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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Elimination and prevention of all forms of violence against women and girls 2013, para. 34uu | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges governments, at all levels[...] to take the following actions:] [Addressing structural and underlying causes and risk factors so as to prevent violence against women and girls]: Develop and support existing policies and programmes targeting children and young people, especially women, who have experienced or witnessed domestic violence or sexual abuse, including protection for children in the justice system, so as to reduce the risk of their possible revictimization or perpetration of violence and restore their health; and implement such programmes in a gender-responsive manner with the meaningful participation of young people, civil society and women's and youth organizations, and educational and health institutions; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2013 | ||
Elimination and prevention of all forms of violence against women and girls 2013, para. 34ll | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges governments, at all levels[...] to take the following actions:] [Addressing structural and underlying causes and risk factors so as to prevent violence against women and girls]: Carry out awareness-raising and education campaigns, in cooperation with civil society organizations, especially women's organizations, through different means of communication, targeting the general public, young people, men and boys, to address the structural and underlying causes of violence and abuse against women and girls; to overcome gender stereotypes and promote zero tolerance for such violence; to remove the stigma of being a victim and survivor of violence; and to create an enabling environment where women and girls can easily report incidences of violence and make use of the services available and of protection and assistance programmes; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2013 | ||
Elimination and prevention of all forms of violence against women and girls 2013, para. 34aaa | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges governments, at all levels[...] to take the following actions:] [Addressing structural and underlying causes and risk factors so as to prevent violence against women and girls]: Condemn and take action to prevent violence against women and girls in health-care settings, including sexual harassment, humiliation and forced medical procedures, or those conducted without informed consent, and which may be irreversible, such as forced hysterectomy, forced caesarean section, forced sterilization, forced abortion, and forced use of contraceptives, especially for particularly vulnerable and disadvantaged women and girls, such as those living with HIV, women and girls with disabilities, indigenous and Afro-descendent women and girls, pregnant adolescents and young mothers, older women, and women and girls from national or ethnic minorities; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2013 | ||
Elimination and prevention of all forms of violence against women and girls 2013, para. 34mm | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Commission urges governments, at all levels[...] to take the following actions:] [Addressing structural and underlying causes and risk factors so as to prevent violence against women and girls]: Mobilize communities and institutions to address and change attitudes, behaviours and practices that perpetuate and condone gender stereotypes and all forms of discrimination and violence against women and girls, by engaging with women's and youth organizations, national machineries for the advancement of women, national human rights institutions where they exist, schools, educational and media institutions and others directly working with women and girls, men and boys and with individuals at all levels of society and in all settings, religious and community leaders and elders, teachers and parents; | Commission on the Status of Women | CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration |
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| 2013 | ||
Key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action of the of the International Conference on Population and Development 1999, para. 42 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | 42. Governments should promote and protect the human rights of the girl child and young women, which include economic and social rights as well as freedom from coercion, discrimination and violence, including harmful practices and sexual exploitation. Governments should review all legislation and amend and revoke that which discriminates against the girl child and young women. | United Nations General Assembly | Declaration / Confererence outcome document |
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| 1999 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 83 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Responses to young people associated with violent acts often emphasize punitive approaches. That is especially the case when they belong to a gang, although with little distinction between levels of responsibility within such groups. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2015 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 36 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Girls and young women with disabilities also encounter significant challenges when attempting to access justice, prevention mechanisms and response services for sexual and gender-based violence. Sexual assault is often underreported, and even more so when the individual has a disability. Girls and young women with disabilities face numerous challenges when reporting abuses, such as the risk of being removed from their homes and institutionalized; stigmatization; fears with regard to single parenthood or losing child custody; the absence or inaccessibility of violence prevention programmes and facilities; the fear of the loss of assistive devices and other supports; and the fear of retaliation and further violence by those on whom they are both emotionally and financially dependent (see A/67/227, para. 59). In addition, when, as survivors of sexual violence, they report the abuse or seek assistance or protection from judicial or law enforcement officials, teachers, health professionals, social workers or others, their testimony, especially that of girls and women with intellectual disabilities, is generally not considered credible, and they are therefore disregarded as competent witnesses, resulting in perpetrators avoiding prosecution. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 87 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In the open debate held with child representatives, the young participants at the ASEAN Children's Forum stressed the urgency for action, especially in relation to the emerging threats posed by online abuse and cyberbullying, and reaffirmed their decisive role as agents of change to bring an end to violence. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2016 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 86 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The ASEAN Children's Forum provided a strategic platform for children from across ASEAN to reflect together on key concerns facing children and young people in the region and to propose recommendations to strengthen the protection of children from violence, secure online safety and fight trafficking. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2016 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 80 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Children and adolescents in vulnerable situations are easy targets for transnational crime organizations dealing with stolen vehicles or goods, weapons, drugs, metals or persons. Occupying subordinate roles, the youngsters are seen as disposable labour and exposed to a high risk of violence. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2015 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 31 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Ensuring that the protection of children from violence remains at the centre of the post-2015 development agenda has been a high priority for the Special Representative, as has including in the process those who are most affected: children and young people themselves. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2015 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 77 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Institutionalized gangs may become business enterprises within the informal economy and a few are linked to international criminal cartels. However, not every group of young people is a gang and not all gangs are the same. Gangs are not all violent and only some are linked to organized crime. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2015 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 113 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Society demands strong responses when violence occurs and crimes are committed. However, ensuring accountability for those acts can be achieved through channels other than just the formal criminal justice system, especially when children and young people are the alleged perpetrators. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2015 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 44 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Thirdly, it is imperative to include in this process those who are most affected. Children and young people need to be provided with genuine opportunities and platforms to share their views and experience of violence, and to actively influence the shaping of the future agenda, as true partners and agents of change. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2014 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 50 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Restorative justice promotes a paradigm shift: rather than assess how much punishment is inflicted, it measures how much harm is repaired or how much recurrence of violence is prevented through an effective process of reintegration of young offenders into society. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2013 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 74 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Over recent years, the participation of children and young people in the promotion of actions to address violence against children has been significant. Their contribution to the study was essential and their involvement continues to be critical for the steps ahead. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2010 | ||
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2016, para. 11 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Purely military and security approaches have not proved effective in addressing extreme violence; prevention must be a key component of response strategies. Extreme violence does not occur in a vacuum, which is why it is necessary, as a first step to finding a lasting solution, to identify and address its root causes and catalysts, such as poverty, lack of good governance, political grievances, the alienation of communities and lack of opportunities for youth. Action is required by the international community, regional organizations and individual Member States to mobilize resources to build resilience and strengthen protective environments for children. In countries affected by conflict, education is one tool that can help to prevent social exclusion and promote respect for human rights, peace and diversity, and reduce the vulnerability of children. In addition, the effective reintegration of children associated with armed groups is crucial. Indoctrination and trauma from exposure to extreme violence can increase the complexity of reintegrating children into their former communities. In addition, a new and compounding challenge for Member States is the regular use, by groups perpetrating extreme violence, of propaganda on the Internet and social media to recruit youth and children. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict | SRSG report |
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| 2016 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 47 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Over recent years, the participation of children and young people in the promotion of actions to address violence against children has been significant. Their contribution to the study was essential and their involvement continues to be critical for the steps ahead. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2010 | ||
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 35 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Sexual harassment at school and at the workplace is acknowledged as a pervasive manifestation of violence. In El Salvador, the Special Rapporteur heard testimonies of the working conditions of young women working in the maquila plants, where they were subjected to verbal and physical abuse by supervisors, sexual harassment, and mandatory pregnancy tests. Sexual harassment in educational and training institutions in Algeria was pervasive and underreported at the time of the visit of the Special Rapporteur, despite commendable steps by the authorities to criminalize sexual harassment based on abuse of authority. The visit to the United States revealed the particular vulnerability of undocumented immigrant women to violence, including sexual harassment and abuse, in the workplace. Sexual and physical violence against girls in educational establishments perpetrated by male school staff and school boys remains problematic, as reported during the visit of the Special Rapporteur in Zambia. Long distances from home to school also increased risk of harassment, with girls reportedly having sexual relationships with minibus and taxi drivers as a way of coping with transportation costs. | Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2011 | ||
Servile marriage 2012, para. 48 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Reports also indicate that relentless pressure and emotional blackmail are used by parents and families to force young girls into unwanted marriages. More extreme forms of pressure can involve threatening behaviour, abduction, imprisonment, physical violence, rape and, in some cases, murder. | Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Child participation 2012, para. 81 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Children and young people are often more familiar with and exposed to evolving technology than adults, yet they continue to play a relatively modest role in the development and implementation of strategies to prevent and combat child pornography online. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Child participation 2012, para. 72 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In the United Kingdom, a prevention programme on sexual exploitation, administered by Nia (an organization that works towards the prevention of violence against children and the protection of victims of gender-based violence) in partnership with the Children's Society, developed and ran a train-the-trainers programme in which young people were trained to deliver training to professionals and other young people. The aim was to equip young people with information on sexual exploitation and to develop creative ways to engage participants in the learning process. The young people co-facilitated training sessions for professionals, in addition to giving presentations and workshops at various conferences and youth centres. The response from the trainers was unanimously positive; all felt that the experience had boosted their self-esteem, increased their own awareness of sexual exploitation and given them presentation skills. While the young people reportedly experienced rudeness and haughty behaviour from some professionals, they found the majority open and genuinely interested in hearing their viewpoint. The project benefited both the participants and the professionals by showing them another perspective and the unique knowledge of young people. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2012 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 22 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Other practices such as forced marriage that are in effect in certain parts of the world can be considered "sale for purposes of sexual exploitation". One manifestation of this, among others, is that young girls are given as wives to men - often older men - in exchange for money. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 55 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The rape and sexual exploitation of young girls and women have been used as veritable weapons of war during conflict. The physical and psychological consequences are significant for the victims, who often find themselves stigmatized and marginalized and hence more vulnerable. | Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2010 | ||
Right to health in conflict situations 2013, para. 45 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Mass displacement, breakdown of community and family networks, and institutional collapse may create a vacuum in which women and young girls are vulnerable to sexual violence. They face a heightened risk of sexual exploitation and trafficking, as well as increased domestic violence and abuse from family members. Health facilities that lack qualified health professionals, patient referral mechanisms and psychological counselling may be unable to identify and respond to these forms of conflict-related sexual violence. This is especially true when health services are restricted to sexual violence perpetrated by armed groups. The stigma associated with sexual violence and HIV and the absence of adequate protection mechanisms may also contribute to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Stigma, abandonment by families and communities, and retribution from perpetrators create an atmosphere that perpetuates gender-based violence and leads to the exclusion and disempowerment of survivors. The failure to provide services that promote the safety and respect the confidentiality of survivors undermines their full participation in society, particularly in post-conflict reconstruction efforts. | Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2013 | ||
The right of the child to freedom of expression 2014, para. 70 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In the case of sexual exploitation, for example, advances in technology, including faster Internet connections and new ways of transmitting material that circumvent Internet service providers, have facilitated the sharing of images involving child abuse. Cybergrooming also involves the use of the Internet, this time to "befriend" and facilitate online sexual contact or a physical meeting with a child or young person for the purpose of committing sexual abuse. Offenders often use online forums such as chat rooms, social networking sites and instant messaging for this purpose; these "deconstruct traditional boundaries of privacy" and result in children being exposed to risks. Lastly, cyberbullying is understood as the psychological bullying and hazing by adults or other children through information and communications technologies. Cyberbullying can take various forms, including threats and intimidation, harassment, cyberstalking, vilification and defamation, exclusion or peer rejection, impersonation, unauthorized publication of private information or images, and manipulation. This is particularly problematic for groups that are already considered vulnerable in society. | Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Children in street situations 2017, para. 29 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Children in street situations are at risk of, inter alia: extrajudicial killings by State agents; murder by adults or peers, including murder linked to so-called vigilante justice, and association with/targeting by criminal individuals and gangs, and when the State does not prevent such crimes; exposure to potentially life-threatening conditions associated with hazardous forms of child labour, traffic accidents, substance abuse, commercial sexual exploitation and unsafe sexual practices; and death due to lack of access to adequate nutrition, health care and shelter. The right to life should not be interpreted narrowly. It concerns individuals’ entitlement to be free from acts and omissions intended or expected to cause their unnatural or premature death, and to enjoy a life with dignity. In 1999, in the case of the torture and murder by police of three children and two young people in street situations in 1990, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruled that arbitrary privation of life is not limited to the illegal act of homicide, but extends to the deprivation of the right to live with dignity. This conception of the right to life extends not only to civil and political rights but also to economic, social and cultural rights. The need to protect the most vulnerable people — as in the case of street children — definitely requires an interpretation of the right to life that encompasses the minimum conditions for a life with dignity. | Committee on the Rights of the Child | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2017 | ||
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 39 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Violence and discrimination often appear not as singular events but as part of a prolonged vicious circle. They are multiple and multiplied — inextricably linked emotionally, psychologically, physically and structurally. They intersect in a variety of ways, and most clearly where the victim is not only attacked or discriminated against for having a different sexual orientation and gender identity but also on grounds of race, ethnic origin, age, gender, or membership of a minority or indigenous community. The person might also be a child, a young girl, an intersex person, a refugee, an internally displaced person, a migrant worker, a person with a disability, and more. This intersectionality involves a conglomeration of incidents, actors, perpetrators, and victims — the latter being revictimized an infinite number of times, possibly in different phases of life. The situation becomes aggravated precisely because of the convoluted nature of the phenomenon, where crimes are replicated against the same victims and where impunity prevails subsequently, from the home to the school, to the community, to the nation State and to the international spectrum. In today’s cyber world and social media, incitement to hatred and violence driven by hate speech relating to sexual orientation and gender identity has an exponential reach, spinning the web of violations in real time and into the future. | Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 73 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Young people may produce sexually explicit material as a result of peer pressure or as part of an "intimate" relationship. In both cases there is a real risk of the material being viewed by people for whom it was not intended. When such material falls into the wrong hands it can be used to blackmail children and young people into engaging in further risky behaviour, a criminal strategy commonly referred to as sextortion. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2016 | ||
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 20 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Acting as bridge builder and global independent advocate of the prevention and elimination of all forms of violence against children, the Special Representative promotes children's freedom from violence in cooperation with United Nations partners, regional organizations, Governments, civil society, academia, professional networks, independent children's rights institutions, religious and community leaders, the private sector, and children and young people. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children | SRSG report |
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| 2016 |