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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Eliminating discrimination against women in cultural and family life, with a focus on the family as a cultural space 2015, para. 73a (iii) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Working Group recommends that States:] Establish a national legal framework recognizing gender equality in cultural and family life, in accordance with regional and international standards: (iii) Develop national strategies to eradicate cultural practices that discriminate against women and girls, as well as gender stereotypes, through awareness-raising campaigns, educational and informational programmes and stakeholder mobilization. Engage men, as appropriate, in prevention and protection efforts in respect of gender-based discrimination and violence; | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 73 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Any form of discrimination, such as that based on sex, race, ethnicity or religion, against workers must be prohibited. Workers' remuneration must be fair, allowing for a decent living for workers and their family. Equal remuneration for work of equal value must also be ensured without discrimination of any kind; in particular, women must enjoy equal pay with men. Special protection for women during pregnancy, and for persons with disabilities, must also be put in place. To ensure the implementation of these obligations, States must regulate labour markets and establish mechanisms to strengthen the accountability of private actors. A greater number of avenues for dialogue between employers and workers, and the opportunity for workers to participate in the design and implementation of employment policies, will further assist States in meeting their human rights obligations. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 94 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In order to achieve greater equality in sharing unpaid care work between women and men, in general and within households, the solutions must be public as well as private. It is necessary for the State to facilitate, incentivize and support men's caring, for example by ensuring that they have equal rights to employment leave as parents and carers, and providing education and training to men, women and employers. To facilitate long-term change, educational programmes, to be used in schools and communities, should be developed to challenge stereotypical, traditional male and female roles and promote the concept of shared family responsibility for unpaid care work in the home. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 66 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In addition, the nature and forms of trafficking in persons associated with conflict are highly gendered. For example, abduction into military forces affects males and females differently. Men and boys are typically forced into soldiering while women and girls are generally forced into support roles, and they typically face much greater risk of sexual assault as either a primary purpose or an additional manifestation of their exploitation. As previously noted, sexual enslavement, a practice exacerbated by situations of conflict, is highly gendered in that it disproportionately affects women and girls. Other forms of trafficking-related exploitation particular to or especially prevalent in conflict, including forced and temporary marriage, are highly gendered in their motivation and impact, which underscores the importance of a gender analysis in all trafficking prevention efforts and responses. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Core obligations of States parties under article 2 2010, para. 38e | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States parties should also adopt other appropriate measures of implementation such as:] Enlisting all media in public education programmes about the equality of women and men, and ensuring in particular that women are aware of their right to equality without discrimination, of the measures taken by the State party to implement the Convention, and of the concluding observations by the Committee on the reports of the State party; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2010 | ||
Rights of rural women 2016, para. 39h | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States parties should safeguard the right of rural women and girls to adequate health care, and ensure:] The gender-responsive and culturally responsive training of community health workers and traditional birth attendants, the provision of mobile clinics providing affordable health services in remote rural areas, and enhanced health education for rural communities, including education on the sexual and reproductive health and rights of both women and men; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2016 | ||
Implementation of article 8 of the Convention 1988, para. 2 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Recommends that States parties take further direct measures in accordance with article 4 of the Convention to ensure the full implementation of article 8 of the Convention and to ensure to women on equal terms with men and without any discrimination the opportunities to represent their Government at the international level and to participate in the work of international organizations. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 1988 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 63b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In the light of the foregoing, the Committee recommends that States parties that have not already done so:] Review and reform their nationality laws to ensure equality of women and men with regard to the acquisition, changing and retention of nationality and to enable women to transmit their nationality to their children and to their foreign spouses and to ensure that any obstacles to practical implementation of such laws are removed, in full compliance with articles 1 to 3 and 9 of the Convention; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Women’s access to justice 2015, para. 25a (iii) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Committee recommends that States parties:] [Ensure that the principle of equality before the law is given effect by taking steps to abolish any existing laws, procedures, regulations, jurisprudence, customs and practices that directly or indirectly discriminate against women, especially with regard to their access to justice, and to abolish discriminatory barriers to access to justice, including:] Corroboration rules that discriminate against women as witnesses, complainants and defendants by requiring them to discharge a higher burden of proof than men in order to establish an offence or seek a remedy; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2015 | ||
Women’s access to justice 2015, para. 25a (v) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Committee recommends that States parties:] [Ensure that the principle of equality before the law is given effect by taking steps to abolish any existing laws, procedures, regulations, jurisprudence, customs and practices that directly or indirectly discriminate against women, especially with regard to their access to justice, and to abolish discriminatory barriers to access to justice, including:] Lack of measures to ensure equal conditions between women and men during the preparation, conduct and aftermath of cases; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2015 | ||
Rights of rural women 2016, para. 54a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [To ensure the active, free, effective, meaningful and informed participation of rural women in political and public life, and at all levels of decision-making, States parties should implement general recommendations Nos. 23 and 25, and specifically:] Establish quotas and targets for rural women's representation in decision-making positions, specifically in parliaments and governance bodies at all levels, including in land, forestry, fishery and water governance bodies, as well as natural resource management. In this regard, clear objectives and time frames should be in place to reach substantive equality of women and men; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2016 | ||
The importance of social protection measures in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2010, para. 101 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Poverty is not gender-neutral, and any approach to social protection that is aimed at achieving the Millennium Development Goals while respecting human rights must take account of the fact that women and men experience poverty differently. Numerous studies have shown a positive link between improvement in terms of women's access to health care, education and other social benefits, and economic growth, the reduction of income poverty and overall progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Gender equality is a development objective to which gender-aware social protection can contribute. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 78 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Multi-stakeholder initiatives should ensure that assurance providers and auditors have demonstrated knowledge and experience in assessing compliance with labour-related standards and in interviewing workers on an ongoing basis. When risk indicators are identified, the initiatives should consider requiring the collaboration of assurance providers and auditors with civil society organizations that are specialized in victim identification and that provide specialized services for trafficked persons. Multi-stakeholder initiatives should ensure that specialized services address gender concerns and that services are offered to both men and women. They should also consider including forced labour and human trafficking experts in oversight bodies. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Eliminating discrimination against women in cultural and family life, with a focus on the family as a cultural space 2015, para. 73d (v) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [According to general recommendation No. 29 of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the family is a social and legal construct and, in various countries, a religious construct. It also is an economic construct. The Working Group recommends that States:] Recognize women as heads of family on an equal basis with men so that they may enjoy the same financial or social benefits; | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Regional and subregional cooperation in promoting a human rights-based approach to combatting trafficking in persons 2010, para. 108 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Regional cooperation instruments and plans of action should promote the ratification of international human rights law instruments, including the Palermo Protocol. In particular, they should contain a commitment by all countries to adopt the Palermo Protocol definition of human trafficking, which covers trafficking of all persons, women, children and men, and in all its forms, including for sexual exploitation, labour exploitation, slavery or practices similar to slavery, organ transplantation and other exploitative reasons. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Discussion on "Recognition through Education, Cultural Rights and Data Collection" 2013, para. 55 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The right to education is not enjoyed equally by all; millions of girls, boys, women and men of African descent suffer disproportionately from unequal access to quality education. Failure to ensure equal access to education robs people of their opportunity to reach their full human potential and to contribute to the development of their own communities and society at large. | Working Group of experts on people of African descent | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Development and people of African descent 2015, para. 50 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The right to education is not enjoyed equally by all; millions of girls, boys, women and men of African descent suffer disproportionately from unequal access to quality education. Failure to ensure equal access to education robs people of their opportunity to reach their full human potential and to contribute to the development of their own communities and society at large. | Working Group of experts on people of African descent | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Overview of main observations of five years fact-finding and research 2010, para. 77c | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In building upon the general recommendations elaborated by his distinguished predecessor, Theo van Boven, in 2003, the Special Rapporteur wishes to particularly stress the following recommendations:] All States and the international community are requested to provide the resources necessary to develop national systems for the administration of justice that provide all human beings with equal access to justice and the right to a fair trial at all stages of criminal proceedings. In particular, judges, prosecutors, lawyers, police and prison officials shall be selected, educated and paid properly and in sufficient number. Effective measures for combating corruption in the administration of justice shall be taken. Judges shall be fully independent from the executive and legislative branches of Government and shall exercise judicial functions with impartiality and professionalism. Pretrial detention of criminal suspects shall be the exception, not the rule, and shall last for as little time as possible. Pretrial detainees shall be separated from convicted prisoners, children from adults, women from men. The main aim of correctional institutions shall be the rehabilitation of offenders and their reintegration into society. Punitive policies of criminal justice shall be brought in line with this important aim, provided for in article 10 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, by means of structural reforms of the administration of justice; | Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 77b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Concerned governmental institutions, law enforcement authorities, civil society organizations, academia, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations should undertake further research on the different forms of trafficking in persons in relation to conflict and post-conflict situations, including on:] The linkage between gender and trafficking in persons in conflicts, not only with regard to girls and women but also boys and men; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Women’s access to justice 2015, para. 51l | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Committee recommends that States parties:] Abolish discriminatory criminalization and review and monitor all criminal procedures to ensure that they do not directly or indirectly discriminate against women; decriminalize forms of behaviour that are not criminalized or punished as harshly if they are performed by men; decriminalize forms of behaviour that can be performed only by women, such as abortion; and act with due diligence to prevent and provide redress for crimes that disproportionately or solely affect women, whether perpetrated by State or non-State actors; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2015 | ||
Rights of rural women 2016, para. 54c | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [To ensure the active, free, effective, meaningful and informed participation of rural women in political and public life, and at all levels of decision-making, States parties should implement general recommendations Nos. 23 and 25, and specifically:] Address unequal power relations between women and men, including in decision-making and political processes at the community level, and remove barriers to rural women's participation in community life through the establishment of effective and gender-responsive rural decision-making structures. States parties should develop action plans that address practical barriers to rural women's participation in community life and implement campaigns to raise awareness about the importance of their participation in community decision-making; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 61 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In addition, the nature and form of trafficking in persons associated with conflict are highly gendered. For example, abduction into military forces affects males and females differently. Men and boys are typically forced into soldiering while women and girls are generally forced into support roles and typically face much greater risk of sexual assault as either a primary purpose or an additional manifestation of their exploitation. As previously noted, sexual enslavement, a practice exacerbated by situations of conflict, is highly gendered in that it disproportionately affects women and girls. Other forms of trafficking-related exploitation particular to or especially prevalent in conflict, including forced and temporary marriage, are highly gendered in their motivation and impact, which underscores the importance of a gender analysis in all trafficking prevention efforts and responses. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Access to land and the right to food 2010, para. 42b (ii) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In order to ensure the enjoyment of the right to food, States should:] Ensure that market-led land reforms are compatible with human rights. If, despite the reservations expressed in the present report, States choose to seek to improve security of tenure through titling programmes and the creation of land rights markets, they should: Ensure that titling schemes benefit women and men equally, correcting existing imbalances if necessary; | Special Rapporteur on the right to food | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Core obligations of States parties under article 2 2010, para. 37a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In order to satisfy the requirement of "appropriateness", the means adopted by States parties must address all aspects of their general obligations under the Convention to respect, protect, promote and fulfil women's right to non-discrimination and to the enjoyment of equality with men. Thus the terms "appropriate means" and "appropriate measures" used in article 2 and other articles of the Convention comprise measures ensuring that a State party:] Abstains from performing, sponsoring or condoning any practice, policy or measure that violates the Convention (respect); | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2010 | ||
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 108 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Support, including financial support, should be given to the work of women's organizations and men's groups challenging the gender norms that allocate responsibility for care work to women and girls. | Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
Stocktaking exercise on the work of the mandate on its tenth Anniversary 2014, para. 58a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Future mandate holders could focus on conceptual and definitional overlaps; the consequences of a human rights-based approach to trafficking; measuring the impact of anti-trafficking interventions, corruption and trafficking; and the effectiveness of victim identification tools. They should:] Consider undertaking studies in relation to emerging areas of concern, such as illicit recruitment practices, trafficking in men for forced and exploitative labour, trafficking for forced begging and criminal activities, trafficking for forced or servile marriage and return and the risk of retrafficking. They should also consider giving further attention to trafficking in persons for the removal of organs in continuation of the initial work undertaken by the Special Rapporteur; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 79a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Future mandate holders could focus on conceptual and definitional overlaps; the consequences of a human rights-based approach to trafficking; measuring the impact of anti-trafficking interventions, corruption and trafficking; and the effectiveness of victim identification tools. They should:] Consider undertaking studies in relation to emerging areas of concern, such as (i) illicit recruitment practices, (ii) trafficking in men for forced and exploitative labour, (iii) trafficking for forced begging and criminal activities, (iv) trafficking for forced or servile marriage and (v) return and the risk of retrafficking. They should consider giving further attention to trafficking in persons for the removal of organs in continuation of the initial work undertaken by the Special Rapporteur; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Women’s access to justice 2015, para. 35b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Committee recommends that States parties:] Develop and implement measures to raise awareness among the media and the population, in close collaboration with communities and civil society organizations, of the right of women to have access to justice. Such measures should be multidimensional and directed at girls and women, as well as boys and men, and should take account of the relevance and potential of ICT to transform cultural and social stereotypes; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2015 | ||
Due diligence and trafficking in persons 2015, para. 52 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Due diligence requires respect for the principle of non-punishment of victims as well as the removal of barriers in access to justice, including any limitations regarding residence or other personal status. This includes the adoption of gender-specific measures that take into account the different assistance and protection needs of women and men, girls, and boys and overcome discriminatory barriers to accessing remedies. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Violence against women 1992, para. 24t (ii) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In light of these comments, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women recommends:] That States parties should take all legal and other measures that are necessary to provide effective protection of women against gender-based violence, including, inter alia: Preventive measures, including public information and education programmes to change attitudes concerning the roles and status of men and women; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 1992 |