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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Child participation 2012, para. 57 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In Yemen, the Children's Parliament has democratically elected representatives from all governorates and includes orphans, children with disabilities and young people belonging to marginalized groups. It regularly meets Government departments and non-governmental organizations. In 2008, it produced a public report on the situation of children in Yemen. In 2010, it carried out a national campaign to illustrate the impact of early marriage on the lives and health of young girls, which has led to a review of Yemeni legislation. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Child participation 2012, para. 37 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | At the international level, UNICEF has a recently modernized blog entitled "Voices of Youth" (http://voicesofyouth.org), which enables young people to learn more about and share their thoughts and opinions on issues affecting their world. Online discussions encompass such social issues as education, environment, violence and conflict, HIV/AIDS, health and human rights. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 71 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | For example, the Philippine Mental Health Association is a professional association with a significant role in assisting child victims of violence, and in prevention and awareness-raising. Through the Youth Life Enrichment Program it organizes workshops to teach life skills to young people, leading to the establishment of over 90 mental-health clubs in secondary schools throughout the country, whose members are trained in peer counselling. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 54 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Reporting by professionals who work with young children is especially important; these children are more susceptible to injury and unable to make complaints, and early detection and intervention can help reduce the risk of repeated abuse and long-term health and social consequences. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 52 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In 2007, more than one third of young women 20 to 24 years old (that is, over 64 million ) in developing countries reported that they were married or in union by age 18. Early marriages are twice as common among young girls from poor families and those living in rural areas. Furthermore, these early marriages lead to early pregnancies (14 million young women give birth between the ages of 15 and 19 years old ), which endanger the health of the mothers and their children. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 49 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Increasingly accessible new technologies have exposed children to pornography and inspired and influenced young people's sexual practices. Pornography is becoming the main means of sex education and encouraging the spread of related practices and behaviours. Child pornography networks circulate photos of smiling children in order to trivialize sexual attraction to children and to convince children watching that they are having fun. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 72 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The exponential growth of technology and means of communication, constantly changing patterns of production and consumption, social networks, video sharing, instant messaging and the increasing interactivity of online content offer new opportunities for users but, at the same time, pose new risks for children and young persons. Technological convergence between mobile phones and the Internet has had a major impact on online security. Children are now able to log on to pornographic sites and chat online with sexual predators, and, in this way, may fall victim to sexual exploitation. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Tackling the demand for the sexual exploitation of children 2016, para. 42 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | A major enabler of demand is the perception of youth, consent and virginity. Indeed, the attraction of preferential offenders who are not paedophiles to adolescents often stems from social and cultural constructs. The obsession with virginity owing to notions of purity and health is, for example, a source of demand for the sexual exploitation of children. There are thus in several regions of the world those who specifically seek to have intercourse with virgins. Concurrently, a child who has lost his or her virginity is considered in negative terms and devalued, thus being more vulnerable to sexual exploitation. Besides, the definition of a child, although set at any person under 18 in international law, varies from one culture to another and is strongly related to his or her sexual maturity. There is further confusion as a result of the varying ages of sexual consent across the world. Preferential and situational offenders will thus justify their actions by affirming, based on their personal belief or on the degree of social tolerance, that their victim was not a child or consented to his or her exploitation. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Tackling the demand for the sexual exploitation of children 2016, para. 28 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | As indicated above, certain preferential offenders cannot be described as paedophiles as they are interested solely in pubescent children. The specific sexual interest in teenagers is called hebephilia and derives from a range of factors linked to the underlying level of demand. A strong motivation for committing such sexual exploitation of children is, for instance, linked to the context of sexually transmitted diseases with offenders believing that virgins or young children pose less of a health risk. There are also other practices, such as adults becoming sexually involved with teenagers in exchange for money or goods. This phenomenon is present across the world and those adults are often referred to as "sugar daddies", and the practice is often referred to as "compensated dating". It is also at the heart of the exploitation of children in the context of tourism and travel. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Tackling the demand for the sexual exploitation of children 2016, para. 27 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The notion of paedophilia is complex and there are several varying definitions. The definition used by the World Health Organization is slightly broader than others; it is "a sexual preference for children, boys or girls or both, usually of prepubertal or early pubertal age". The medical condition is often widely used to characterize any adult who has sexual intercourse with a minor, yet the definitions above indicate that the general consensus is that a paedophile has a preference for young children. Furthermore, offenders are considered to be paedophiles if they are at least 16 years old and 5 years older than their victims. Different subgroups have been identified among paedophiles, ranging from fixated to regressed and aggressive. A fixated offender will go to great lengths to reach a child and is often associated with such methods as grooming. Regressed offenders, on the other hand, often require facilitators before acting and will target unknown victims. Aggressive offenders also derive their sexual gratification from the sense of power and control they feel by inflicting pain on the child. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Child participation 2012, para. 82 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | There remain significant disparities between countries regarding the involvement of children and young people in online safety programmes. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Child participation 2012, para. 43 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Global Youth Partnership Project against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children is aimed at improving the lives of affected children by empowering survivors and those at risk to advocate their own right to be protected. Through leadership training sessions led by young people, peer support programmes, microprojects led by young people and improvements in shelter care services, children learn how to better protect themselves and others while actively lobbying Governments to uphold their commitments to combating the commercial sexual exploitation of children. The psychosocial impact of the initiative is manifested in the participating children's increased resilience, confidence, creativity, self-esteem and social and life skills. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 31 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Ensuring that all children, including those who have experienced violence, have access to child-sensitive and effective counselling is a daunting, long-term challenge. This neglected area should be strengthened, including through the promotion of sensitization and social-mobilization campaigns, the adoption of relevant legal, educational, and social measures, the training of relevant professionals, and the support of mental health services for children and adolescents. The empowerment and involvement of young people in the design and evaluation of these actions remains critical for their effectiveness. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 24 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Most countries that contributed information to the present report indicated that dedicated arrangements for children were in place for counselling, reporting and complaints on incidents of violence against children. In some countries, ministries responsible for children and family affairs provide counselling services, including but not always specifically for children, and offer services such as emotional support, information, referrals and practical assistance. Several countries offer special counselling programmes for victims of crime, such as youth welfare offices and children's shelters with specialized professionals (for example, psychologists, social workers, lawyers), and provide multidisciplinary child protection teams in paediatric hospitals. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 66 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Moreover, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has led adults to seek sexual relations with increasingly young children, as they have more chance of being healthy. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 |
15 shown of 15 entities