Search Tips
sorted by
30 shown of 100 entities
7 columns hidden
Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, including for the promotion of women's equal access to full employment and decent work 2011, para. 22pp | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions, as appropriate:] [Making science and technology responsive to women's needs]: Utilize the full potential of science and technology, including in engineering and mathematics, and their innovations to deliver improvements in infrastructure and sectors such as energy, transportation, agriculture, nutrition, health, water and sanitation and information and communications technology, in order, inter alia, to eradicate poverty, promote social development and achieve women's economic empowerment; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2011 | ||
Access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, including for the promotion of women's equal access to full employment and decent work 2011, para. 22r | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions, as appropriate:] [Expanding access and participation in education]: Improve the safety of girls at and on the way to school, including, inter alia, by improving infrastructure such as transportation, providing separate and adequate sanitation facilities, improved lighting, playgrounds and safe environments, conducting violence prevention activities in schools and communities and establishing and enforcing penalties for all forms of harassment and violence against girls; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2011 | ||
Affordability of water and sanitation services 2015, para. 18 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In addition to material costs of service provision, the time spent on collecting water and accessing sanitation facilities outside the home must also be valued. As women and girls are largely responsible for collecting water, maintaining and cleaning sanitation facilities, and for ensuring the hygienic management of the household, these time costs have an important gender equality dimension. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Affordability of water and sanitation services 2015, para. 24 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Although sometimes monetized in economic analyses, interventions provide some intangible benefits related to time saved, dignity gained and diseases and deaths prevented. The particularly positive impact for women and girls of investing in water and sanitation is crucial for achieving gender equality. Environmental benefits are also significant, given that improving water and sanitation services helps combat contamination and environmental degradation. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Challenges and achievements in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals for women and girls 2014, para. 22 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Commission notes that with regard to Millennium Development Goal 4 (reducing child mortality), taking into account the important interconnections between women's and children's health and gender equality and empowerment of women, significant progress has been made in reducing child mortality globally, including through the efforts to eliminate new HIV infections and vertical transmissions in children, to combat malnutrition, malaria, diarrhoea, hunger and anaemia and by addressing other factors including the lack of access to vaccines, but the targets are likely to be missed. The Commission notes with deep concern that child deaths are increasingly concentrated in the poorest regions and in the first month of life, and expresses concern that children are at greater risk of dying before the age of 5 if they are born in rural and remote areas or to poor households. The Commission also notes with deep concern that some regions have higher female under-five mortality rates owing to discriminatory practices. The Commission recognizes that progress on reducing child mortality is linked with women's access to health-care services, safe drinking water, sanitation and housing, as well as mothers' basic education and nutrition. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2014 | ||
Challenges and achievements in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals for women and girls 2014, para. 25 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Commission notes that with regard to Millennium Development Goal 7 (environmental sustainability), while progress has been made globally in access to safe drinking water, progress on access to basic sanitation has been particularly slow, and the target is likely to be missed, with serious implications for women and girls, especially those living in vulnerable conditions. The Commission expresses concern that the lack of access to safe drinking water particularly affects women and girls and that they frequently bear the burden for its collection in rural and urban areas, and further recognizes the need for further improvement in this regard. The Commission further notes that the lack of adequate sanitation facilities disproportionately affects women and girls, including their labour force and school participation rates, and increases their vulnerability to violence. The Commission further notes that women and girls are often disproportionally affected by desertification, deforestation, natural disasters and climate change owing to gender inequalities and the dependence of many women on natural resources for their livelihoods. | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2014 | ||
Challenges and achievements in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals for women and girls 2014, para. 42dd | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions:] [Realizing women's and girls' full enjoyment of all human rights]: Ensure non-discriminatory access for women of all ages to gender-responsive, universally accessible, available, affordable, sustainable and high-quality services and infrastructure, including health care, safe drinking water and sanitation, transport, energy, housing, agricultural technology, financial and legal services, and information and communications technologies; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2014 | ||
Challenges and achievements in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals for women and girls 2014, para. 42j | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions:] [Realizing women's and girls' full enjoyment of all human rights]: Enact and implement legislation to protect, support and empower child-headed households, in particular those headed by girls, and include provisions to ensure their economic well-being and access to health-care services, nutrition, safe drinking water and sanitation, shelter, education and inheritance, and ensure that these families are protected, supported and assisted to stay together; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2014 | ||
Challenges and achievements in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals for women and girls 2014, para. 42k | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions:] [Realizing women's and girls' full enjoyment of all human rights]: Address the multiple and intersecting factors contributing to the disproportionate impact of poverty on women and girls over their life cycle, as well as intra-household gender inequalities in the allocation of resources, opportunities and power, by realizing women's and girls' civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development, and ensure women's and girls' inheritance and property rights, equal access to quality education, equal access to justice, social protection and an adequate standard of living, including food security and nutrition, safe drinking water and sanitation, energy and fuel resources and housing, as well as women's and adolescent girls' access to health, including sexual and reproductive health-care services, and women's equal access to full and productive employment and decent work, women's full participation and integration in the formal economy, equal pay for equal work or work of equal value, and equal sharing of unpaid work; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2014 | ||
Common violations of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 52 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Indian Supreme Court ordered schools to provide adequate toilet facilities in schools. Relying on empirical research showing that "parents do not send their children (particularly girls) to schools" wherever sanitation facilities are not provided, the Court found that a lack of toilets violated the right to education. Failure to provide water and sanitation to those deprived of liberty has been addressed by courts and international bodies primarily as constituting cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment. The High Court of Fiji held that prisoners' right to freedom from inhuman and degrading treatment was violated by lack of access to adequate sanitation facilities. The Human Rights Committee has found human rights violations, as have regional human rights bodies, in a number of cases in which prisoners have been denied access to sanitation. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2014 | ||
Common violations of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 59 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Failure to provide reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities has far-reaching effects and may amount to violations of the rights to water or sanitation. The Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities raised concerns about water and sanitation service provision not taking into account the needs of persons with disabilities. The Special Rapporteur is also concerned about the lack of reasonable accommodation in sanitation facilities for children with disabilities in schools, in extreme instances forcing parents to stay at school with their children to allow them to meet their sanitation needs. Moreover, inadequate facilities for menstrual hygiene management have been shown to prevent girls from attending school, as well as creating serious health consequences. People with health conditions also often require particular protection. The Colombian Constitutional Court found that the disconnection of water services to a woman with chronic kidney failure violated the right to life, and ordered the reinstatement of the service. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2014 | ||
Common violations of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 62 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | People may be deliberately excluded from the use of existing facilities, for instance through societal rules preventing Dalits from using water fountains or not allowing women and girls or other individuals to use an existing toilet in the household. Inordinate amounts of time spent by women and girls carrying water have major impacts on access to paid employment and education. Measures to address such practices could seek to alleviate that burden, for instance by making water collection over long distances unnecessary by providing direct access, while challenging the stereotypes which lead to that task being assigned to women. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2014 | ||
Common violations of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 64 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Women and girls are frequently subjected to unacceptable risks of violence, including sexual violence, in accessing water and sanitation facilities. Their right to personal security may be violated by failures to provide adequate protection from violence, including through appropriate design and placement of facilities with the participation of women. Many other groups and individuals such as Dalits and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex individuals also face violence in accessing water and sanitation, often linked to deeply entrenched stigmatization. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2014 | ||
Common violations of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 65 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Many cultures have certain prescriptions for women's and girls' behaviour during menstruation which may amount to harmful traditional and cultural practices, violating not only the right to sanitation but, more broadly, women's and girls' human rights and gender equality. In Nepal, the Supreme Court issued an order to eliminate the practice of chaupadi, which forces menstruating women and girls to sleep in isolation from the rest of the family, in a hut or shed, with risks to their health and security. The Court declared that the practice was discriminatory and violated women's rights. It ordered the Government to conduct a study on the impact of the practice, to create awareness and to take measures to eliminate the tradition. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2014 | ||
Compendium of good practices in the elimination of discrimination against women 2017, para. 36 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Research overwhelmingly indicated that the presence of women in rural governance has had positive impacts on key gendered concerns, including the improvement of health services, water and sanitation facilities, and microcredit schemes for women. Issues related to discrimination and violence against women were also being addressed by women representatives. Additional research showed significant impacts on attitudinal changes and in the elimination of gender stereotypes, demonstrated in shifts in the organization of labour in households, women’s self-perception and increased societal support for girls’ education and future aspirations. These correlations increased in villages where women chairs had been elected a second time. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2017 | ||
Development and people of African descent 2015, para. 52 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Working Group recognizes that women and girls of African descent face multiple, aggravated or intersecting forms of discrimination based on sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, social origin, property, birth, disability or other status. Such discrimination manifests itself in high rates of illiteracy, unemployment, lack of access to health services, quality education, landownership, drinking water and sanitation, and gender-based violence. | Working Group of experts on people of African descent | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 13 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Sanitation facilities and services must be culturally acceptable. Personal sanitation is a highly sensitive issue across regions and cultures and differing perspectives about which sanitation solutions are acceptable must be taken into account regarding the design, positioning and conditions for use of sanitation facilities. In most cultures, toilets must be constructed so as to ensure privacy and dignity. Acceptability often requires separate facilities for women and men in public places, and for girls and boys in schools. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 20 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Certain human rights obligations related to hygiene can be inferred from the rights to water and sanitation, as well as the right to health, the right to food, the right to privacy, human dignity and other human rights. This report focuses on the human rights obligations related to hand-washing at appropriate times, menstrual hygiene, management of child faeces and domestic food hygiene. A working group created under WHO and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation explained that "… various components are considered essential to menstrual hygiene management. The first is that women and adolescent girls use clean materials to absorb or collect menstrual blood, and are able to change them in privacy as often as necessary for the duration of their menstrual period. It also involves using soap and water for washing the body as required, and having access to safe and convenient facilities to dispose of used menstrual management materials. Further, women and girls need access to basic information about the menstrual cycle and how to manage it with dignity and without discomfort or fear." | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 24 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Use of hygiene facilities and services must be available at a price that is affordable to all people. The main costs, other than for installation, are associated with supplying water, soap and cleaning products for hand-washing, food hygiene, home hygiene and washing clothes, and for sanitary napkins or other products required for menstrual hygiene. Paying for these services must not limit people's capacity to acquire other basic goods and services guaranteed by human rights, such as food, housing, health services and education. Assistance should be provided to households or individuals who are unable to afford soap and cleaning products, or sanitary products for women and girls. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 25 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Hygiene facilities and services must be culturally acceptable. Personal hygiene is a highly sensitive issue across regions and cultures. Differing perspectives on the acceptability of hygiene practices must be taken into account regarding the design, positioning and conditions of use for sanitation, hand-washing and menstrual hygiene facilities. Facilities should accommodate hygiene practices in specific cultures, such as anal and genital cleansing, and women's toilets must accommodate menstruation hygiene management needs, particularly with respect to privacy. Menstruation is taboo in many countries, which makes menstrual hygiene a major concern for the health and well-being of women, and particularly of girls, who may not have sufficient knowledge about managing menstruation to be able to develop good practices. Education is necessary at schools, for boys as well as girls, to start to address the social taboos associated with menstruation and menstrual hygiene. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 28 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Achieving equality does not mean that everyone should be treated identically. With respect to water, sanitation and hygiene, human rights requires that everyone has equal access to services; but this does not mean that everyone must enjoy the same type of service, such as flush toilets, as these are not appropriate in all circumstances and contexts. Also some individuals or groups have specific needs such as menstrual hygiene for women and girls. However, States may need to adopt affirmative measures, giving preference to certain groups and individuals in order to redress past discrimination. Social, cultural, economic and political inequalities perpetuate social exclusion, and this needs to be carefully considered in the development of water, sanitation and hygiene service delivery options (see E/C.12/2002/11, para. 17). | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 75 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Considerations of menstrual hygiene are particularly important for issues related to health, education and gender equality. Facilities for menstrual hygiene management must include a system of disposal of sanitary materials and a place for washing reusable materials. Systems should be designed with the participation of users to make sure that they are relevant, appropriate and not liable to increase the stigmatization of girls and women during their periods. Cultural acceptability is essential to determine the type of technology used. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2015 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in economic and social life with a focus on economic crisis 2014, para. 36 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Most countries only track enrolment and not completion rates, yet enrolment is an inherently flawed measure of girls' access to education. Attendance is a better measure, as girls' attendance may be cut short due to domestic responsibilities such as cooking, fetching water and firewood, and childcare; lack of adequate sanitation in schools to meet the needs of menstruating girls; early marriage or pregnancy; and gender-based violence and harassment, including in schools. In situations of economic contraction, as households cope with declining household income, girls are more vulnerable to being pulled out of school, with girls experiencing a 29 per cent decrease in primary school completion rates versus 22 per cent for boys. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2014 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in the area of health and safety, with a focus on the instrumentalization of women's bodies 2016, para. 68 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Menstruation is surrounded by stigma, resulting in the ostracism of and discrimination against women and girls. In some cultures menstruating women and girls are considered to be contaminated and impure and restrictions and interdictions during menstruation are imposed on them. Women and girls may continue to harbour internalized stigma and are embarrassed to discuss menstruation even where there are no restrictions. They live with a lack of privacy for cleaning and washing, a fear of staining and smelling and a lack of hygiene in school toilets or separate sanitation facilities. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2016 | ||
Elimination of all forms of discrimination and violence against the girl child 2007, para. 14.1.c | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission [...] urges Governments [...] to:] [14.1. Poverty] (c) Improve the situation of girl children living in poverty, deprived of nutrition, water and sanitation facilities, with no access to basic health-care services, shelter, education, participation and protection, taking into account that while a severe lack of goods and services hurts every human being, it is most threatening and harmful to the girl child, leaving her unable to enjoy her rights, to reach her full potential and to participate as a full member of society; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2007 | ||
Elimination of all forms of discrimination and violence against the girl child 2007, para. 14.2.l | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission [...] urges Governments [...] to:] [14.2. Education and training] (l) Increase girls' ability to attend school and extra-curricular activities by investing in public infrastructure projects and quality public services, such as transport, water, sanitation and sustainable energy, in order to reduce the amount of time girls spend on everyday routine household maintenance tasks, while also working to change attitudes that reinforce the division of labour based on gender, in order to promote shared family responsibility for work in the home and reduce the domestic work burden for girls; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
|
| 2007 | ||
Financing for the Realization of the Rights to Water and Sanitation 2011, para. 40 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Not all benefits can be monetized. Intangible benefits, such as time saved and dignity gained, warrant careful consideration for their impact on human well-being. The particularly positive impact for women and girls of investing in water and sanitation is crucial for realizing human rights obligations related to gender equality. Environmental benefits are also difficult to put a figure on, but may be enormous, given that improving water and sanitation services helps combat environmental degradation. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2011 | ||
Gender equality in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2016, para. 2 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Many of the challenges to achieving gender equality in access to water, sanitation and hygiene are well documented: where water is not available in the home, women and girls are primarily responsible for water and hygiene at the household level and bear the greatest burden for collecting water. Other challenges related to inequality include access to sanitation, menstrual hygiene and toilets for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex and gender non-conforming people and an increased risk of gender-based violence. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2016 | ||
Gender equality in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2016, para. 3 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Gender inequalities are pervasive at every stage of a women's life: from infancy, through to puberty, parenthood, illness and old age. In the present report, the Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation seeks to underscore the importance of placing a strong focus on the needs of women and girls at all times, throughout their whole lifecycle, and of not overlooking the needs of women and girls with disabilities, living in poverty or suffering from other disadvantages. Gender inequality in access to water and sanitation facilities affect a wide range of other human rights, including women and girls' rights to health, to adequate housing, to education and to food. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2016 | ||
Gender equality in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2016, para. 7 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Non-discrimination and equality are interlinked and are fundamental principles of international human rights law. Lack of access to adequate water, sanitation and hygiene and the inability to participate in their management have in many instances, on a structural basis, left many rights out of women and girls' reach. Laws serve to give individuals a legal claim, may create social expectations and may spur public action. Legal guarantees on gender equality and non-discrimination can help to build political legitimacy to back the enforcement of women's and girls' rights to access to water, sanitation and hygiene. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation | Special Procedures' report |
|
| 2016 |