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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence 2011, para. 72b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Elements to be mainstreamed into national coordinating frameworks. The following elements need to be mainstreamed across the measures (legislative, administrative, social and educational) and stages of intervention (from prevention through to recovery and reintegration):] The gender dimensions of violence against children. States parties should ensure that policies and measures take into account the different risks facing girls and boys in respect of various forms of violence in various settings. States should address all forms of gender discrimination as part of a comprehensive violence-prevention strategy. This includes addressing gender-based stereotypes, power imbalances, inequalities and discrimination which support and perpetuate the use of violence and coercion in the home, in school and educational settings, in communities, in the workplace, in institutions and in society more broadly. Men and boys must be actively encouraged as strategic partners and allies, and along with women and girls, must be provided with opportunities to increase their respect for one another and their understanding of how to stop gender discrimination and its violent manifestations; | Committee on the Rights of the Child | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2011 | ||
Access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, including for the promotion of women's equal access to full employment and decent work 2011, para. 22x | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions, as appropriate:] [Strengthening gender-sensitive quality education and training, including in the field of science and technology]: Ensure women's and girls' right to education at all levels as well as access to life skills and sex education based on full and accurate information and, with respect to girls and boys, in a manner consistent with their evolving capacities, and with appropriate direction and guidance from parents and legal guardians, in order to help women and girls, men and boys, to develop knowledge to enable them to make informed and responsible decisions to reduce early childbearing and maternal mortality, to promote access to pre- and post-natal care and to combat sexual harassment and gender-based violence; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2011 | ||
The role of men and boys in achieving gender equality 2004, para. 7 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Commission urges all entities within the United Nations system to take into account the recommendations contained in the present agreed conclusions and to disseminate the agreed conclusions widely. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2004 | ||
The role of men and boys in achieving gender equality 2004, para. 6y | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments [...] to take the following actions:] Promote and encourage the representation of men in institutional mechanisms for the advancement of women; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2004 | ||
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 54 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Civil society organizations underlined that boys and men should be addressed in the treaty as both perpetrators and potential allies for change. In addition, the correlation of violence against women with violence against children, whether boys being witnesses to domestic violence against their mothers or children of all gender identities being subjected to corporal punishment, needed to be made clear and solutions needed to be part of the treaty. | Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 90 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | State policies need to address the root causes of armed violence, including deprivation and social exclusion; undertake gender-sensitive approaches to secure boys' and girls' safety and protection, and the recovery and reintegration of victims; and fight impunity. Special protection measures are also needed for children and young people who try to leave gangs and organized criminal structures, to counter the risks they face and promote long-term options for their reintegration. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2015 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 64 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Gender differences also influence how children use ICTs and perceive and respond to online risks. In Europe, boys appear more bothered by online violence than girls, while girls are more concerned with contact-related risks. Teenage girls are slightly more likely to receive nasty or hurtful messages online than teenage boys. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2015 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 35 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | During the period covered by the present report, important global thematic consultations were held to inform the future development agenda. In Helsinki, Monrovia and Panama City, the consultations devoted to violence and citizen security gave prominent attention to human rights and the elimination of all forms of violence. During the Panama consultation, participants specifically called for the inclusion of distinct goals to safeguard the protection of boys and girls from violence. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2014 | ||
Women’s economic empowerment in the changing world of work 2017, para. 40 (p) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Take concrete steps towards eliminating the practice of gender-based price differentiation, also known as the "pink tax", whereby goods and services intended for or marketed to women and girls cost more than similar goods and services intended for or marketed to men and boys; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2017 | ||
Women’s economic empowerment in the changing world of work 2017, para. 12 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Commission recognizes the importance of fully engaging men and boys, as agents and beneficiaries of change, for the achievement of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. It stresses the role of men as allies in the realization of women's economic empowerment in the changing world of work and in the elimination of all forms of discrimination and violence against women and girls. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2017 | ||
Gender equality in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2016, para. 26 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Gender-based violence can be defined as acts that "inflict physical, mental or sexual harm or suffering, threats of such acts, coercion and other deprivations of liberty". It is a widespread issue rooted in power differences and structural inequality between men and women, although men and boys can also suffer gender-based violence. As the Secretary-General has pointed out: "Violence against women and girls makes its hideous imprint on every continent, country and culture". | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Violence against women: Twenty years of developments to combat violence against women 2014, para. 72 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | From a pragmatic point of view, if men constitute the vast majority of perpetrators of violence against women, then engaging them in discussions, educating them to resist and reject the nature and consequences of hypermasculinity and misogyny and to overcome patterns of violence is an obvious step towards the elimination of violence against women. The feminist approach has commonly considered men as allies and targets of education in the quest for gender transformation. In recent years, many men's groups have moved from being targets of engagement and allies, to being leaders of initiatives on gender equality, especially through the setting up of specialized men's organizations to engage men and boys. The logic of the shift in focus appears to be self-defeating because it empowers the group to which perpetrators belong - and which overwhelmingly continues to maintain economic, political and societal structures of power, privilege and opportunity - to offer protection from violence and discrimination. The Special Rapporteur is also concerned that the dominant voices on engaging men and boys, whether through reporting, United Nations meetings or connection with the wider public through the press and popular culture, belong to a very small group of men who are linked to the most prominent organizations associated with the men and boys agenda. This raises numerous questions, including in respect of legitimacy and accountability. | Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 63 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | From a pragmatic point of view, if men constitute the vast majority of perpetrators of violence against women, then engaging them in discussions, educating them to resist and reject the nature and consequences of hypermasculinity and misogyny and to overcome patterns of violence is an obvious step towards the elimination of violence against women. The feminist approach has commonly considered men as allies and targets of education in the quest for gender transformation. In recent years, many men's groups have moved from being targets of engagement and allies to being leaders of initiatives on gender equality, especially through the setting up of specialized men's organizations to engage men and boys. The logic of the shift in focus appears to be self-defeating because it empowers the group to which perpetrators belong - and which overwhelmingly continues to maintain economic, political and societal structures of power, privilege and opportunity - to offer protection from violence and discrimination. The Special Rapporteur is also concerned that the dominant voices on engaging men and boys, whether through reporting, United Nations meetings or connection with the wider public through the press and popular culture, belong to a very small group of men who are linked to the most prominent organizations associated with the "men and boys" agenda. This raises numerous questions, including in respect of legitimacy and accountability. | Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 73 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The media should be adequately sensitized on the linkage between trafficking in persons, especially women and children, and conflict and be aware of its gender dimension, in order to be able to report correctly about incidents of trafficking affecting girls, boys, women and men occurring in such circumstances. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 78 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The media should be adequately sensitized about the linkage between trafficking in persons, especially women and children, and conflict, and should be aware of its gender dimension, in order to be able to report correctly about incidents of trafficking affecting girls, boys, women and men living in such circumstances. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Integration of a human rights-based approach in measures to discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation of persons, especially women and children, and which leads to human trafficking 2013, para. 30 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Several provisions are also included in the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. For instance, its article 6 provides that:
To discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation of persons, especially women and children, that leads to trafficking, each Party shall adopt or strengthen legislative, administrative, educational, social, cultural or other measures including:
a research on best practices, methods and strategies;
b raising awareness of the responsibility and important role of media and civil society in identifying the demand as one of the root causes of trafficking in human beings;
c target information campaigns involving, as appropriate, inter alia, public authorities and policy makers;
d preventive measures, including educational programmes for boys and girls during their schooling, which stress the unacceptable nature of discrimination based on sex, and its disastrous consequences, the importance of gender equality and the dignity and integrity of every human being. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Regional and subregional cooperation in promoting a human rights-based approach to combatting trafficking in persons 2010, para. 100 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In this context, regional organizations have a key role to play in promoting the elimination of gender-based misconceptions that prevent authorities from providing appropriate protection and assistance to all victims of trafficking, women and men, girls and boys. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Prevention of trafficking in persons 2010, para. 33 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | With globalization and changes in demographic trends in developed countries, there is an increased demand for cheap, low-skilled or semi-skilled labour in a wide range of industries, including agriculture, food processing, construction, manufacturing, domestic work and home health care. Those jobs are often dirty, degrading and dangerous and are often not performed by national workers. This gives rise to a significant demand for migrant workers, although this has not been acknowledged or reflected in immigration laws and policies in most developed countries. Furthermore, it is necessary to be cognizant of the gender-specific nature of demand exacerbated by the current economic crisis and globalization, which have caused changes in the international division of labour and labour market demand. As has been observed, the greater demand for trafficked women and girls compared to men and boys has occurred largely in response to this demand-driven reality. Again, the feminization of the labour market results in women being predominantly engaged in the informal sector, characterized by low wages, casual jobs, hazardous working conditions and an absence of collective bargaining mechanisms. It has been argued, consequently, that women are preferred in this sector because they are viewed as submissive, well-suited to simple repetitive tasks, abundant, needy, cheap and pliable. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Tackling the demand for the sexual exploitation of children 2016, para. 53 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In respect to gender-based discrimination and entrenched gender stereotypes, there have been positive initiatives such as the Empowering Young Men to End Sexual Exploitation module created by the Chicago Alliance Against Sexual Exploitation. It has focused on educating children, particularly boys, about masculinity and the realities of the commercial sex trade, as well as human trafficking. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 16 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Thanks to these efforts, more data are now available on long-term trends and specific aspects of some types of sale and sexual exploitation of children, including:] The gender dimension of sexual exploitation, which has the greatest effect on girls, although there are reports of some cases of sexual exploitation of boys (prostitution, pornography, sexual tourism); very few cases have been reported owing to taboos and laws prohibiting homosexuality; | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
The importance of social protection measures in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2010, para. 30 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Nonetheless, social protection programmes have limits. Many countries pride themselves on having achieved quantifiable improvements in gender equality, especially regarding girls' access to education. For example, the Female Secondary School Assistance Project in Bangladesh, which provides girls with a stipend so that they can attend school, has been recognized as successful in raising enrolment rates for girls. However, States must take care not to limit their efforts to promote gender equality to improving parity between girls' and boys' enrolment rates. While stipends promoting girls' enrolment are important, they must be accompanied by broader measures addressing other concerns of particular importance to women, such as gender-based violence, including harmful traditional practices (for example, female genital mutilation and child marriage). Several countries have expressed frustration at the narrowness of some of the indicators for Millennium Development Goal 3 (promote gender equality and empower women) and have chosen to focus their energies on their own indicators related to gender equality, such as formal workforce participation, wage gaps, political participation and domestic violence. The independent expert believes States should adopt or revise national targets and indicators for all Millennium Development Goals in line with their obligations under human rights law, in order to accelerate their progress in achieving the Goals. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Right to health in early childhood - Right to survival and development 2015, para. 79 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Gender biases within families give rise to a range of inequalities that obstruct the optimal development of the girl child. Where gender inequalities persist, boys may receive greater medical attention and girls may be vulnerable to discriminatory feeding patterns. | Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 56 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Women have historically been victims of social injustice and educational deprivation. The majority of those who are deprived of education today are girls and women, whereas they are entitled to education as much as boys. In some cases, they are prevented from attending schools by parents who see no value in educating daughters, or by religious extremists threatening them. Violence against women and girls impairs their right to education. | Special Rapporteur on the right to education | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in economic and social life with a focus on economic crisis 2014, para. 118 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Working Group recommends that States:] Introduce a universal core syllabus which will inform boys and girls of their human rights, including women's human rights. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CEDAW) 2014, para. 69f | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Engage men and boys in creating an enabling environment that supports the empowerment of women and girls. | Committee on the Rights of the Child | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CEDAW) 2014, para. 6 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and the Committee on the Rights of the Child consistently note that harmful practices are deeply rooted in social attitudes according to which women and girls are regarded as inferior to men and boys based on stereotyped roles. They also highlight the gender dimension of violence and indicate that sex- and gender-based attitudes and stereotypes, power imbalances, inequalities and discrimination perpetuate the widespread existence of practices that often involve violence or coercion. It is also important to recall that the Committees are concerned that the practices are also used to justify gender-based violence as a form of "protection" or control of women and children in the home or community, at school or in other educational settings and institutions and in wider society. Moreover, the Committees draw States parties' attention to the fact that sex- and gender-based discrimination intersects with other factors that affect women and girls, in particular those who belong to, or are perceived as belonging to, disadvantaged groups, and who are therefore at a higher risk of becoming victims of harmful practices. | Committee on the Rights of the Child | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
The equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all economic, social and cultural rights 2005, para. 27 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Article 10, paragraph 1, of the Covenant requires that States parties recognize that the widest possible protection and assistance should be accorded to the family, and that marriage must be entered into with the free consent of the intending spouses. Implementing article 3, in relation to article 10, requires States parties, inter alia, to provide victims of domestic violence, who are primarily female, with access to safe housing, remedies and redress for physical, mental and emotional damage; to ensure that men and women have an equal right to choose if, whom and when to marry - in particular, the legal age of marriage for men and women should be the same, and boys and girls should be protected equally from practices that promote child marriage, marriage by proxy, or coercion; and to ensure that women have equal rights to marital property and inheritance upon their husband's death. Gender-based violence is a form of discrimination that inhibits the ability to enjoy rights and freedoms, including economic, social and cultural rights, on a basis of equality. States parties must take appropriate measures to eliminate violence against men and women and act with due diligence to prevent, investigate, mediate, punish and redress acts of violence against them by private actors. | Committee on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2005 | ||
Women’s access to justice 2015, para. 33c | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Committee recommends that States parties:] Integrate, into curricula at all levels of education, educational programmes on women's rights and gender equality, including legal literacy programmes, that emphasize the crucial role of women's access to justice and the role of men and boys as advocates and stakeholders. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2015 | ||
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 69f | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Engage men and boys in creating an enabling environment that supports the empowerment of women and girls. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 6 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and the Committee on the Rights of the Child consistently note that harmful practices are deeply rooted in social attitudes according to which women and girls are regarded as inferior to men and boys based on stereotyped roles. They also highlight the gender dimension of violence and indicate that sex- and gender-based attitudes and stereotypes, power imbalances, inequalities and discrimination perpetuate the widespread existence of practices that often involve violence or coercion. It is also important to recall that the Committees are concerned that the practices are also used to justify gender-based violence as a form of "protection" or control of women and children in the home or community, at school or in other educational settings and institutions and in wider society. Moreover, the Committees draw States parties' attention to the fact that sex- and gender-based discrimination intersects with other factors that affect women and girls, in particular those who belong to, or are perceived as belonging to, disadvantaged groups, and who are therefore at a higher risk of becoming victims of harmful practices. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 |