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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, including for the promotion of women's equal access to full employment and decent work 2011, para. 16 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Commission recognizes that the upbringing of children requires the shared responsibility of parents, women and men and society as a whole, and that maternity, motherhood, parenting and the role of women in procreation must not be a basis for discrimination nor restrict the full participation of women in society. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2011 | ||
Access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, including for the promotion of women's equal access to full employment and decent work 2011, para. 18 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Commission also expresses concern that inadequate educational opportunities and low quality education reduce the benefits of education and training for women and girls, men and boys, and that women's educational gains are yet to translate into equal access to full employment and decent work, with consequent long-term adverse effects on the development of any society. It remains deeply concerned by the persistence of high female illiteracy rates and gender stereotyped roles of women and men, which inhibit women's equal participation in employment, leading to occupational segregation, including the widespread underrepresentation of women and girls in many fields of science and technology, which represents a loss of talent and perspectives, hinders economic development and women's economic empowerment and can contribute to the gender pay gap. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2011 | ||
Access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, including for the promotion of women's equal access to full employment and decent work 2011, para. 22ii | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions, as appropriate:] [Supporting the transition from education to full employment and decent work]: Encourage employers and research funding agencies to establish flexible and non-discriminatory work policies and arrangements for both women and men, such as time extension on research grants for pregnant researchers, leave schemes, quality care services and social protection policies, in order to improve the retention and progression of women in science and technology; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2011 | ||
Access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, including for the promotion of women's equal access to full employment and decent work 2011, para. 22oo | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions, as appropriate:] [Increasing retention and progression of women in science and technology employment]: Set concrete goals, targets and benchmarks, as appropriate, while supporting a merit-based approach, to achieve equal participation of women and men in decision-making at all levels, especially in science and technology institutions, such as science academies, research funding institutions, academia and the public and private sectors, as well as in the design of science and technology policies and research and development agenda-setting; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2011 | ||
Access to land and the right to food 2010, para. 17 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The effort to transplant the Western concept of property rights has created a number of problems, however. Unless it is transparent and carefully monitored, the titling process itself may be appropriated by local elites or foreign investors, with the complicity of corrupt officials. In addition, if it is based on the recognition of formal ownership, rather than on land users' rights, the titling process may confirm the unequal distribution of land, resulting in practice in a counter-agrarian reform. In particular, this will be the case in countries in which a small landed elite owns most of the available land, having benefited from the unequal agrarian structure of the colonial era. There is also a risk that titling will favour men. Any measures aimed at improving security of tenure should instead seek to correct existing imbalances, as the Land Management and Administration Project in Cambodia does. | Special Rapporteur on the right to food | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Access to land and the right to food 2010, para. 42b (ii) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In order to ensure the enjoyment of the right to food, States should:] Ensure that market-led land reforms are compatible with human rights. If, despite the reservations expressed in the present report, States choose to seek to improve security of tenure through titling programmes and the creation of land rights markets, they should: Ensure that titling schemes benefit women and men equally, correcting existing imbalances if necessary; | Special Rapporteur on the right to food | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Acroecology and the right to food 2011, para. 41 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Specific, targeted schemes should ensure that women are empowered and encouraged to participate in this construction of knowledge. Culturally-sensitive participatory initiatives with female project staff and all-female working groups, and an increase in locally-recruited female agricultural extension staff and village motivators facing fewer cultural and language barriers, should counterbalance the greater access that men have to formal sources of agricultural knowledge. It is a source of concern to the Special Rapporteur that, while women face a number of specific obstacles (poor access to capital and land, the double burden of work in their productive and family roles, and low participation in decision-making), gender issues are incorporated into less than 10 per cent of development assistance in agriculture, and women farmers receive only 5 per cent of agricultural extension services worldwide. In principle, agroecology can benefit women most, because it is they who encounter most difficulties in accessing external inputs or subsidies. But their ability to benefit should not be treated as automatic; it requires that affirmative action directed specifically towards women be taken. | Special Rapporteur on the right to food | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 23 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Men and boys can also become victims of trafficking, particularly for forced labour and to a lesser extent for sexual exploitation. However, lack of awareness about the involvement of men as trafficked persons has resulted in identification failures, as well as significant discrimination against male victims, particularly in terms of access to protection and assistance (A/HRC/26/37/Add.2, para. 34). | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Challenges and achievements in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals for women and girls 2014, para. 42aa | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions:] [Realizing women's and girls' full enjoyment of all human rights]: Guarantee women's and girls' inheritance rights and their full and equal access to and control over assets and natural and other productive resources, including full and equal rights to own and lease land and other property, and undertaking administrative reforms and all necessary measures to give women the same right as men to credit capital, finance, financial assets, science and technology, vocational training, information and communications technologies and markets, and to ensure equal access to justice and legal assistance; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2014 | ||
Challenges and achievements in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals for women and girls 2014, para. 42mm | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions:] [Strengthening the enabling environment for gender equality and the empowerment of women]: Strengthen the role of women in the formal and informal sectors, including in cross-border trade and agriculture, put in place measures needed to improve women's access to markets and productive resources, and make markets safe for women, including those living in rural areas, and thereby ensure that businesses and farms owned by women and men have equal opportunities in markets; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2014 | ||
Child and dependant care, including sharing of work and family responsibilities 1996, para. 1 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Questions relating to child and dependant care, to sharing of family tasks and responsibilities and to unremunerated work must be taken fully into account in mainstreaming a gender perspective, in gender analysis and in all other relevant methodologies used to promote equality between men and women. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 1996 | ||
Child and dependant care, including sharing of work and family responsibilities 1996, para. 10 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | There is a need, through legislation and/or other appropriate measures, to rebalance the sharing of family responsibilities between men and women, and to inform them of the existing legislative provisions. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 1996 | ||
Child and dependant care, including sharing of work and family responsibilities 1996, para. 12d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Action is needed to:] (d) Promote conditions and a way of organizing work that would enable women and men to reconcile their family and professional life, particularly through the introduction of flexi-time for women and men; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 1996 | ||
Child and dependant care, including sharing of work and family responsibilities 1996, para. 18a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Research could be conducted drawing on the capabilities of the various United Nations organizations, particularly in the following areas, when compatible with the system-wide medium-term plan for the advancement of women, 1996-2001;] (a) Changes in the situation and attitudes of men and women with regard to the reconciliation of family and professional life and the sharing of family responsibilities - in particular, a study should be conducted in the context of sub-Saharan Africa; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 1996 | ||
Child and dependant care, including sharing of work and family responsibilities 1996, para. 18e | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Research could be conducted drawing on the capabilities of the various United Nations organizations, particularly in the following areas, when compatible with the system-wide medium-term plan for the advancement of women, 1996-2001;] (e) Time-use surveys of unremunerated work of women and men, with a view to measuring its impact on the use and monitoring of economic and social policies. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 1996 | ||
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 31 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Most important, however, is the demand for sex with children. Those who support the exploitation of children include men from industrialized and developing countries who keep traffickers and exploiters in business through their demand for and purchase and exploitation of children. This topic will be the specific focus of the next thematic report of the Special Rapporteur. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Corruption and the right to health 2017, para. 43 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | There are several intersecting groups in society that suffer from corruption on other grounds. There is, for example, evidence that corruption does not affect rural areas in the same way as it affects urban areas. Women can often be particularly affected by health sector corruption. In many countries, they are more likely to use health care than men, a pattern partly explained by their increased use of services during their reproductive years. They may thus be disproportionately affected by the effects of health sector corruption, for example when they lack the money to afford informal payments necessary for assistance around childbirth. Women may also be more vulnerable to informal payments where they lack economic means, for example where they do not participate equally in the paid labour force or do not have equal access to or control of financial resources within the household. Furthermore, women constitute a large proportion of health-care personnel, and can thus be disproportionately affected when health sector corruption negatively affects the timely payment of proper wages. | Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Debt bondage as a key form of contemporary slavery 2016, para. 47 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Alongside such legislation, Governments should take all possible steps to prevent and address discrimination, as a key preventative strategy against debt bondage. Anti-discrimination legislation should be in place, and programmes that reduce vulnerability to exploitation should be targeted to populations commonly affected by debt bondage. Within such efforts, specific attention should be paid to removing barriers to access to education among children from vulnerable groups. In addition, addressing gender inequalities in society at large will help to reduce the number of women in debt bondage. Ensuring that women are given the same opportunities as men and that they enjoy equal rights at work is a key step in preventing them from becoming trapped in situations of debt bondage. | Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Economic consequences of marriage, family relations and their dissolution 2013, para. 4 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The economic consequences for women of marriage, divorce, separation and death have been of growing concern to the Committee. Research conducted in some countries has found that while men usually experience smaller, if not minimal, income losses after divorce and/or separation, many women experience a substantial decline in household income and increased dependence on social welfare, where it is available. Throughout the world, female-headed households are the most likely to be poor. Their status is inevitably affected by global developments such as the market economy and its crises; women's increasing entry into the paid workforce and their concentration in low-paying jobs; persistent income inequality within and between States; growth in divorce rates and in de facto unions; the reform of social security systems or the launching of new ones; and, above all, the persistence of women's poverty. Despite women's contributions to the economic well-being of the family, their economic inferiority permeates all stages of family relationships, often owing to their responsibility for dependants. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2013 | ||
Economic consequences of marriage, family relations and their dissolution 2013, para. 5 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Regardless of the vast range of economic arrangements within the family, women in both developing and developed countries generally share the experience of being worse off economically than men in family relationships and following the dissolution of those relationships. Social security systems, nominally designed to improve economic status, may also discriminate against women. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2013 | ||
Economic consequences of marriage, family relations and their dissolution 2013, para. 51 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Survivorship rights to social security payments (pensions and disability payments) and in contributory pension systems play a large role in States parties in which couples pay significant sums into those systems during the relationship. States parties are obligated to provide for equality between men and women in terms of spousal and survivorship benefits from social security and pension systems. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2013 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 22 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Other practices such as forced marriage that are in effect in certain parts of the world can be considered "sale for purposes of sexual exploitation". One manifestation of this, among others, is that young girls are given as wives to men - often older men - in exchange for money. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in economic and social life with a focus on economic crisis 2014, para. 16 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Women are disadvantaged economically as a result of social and cultural parameters, including stereotyping, discrimination and violence. A structural barrier to women's economic empowerment is the disparate feminization of unpaid care responsibilities. These cultural and structural barriers appear throughout girls' and women's life cycle and, indeed, women's economic situation varies throughout their life cycle more than men's. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in economic and social life with a focus on economic crisis 2014, para. 41 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Participation rates of women in the global labour force continue to be lower than men's, hovering steadily from 1990 to 2010 at around 52 per cent. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in economic and social life with a focus on economic crisis 2014, para. 47 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | There is a related problem of segregation in the formal labour market, with women clustered in "pink collar", largely service sector, jobs with inferior working conditions, less job security and lower pay. In high-income countries, more than 85 per cent of employed women work in the service sector, primarily in education and health. In order to address wage gaps resulting from occupational segregation, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and ILO Conventions require equal pay for equal work or for work of equal value, comparable in skill, responsibility, effort and working conditions. The ILO guide to gender-neutral job evaluation provides an objective evaluation system. The ILO also recommends that policies to combat occupational segregation also encourage men to enter occupations traditionally associated with women. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in economic and social life with a focus on economic crisis 2014, para. 48 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Women are concentrated in higher numbers than men in informal work, not recognized, recorded, protected or regulated by the public authorities, and overrepresented in precarious, atypical and vulnerable work or employment. There are extreme examples in which 93 per cent of women workers are in informal work. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in economic and social life with a focus on economic crisis 2014, para. 90 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Unlike women's reproductive function, care functions do not necessarily have to fall on women. All forms of care, including childcare, are amenable to social reconstruction, and indeed in the Nordic countries, which have long pursued a policy of gender equality in the division of work and childcare functions, the distribution of care work comes close to parity. Good practice regarding the allocation of care responsibilities, pioneered in the Nordic countries, encourages men to enter traditionally women's worlds, both in the family and in the workplace, thus allowing women to participate and advance in the labour market. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in economic and social life with a focus on economic crisis 2014, para. 100 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Discriminatory laws and practice prevail in most countries. Some such laws are self-evident, such as mandatory early retirement for women. Some are what has been called "statistical discrimination", such as separate annuity tables for women and men based on women's greater longevity. Others are the result of the sociology of the family and of legislative policy endorsing and perpetuating the economic dependence of women on a husband's income and pension entitlement. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in political and public life with a focus on political transition 2013, para. 63 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Good practice regarding the work-life balance for public and political participation includes both childcare support and institutional family-friendly scheduling. The highest performing countries in terms of proportion of women in public office have the most generous entitlements for maternal and parental leave. This reflects States' effectiveness in creating better options for women to reconcile the balance between work and family life, promoting a better balance of responsibilities between men and women in the home and encouraging a higher percentage of fathers to take parental leave. This demonstrates a significant cultural change in society's views of gender roles, which is itself a culmination of decades of responsive social policies. Good practices regarding gender-sensitive parliaments are found in some Western European and other States that have changed the scheduling of parliamentary session to allow a work-life balance for Members of Parliament who have parental responsibilities. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in political and public life with a focus on political transition 2013, para. 69 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Stereotypes of women's capacities and roles that negatively affect women's effective participation in political and public life persist around the world. Despite evidence of women's important contributions in other fields of life, including in the labour market, stereotypes of female inadequacy in politics continue to be used as a basis for their marginalization and segregation in decision-making positions, with care and distributive tasks such as health and social welfare allocated to women, while men are assigned to economic and defence affairs, distorting the power structure and resource allocation. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 |