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has developed several indicators that measure social and horizontal inequalities. An inequality-adjusted human development index, calculated for 145 countries, indicates how achievements in the areas of health, education and income are distributed among a population. UNDP also publishes the coefficient of human inequality, which is a calculation of average inequality across the three dimensions mentioned above. UNDP further measures gender inequality in its gender inequality index. Looking at these different indices, which are not always as intuitive as the income indices described above, it becomes clear that many countries do not even come close to the levels of equality in terms of health, education and gender that exist in the more egalitarian countries. Where Norway had an inequality-adjusted human development index value of 0.891 in 2013, indicating a high level of equality in comparison with other countries, the figures in countries such as the United States (0.755), the Russian Federation (0.685), Chile (0.661), India (0.418) and the Central African Republic (0.203) are much lower. The gender-related development index (female to male ratio of the human development index) ranges from very high levels of equality between men and women in Norway (0.997) to a very high level of gender inequality in Afghanistan (0.602). | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
The World Bank and human rights 2015, para. 30 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Special Rapporteur analysed 13 projects on gender-based violence that are part of a major Bank initiative on the issue and were approved between January 2012 and June 2015. None of the relevant project documents engages substantively with the human rights dimensions of gender-based violence. Passing references can be found to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women or the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, but no analysis of the relevant rights and obligations is provided and the provisions are not linked to the project at hand. In fact, even the generic terms "human rights" and "rights" are rarely used and when they are, no elaboration is provided. The intended project beneficiaries are presented not as rights holders, but as clients or service recipients. The borrowing State bears contractual responsibilities towards the Bank, but no reference is made to its international or domestic human rights obligations. No reference is made to responsibility for gender-based violence by State actors, such as police or health-care workers, despite the frequency of such problems, and no reliance is ever placed upon the detailed human rights-based frameworks for tackling gender-based violence drawn up by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and various other international human rights actors, despite the fact that the Convention has been almost universally ratified. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
The World Bank and human rights 2015, para. 29 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Despite the powerful arguments marshalled in Bank publications for acknowledging the links between human rights and various development objectives, Bank-financed projects and programmes go to great lengths to avoid any operational references to human rights. One case study out of many must suffice. It concerns gender-based violence, a phenomenon that is universally recognized as violating human rights. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
The right to participation of people living in poverty 2013, para. 86c (iv) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In order to comply with their human rights obligations regarding the right to participation, the Special Rapporteur recommends States undertake the following actions:] Equality and non-discrimination: Design participatory mechanisms, taking into account the inequalities and asymmetries of power in a given context, and take all necessary measures to counteract them, including through affirmative action. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 95 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | For the poorest women, accessible, gender-sensitive public services are the most direct and effective way to redistribute their heavy unpaid care workload and reduce its drudgery and intensity. This can have a direct impact on their enjoyment of human rights, and the rights of those they care for. In many contexts, the provision of such services is a matter of great urgency. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 91 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States should also take account of unpaid care work in development planning and programming, including in the post-2015 development agenda. Any goals, indicators and targets adopted should reflect an awareness of the intensity and distribution of unpaid care work and its impact on women's human rights and opportunities for human development. To this end, equality in access to public services should constitute a central goal. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 88 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | All social protection programmes, including employment guarantee programmes, must be participatory, gender-sensitive and accessible to women with care responsibilities. Information regarding social protection programmes and eligibility must reach women living in poverty working in the home, through locally adapted and gender-sensitive communication strategies. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 79 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Lack of timely, reliable and comparable sex-disaggregated data on women's unpaid care work is a major obstacle to evidence-based gender-sensitive policymaking, leading to negative outcomes for those who perform significant amounts of unpaid work. States should therefore conduct regular time-use surveys, with a view to recognizing, reducing and redistributing unpaid care work. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 60 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Lack of women's perspective in policymaking on agriculture, water and food management, despite their being key actors in these areas, results in misinformed decision-making and jeopardizes women's rights further. Similarly, policy discussions at all levels suffer from an inherent bias because women and men with intensive caring responsibilities are not present, contributing to the invisibility and inattention to care work in public policy. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 59 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | One of the most significant factors inhibiting women's capacity to participate in public life is men's failure to share unpaid care work, and the lack of services supporting this work. Intense and unequal care responsibilities often confine women to the domestic sphere, excluding them from paid work and public life and preventing them from participating in important decision-making processes at the community and national level. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 58 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Owing to systematic gender inequality and discrimination, the lack of value assigned to their work, its location in the domestic sphere and the time it entails, unpaid caregivers are often chronically disempowered and unable to enjoy their right to participation in cultural, social, political and economic life (see A/HRC/23/36). | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 55 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Because unpaid care work is unrecognized and undervalued, Governments rarely make investments in the development and distribution of affordable technology that could significantly reduce the intensity and duration of women's work within the home. Lack of access to such technologies undermines women's well-being and reduces the time they can allocate to the more interactive part of care that would better improve the well-being of care recipients. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 50 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Even those women who are able to combine unpaid care work with formal jobs are disadvantaged; their work histories and social security contributions are more likely than those of men to be interrupted by periods of full-time caregiving, and therefore they are less likely to receive an adequate pension on retirement. Thus, the gendered division of unpaid care work is one of the key reasons why older women are more likely to live in poverty than their male counterparts. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 39 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Unpaid care work can also compromise the enjoyment of the right of girls and women to education. Entrenched gender stereotypes about the place of women in the home and the family, and the unpaid care work girls and women are expected to perform throughout their lives, often deprive women and girls of time, autonomy and choice to exercise this right. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 30 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Unpaid care is often a determining factor in women's decisions or opportunities regarding work. Studies show that time devoted to unpaid care work is a major obstacle to women taking on paid employment or starting an income-generating activity outside the home. In Latin America and the Caribbean, over half of women surveyed aged 20 to 24 did not seek outside employment because of unpaid responsibilities; the number of women in this group was in fact higher than the number in the education system. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 19 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States' neglecting or failing to address women's disproportionate unpaid care workload can be seen as a major failure to comply with the obligations regarding equality and non-discrimination which are the pillars of international human rights law. States must take all necessary measures to ensure that unpaid care work does not have a disproportionate impact on women's enjoyment of rights, and create the conditions to ensure that it is undertaken on a basis of equality between men and women. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 13 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The unequal distribution of unpaid care work is highly reflective and determinative of power relations between women and men. Discriminatory gender stereotypes, which construe women as second-class citizens whose place is in the home, cause and perpetuate this unequal distribution of work, rendering women's equal enjoyment of rights impossible. Addressing care responsibilities is thus an essential component of the obligations of States to ensure gender equality at home, work and in society more broadly. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 10 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The international human rights framework is further complemented by labour standards, in particular International Labour Organization (ILO) Conventions such as Convention No. 156 on workers with family responsibilities, Convention No. 183 on maternity protection, and Convention No. 189 concerning decent work for domestic workers. Compliance with all these obligations is essential in removing gender inequalities and discrimination and recognizing and redistributing unpaid care work. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Access to justice for people living in poverty 2012, para. 96 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States should:] Create integrated and specialized services to address women's access to justice and ensure more efficient handling of gender-related crimes, including, for example, domestic violence courts and one-stop shops for sexual violence survivors; such services must be accessible and affordable for women living in poverty | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Access to justice for people living in poverty 2012, para. 96 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States should:] Ensure that all forms of gender-based violence, including domestic violence, are criminalized and are subject to appropriate and enforceable criminal sanctions; develop specific strategies and systems to tackle gender-based violence perpetrated against persons living in poverty, including by providing shelter for victims of domestic violence | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Social protection and old age poverty 2010, para. 71 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Eligibility requirements for social pensions must be provided for in national law and mechanisms must be available to ensure the timely inclusion in the programmes. When adopting a universal scheme, States must put in place rolling registration systems to allow individuals to register as soon as they reach the age requirement. If the scheme is poverty-targeted, the qualifying conditions for benefits must be gender-sensitive, reasonable, objective and transparent. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Social protection and old age poverty 2010, para. 11 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The international community has committed itself to addressing the challenges associated with ageing in three documents: the Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing (1982), the United Nations Principles for Older Persons (1991) and the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (2002). These documents complement the existing human rights and labour standards which establish legally binding obligations upon States. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
The importance of social protection measures in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2010, para. 62 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In addition, States must determine whether the way in which a programme channels the transfer causes or perpetuates the unequal distribution of labour between the genders within the household. For example, a programme that increases the amount of time that a mother spends away from home may have a detrimental effect on girls' schooling if girls are then required to carry out the activities usually performed by the mother, such as cooking or collecting water. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 |