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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. 99j | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur invites all States to:] Establish and open more regular migration channels and ensure the protection of all human rights in employment. Residence permits should not be linked to an employer, thus enabling migrant workers to change employment in case of abuse; | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 69 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Care, recovery and reintegration programmes must address multiple aspects to ensure that children receive holistic and multidisciplinary support that leads to durable solutions. A comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programme should include the following components: (a) prompt identification of the victim; (b) outreach to victims and children in vulnerable situations; (c) prevention and information directed at different groups; (d) properly trained and dedicated staff; (e) multidisciplinary teams, partnerships and networks; (f) protection services; (g) repatriation and reintegration for migrant victims; (h) aftercare and long-term response; and (i) adequate support and assistance for caregivers. Programmes should include high-quality and accessible services that ensure the rights of child victims to health, shelter, education, legal aid and recreation. There are broader areas of support that are often overlooked but that contribute to recovery and reintegration, such as enabling children to engage with and access forms of support through religious and spiritual institutions and through cultural and traditional practices, working with parents and caregivers and conducting community sensitization. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 116 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The rights and protection needs of refugee and other displaced children must be carefully assessed and safeguarded before they are returned. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 76 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In some States, Government ministries are responsible for ongoing monitoring of children who were placed in short- or long-term alternative care as a result of being unaccompanied or separated. In Cyprus, depending on the context, this is most frequently undertaken by social service officers, however, coordination may take place with International Social Services, the Ministry of the Interior and the Migration Office. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 26 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | While some basic statistics are available on the number of people who are refugees or internally displaced, the majority of these can be attributed to armed conflicts. The number of children who are internally displaced due to natural disasters is unknown. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 24 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Children are particularly vulnerable to natural disasters due to their physical and psycho-social characteristics. Their vulnerability is heightened when children are separated from their families, unaccompanied, orphaned, displaced or "disappeared" and do not receive appropriate care, protection, support and rehabilitation | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 91 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Such migration, both internal and external, can occur in response to individual imperatives (such as the search for economic or professional opportunities), or to family and communal imperatives in connection with survival strategies or efforts to find suitable social or educational environments for children. Permanent and seasonal migrations, whether cross-border or within a country, are dictated by poverty, deteriorating living conditions, chronic drought, armed conflict and/or political instability. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 78 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Reintegration work should also aim to change negative behaviours and attitudes of families and communities towards returning children who have been victimized. Building up positive qualities and feelings in children can also assist in developing respect and acceptance, for instance, demonstrating that a child has been successful, has helped others, or has been involved in community services. Programmes to address stigma in communities and prevailing gender and cultural norms are also vital. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 92 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | At all stages of migration (origin, transit, destination), migrant children are extremely vulnerable to sale, trafficking and sexual exploitation. Host communities often discriminate against and marginalize migrant children, especially those who are not registered, in particular, by denying them access to education and medical services. Because of their irregular status and their fear of being caught and deported, they are forced to adopt survival strategies, becoming more vulnerable to sexual exploitation and forced labour. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. 56 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Various studies have highlighted the impact of migration on children's vulnerability to being sold and trafficked. A UNICEF publication refers to unaccompanied children having to pay smugglers to be able to continue their journey, a situation that makes them particularly vulnerable to being indebted to smugglers and sold for various forms of exploitation. Migration by carers may also make children vulnerable to being sold for the purpose of forced labour. The large number of children left behind by parents migrating to sustain the family may also constitute a factor of vulnerability. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 42 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Children and young people represent an important proportion of the migrant population. It is estimated that there are 33 million international migrants under the age of 20, representing 16 per cent of the international migrant population, but over 20 per cent in Africa and Asia. One third of these migrants are adolescents, while 39 per cent are under the age of 10. Data on internal migration and children left behind is not available. However, global trends suggest that this issue will remain significant in the coming years. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 41 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The number of migrants worldwide has increased rapidly in the past few years, reaching almost 1 billion persons - one in seven human beings. The number of international migrants in 2010, estimated at 214 million according to the Department of Economic and Social Affairs, could almost double by 2050, and internal migrants accounted for 740 million migrants in 2009, according to the United Nations Development Programme. Similarly, the number of people uprooted by conflict or persecution is at its highest level in 18 years. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 40 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Migration has significant effects on the vulnerability of children to sale and exploitation. When children and families migrate to new places, they often leave behind the social support, coping mechanisms and protective environment a community and familiar context provide. Children migrating on their own are easy prey for traffickers. While it holds numerous positive aspects, migration is also an important component of international mobility that facilitates the sale and sexual exploitation of children. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 84 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | An important area for partnership between civil society and governments concerns the provision of safe mechanisms for particularly vulnerable children, who are often hard to reach through government services. Marginalized children include those lacking parental care, those placed in institutional settings or in detention, those living and working in the streets, those with disabilities, those in extreme poverty, those trapped in child labour, or those on the move, including as migrants or asylum-seekers, as well as children in situations of armed conflict. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 86 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Various countries emerging from conflict or an authoritarian regime have been confronted with allegations of systematic illegal adoptions as part of past large-scale abuses. Few countries have responded to victims' calls for truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence, however, and none have done so in a comprehensive manner. Argentina has pioneered such responses, in particular in relation to enforced disappearances, through truth-seeking and accountability. Genetic tracing and the establishment of a national genetic database have played a key role in identifying disappeared children who were subjected to illegal adoption and in efforts to seek judicial accountability. Moreover, the "disappeared" children, now adults, are stepping forward to uncover their biological origins and some are playing a role in the prosecution of their adoptive parents. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. 96 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | An ILO study on international migration and child labour has underlined the importance of promoting safe behaviours in relation to migration, by supporting adolescents in adequately informing themselves and properly preparing for the journey, preferably by securing a job contract before leaving. However, in some instances, the contract is part of the migration arrangement itself, paving the way for exploitative conditions. Studies have also stressed the importance for countries of avoiding legislative frameworks in which a legal stay is conditioned to one employer, as it paves the way for dependency on that employer. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Approach, vision and work methods 2014, para. 12 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Special Rapporteur is aware of the various bodies and mechanisms within the United Nations system dealing with situations and violations affecting children. As required by resolution 7/13, she intends to work in close coordination with them in order to ensure complementarity and avoid unnecessary duplication. In respect of the special procedures mandate holders who address cross-cutting issues and concerns relating to her mandate, such as the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children, the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and in practice, the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants and the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons, she intends to discuss and develop with them joint methods of work, such as the presentation of joint thematic reports, the conducting of coordinated country visits, the issuance of joint communications and the organization of joint awareness-raising activities. The Special Rapporteur will also deploy efforts to mainstream the protection and promotion of children's rights within the special procedures system, while according priority to certain issues and concerns that need to be tackled in a coordinated manner in order to enhance their impact when bringing particular situations to the attention of Governments and other stakeholders concerned. Her ultimate goal is to ensure that all mandate holders take a common approach towards addressing the impact of legislative and policy measures on children and their rights. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 54 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | As highlighted above, voluntary reporting is an essential first step towards increasing the numbers of prosecutions. In Switzerland, for example, the Federal Police, in collaboration with ECPAT Switzerland, launched a campaign and website including online reporting forms accessible in different languages. Since October 2008, 26 denunciations have been made, which include cases of CST. Similar work was done in Germany and Austria, while European Union funding was secured to implement the same in other countries. Another campaign was launched by ECPAT Netherlands on the 24 October 2012, with a first flyer distributed at passport control of Dutch airports, aimed at encouraging reporting by travellers. Large posters have been displayed at the airport, while collaborators of travel companies have received guidelines on how to follow up when tourists approach them with information. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 91 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Children on the move, including children who migrate, who are refugees or asylum-seekers are also at special risk of enduring violence without benefiting from counselling or having access to reporting or complaint mechanisms. According to the World Bank, approximately one third of migrants from developing countries are between the ages of 12 and 24. At times on their own, unable to speak the language and lacking information about existing child protection services, they are often afraid of approaching the authorities and of being deported, especially when undocumented. As a result, they may place themselves at further risk of violence and exploitation. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 90 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | According to the World Bank, approximately one third of migrants from developing countries are young persons between the ages of 12 and 24. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 |
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