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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living 2007, para. 3 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Expresses concern at the prevalence of homelessness and inadequate housing, the growth of slums worldwide, forced evictions, the increase in challenges faced by migrants in relation to adequate housing, as well as of refugees in conflict and post-conflict situations, challenges to the full enjoyment of the right to adequate housing caused by the impact of climate change, natural disasters and pollution, insecurity of tenure, unequal rights of men and women to property and inheritance, as well as other violations of and impediments to the full realization of the right to adequate housing; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2007 | ||
Violence against women migrant workers 1997, para. 1 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Bearing in mind the Charter of the United Nations, which reaffirms faith in human rights and fundamental freedoms, in the dignity and worth of the human person, and in the equal rights of women and men, | Commission on the Status of Women | Resolution |
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| 1997 | ||
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 22 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | One fourth of all households world wide are headed by women and many other households are dependent on female income even where men are present. Female- maintained households are very often among the poorest because of wage discrimination, occupational segregation patterns in the labour market and other gender-based barriers. Family disintegration, population movements between urban and rural areas within countries, international migration, war and internal displacements are factors contributing to the rise of female-headed households. | Fourth World Conference on Women | Declaration / Confererence outcome document |
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| 1995 | ||
Gender equality and the empowerment of women in natural disasters 2012, para. 2h | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Urges Governments and, where appropriate, United Nations entities, civil society, including non-governmental organizations and the private sector, and other stakeholders to:] Design, implement and evaluate gender-sensitive economic relief and recovery projects, including vocational and technical skills training measures, in order to help ensure equal economic opportunities between men and women, paying attention to eliminating obstacles to women's rapid integration or reintegration into the formal employment sector, owing to their role in the social and economic process, and taking into account the rural and urban migration that natural disasters may provoke; | Commission on the Status of Women | Resolution |
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| 2012 | ||
Violence against women migrant workers 1995, para. 1 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Bearing in mind the Charter of the United Nations, which reaffirms faiths in human rights and fundamental freedoms, in the dignity and worth of the human person, and in the equal rights of women and men, | Commission on the Status of Women | Resolution |
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| 1995 | ||
Violence against women migrant workers 1996, para. 1 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Bearing in mind the Charter of the United Nations, which reaffirms faith in human rights and fundamental freedoms, in the dignity and worth of the human person, and in the equal rights of women and men, | Commission on the Status of Women | Resolution |
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| 1996 | ||
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 36 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Global trends have brought profound changes in family survival strategies and structures. Rural to urban migration has increased substantially in all regions. The global urban population is projected to reach 47 per cent of the total population by the year 2000. An estimated 125 million people are migrants, refugees and displaced persons, half of whom live in developing countries. These massive movements of people have profound consequences for family structures and well-being and have unequal consequences for women and men, including in many cases the sexual exploitation of women. | Fourth World Conference on Women | Declaration / Confererence outcome document |
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| 1995 | ||
Gender equality and the empowerment of women in natural disasters 2014, para. 4j | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Urges Governments and, where appropriate, United Nations entities, civil society, including non-governmental organizations and the private sector, and other stakeholders:] To design, implement and evaluate gender-responsive economic relief and longer-term recovery projects, including vocational and technical skills training measures, in order to help ensure equal economic opportunities for men and women, paying attention to eliminating obstacles to women's rapid integration or reintegration into the formal employment sector, owing to their role in the social and economic process, and taking into account the rural and urban migration that natural disasters may provoke; | Commission on the Status of Women | Resolution |
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| 2014 | ||
Further actions and initiatives to implement the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 2000, para. 98b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Promote and protect the human rights of all migrant women and implement policies to address the specific needs of documented migrant women and, where necessary, tackle the existing inequalities between men and women migrants to ensure gender equality; | United Nations General Assembly | Declaration / Confererence outcome document |
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| 2000 | ||
Violence against women migrant workers 2017, para. 25 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Recognizing also that violence against women and girls, in particular migrant women, is rooted in historical and structural inequality in power relations between women and men, which further reinforces gender stereotypes and barriers to the full enjoyment by women and girls of their human rights, | United Nations General Assembly | Resolution |
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| 2017 | ||
Trafficking in women and girls 2004, para. 13 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Seriously concerned at the increasing number of women and girl children from developing countries and from some countries with economies in transition who are being trafficked to developed countries, as well as within and between regions and States, and concerned that men and boys are also victims of trafficking, | United Nations Commission on Human Rights | Resolution |
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| 2004 | ||
Conclusion on Protracted Refugee Situations 2009, para. (k) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Recognizes that protracted refugee situations can increase the risks to which refugees may be exposed and that, in this respect, there is a need to identify and respond effectively to the specific protection concerns of men, women, girls and boys, in particular, unaccompanied and separated children, adolescents, persons with disabilities, and older persons, who may be exposed to heightened risks, including sexual and gender-based violence and other forms of violence and exploitation; and encourages UNHCR and States to pursue age, gender and diversity mainstreaming and participatory approaches with a view to enhancing the safety, well-being and development of refugees and promoting appropriate solutions for them; | Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | ExCom Conclusion |
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| 2009 | ||
Article 3: The equality of rights between men and women - replaces GC No. 4 2000, para. 16 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | As regards article 12, States parties should provide information on any legal provision or any practice which restricts women's right to freedom of movement, for example the exercise of marital powers over the wife or of parental powers over adult daughters; legal or de facto requirements which prevent women from travelling, such as the requirement of consent of a third party to the issuance of a passport or other type of travel documents to an adult woman. States parties should also report on measures taken to eliminate such laws and practices and to protect women against them, including reference to available domestic remedies (see general comment No. 27, paragraphs 6 and 18). | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2000 | ||
Women migrant workers 2008, para. 16 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Women migrant workers may be unable to save or transmit savings safely through regular channels due to isolation (for domestic workers), cumbersome procedures, language barriers, or high transaction costs. This is a great problem since in general they earn less than men. Women may further face familial obligations to remit all their earnings to their families to a degree that may not be expected of men. For example, single women may be expected to support even extended family members at home. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2008 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 62 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Articles 1 to 3 of the Convention also support the right of women to benefit, on an equal basis with men, from naturalization for themselves and their spouses. Discrimination against women in this respect impedes the reduction of statelessness. The same holds true when women are unable to confer their nationality on their stateless spouses. It may also create further risks of statelessness in the case of children born out of such unions. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Global trends in risks and threats facing human rights defenders 2015, para. 63 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In addition, women defenders complained of gaps in the responses of the various mechanisms and organizations that do not take men-women issues sufficiently into account (for instance, in resettlement programmes, from which families are often excluded). Women defenders likewise mentioned the need for them to be included from the outset in the preparation of programmes to protect them, in order to get away from a sometime paternalistic approach that plays down the challenges they face. | Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2015 | ||
Personal Security of Refugees 1993, para. (b) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Urges States to take all measures necessary to prevent or remove threats to the personal security of refugees and asylum-seekers in border areas and elsewhere, including by affording UNHCR and, as appropriate, other organizations approved by the Governments concerned prompt and unhindered access to them, by situating refugee camps and settlements in secure locations, by ensuring the safety of vulnerable groups, by facilitating the issuance of personal documentation, and by involving the refugee community, both women and men, in the organization and administration of their camps and settlements; | Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | ExCom Conclusion |
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| 1993 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 61b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Article 9 (2) of the Convention requires States parties to ensure that women and men have equal rights to confer their nationality to their children. The non-fulfilment by States parties of their obligations under article 9 (2) places children at risk of statelessness. Nationality laws that grant nationality through paternal descent alone infringe article 9 (2) and may render children stateless if:] The laws of the father's country do not permit him to confer nationality in certain circumstances, such as when the child is born abroad; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 61c | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Article 9 (2) of the Convention requires States parties to ensure that women and men have equal rights to confer their nationality to their children. The non-fulfilment by States parties of their obligations under article 9 (2) places children at risk of statelessness. Nationality laws that grant nationality through paternal descent alone infringe article 9 (2) and may render children stateless if:] The father is unknown or not married to the mother at the time of the child's birth; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 63b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In the light of the foregoing, the Committee recommends that States parties that have not already done so:] Review and reform their nationality laws to ensure equality of women and men with regard to the acquisition, changing and retention of nationality and to enable women to transmit their nationality to their children and to their foreign spouses and to ensure that any obstacles to practical implementation of such laws are removed, in full compliance with articles 1 to 3 and 9 of the Convention; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 59 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Article 9 of the Convention establishes that women enjoy the rights to acquire, change or retain their nationality and to confer their nationality on their children on an equal basis with men. The Committee has interpreted that this right also applies to spouses. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Stocktaking exercise on the work of the mandate on its tenth Anniversary 2014, para. 53 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Partners have emphasized that the mandate holders could make a further contribution to the understanding of trafficking in persons by continuing to provide greater clarity on emerging and new forms of trafficking. Some themes proposed in this regard include trafficking for the purpose of forced labour (outside the sex sector), begging, criminality and forced marriage. The issue of trafficking of men and boys and the link between trafficking and corruption were also proposed. Further research on trafficking in persons for the purpose of organ removal and on prosecutions and punishments was deemed useful to determine the types of penalty imposed on traffickers and to what extent they acted as a deterrent. A focus on strengthening the accountability of non-State actors and the engagement of civil society in the efforts to combat trafficking in persons was also suggested. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 | ||
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 78 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Multi-stakeholder initiatives should ensure that assurance providers and auditors have demonstrated knowledge and experience in assessing compliance with labour-related standards and in interviewing workers on an ongoing basis. When risk indicators are identified, the initiatives should consider requiring the collaboration of assurance providers and auditors with civil society organizations that are specialized in victim identification and that provide specialized services for trafficked persons. Multi-stakeholder initiatives should ensure that specialized services address gender concerns and that services are offered to both men and women. They should also consider including forced labour and human trafficking experts in oversight bodies. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 52 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Article 9 (2) of the Convention provides that women are to have the same rights as men to acquire, retain or change their nationality, regardless of marriage and divorce and of what their husbands do with their own nationality. Women are also, according to the Convention, to transmit their nationality to their children under the same conditions as their husbands, whether they are in their own country or abroad. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention) 2009, para. 4 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Women and men as well as separated and unaccompanied children shall have equal rights to obtain such necessary identity documents and shall have the right to have such documentation issued in their own names. | African Union | Regional treaty |
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| 2009 | ||
Women migrant workers 2008, para. 11 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Women migrant workers may face sex- and gender-based discrimination, including compulsory HIV and AIDS testing for women returnees, moral "rehabilitation" for young women returnees and increased personal and social costs compared to men, without adequate gender-responsive services. For example, men may return to a stable family situation, whereas women may find disintegration of the family upon their return, with their absence from home regarded as the cause of such disintegration. There may also be a lack of protection against reprisals from exploitative recruiting agents. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2008 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 61a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Article 9 (2) of the Convention requires States parties to ensure that women and men have equal rights to confer their nationality to their children. The non-fulfilment by States parties of their obligations under article 9 (2) places children at risk of statelessness. Nationality laws that grant nationality through paternal descent alone infringe article 9 (2) and may render children stateless if:] The father is stateless; | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
The impact of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements on the human rights of migrants 2016, para. 59 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Women, particularly those in the care sector, are especially vulnerable to exploitation and abuse, as they work in physical and social isolation. Men too may experience abuse and exploitation, in sectors such as construction and agriculture. The Special Rapporteur believes in the importance of trade agreements providing all migrants with the opportunity to seek redress for human rights and labour standards violations, without fear of detection, detention and deportation. | Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 61e | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Article 9 (2) of the Convention requires States parties to ensure that women and men have equal rights to confer their nationality to their children. The non-fulfilment by States parties of their obligations under article 9 (2) places children at risk of statelessness. Nationality laws that grant nationality through paternal descent alone infringe article 9 (2) and may render children stateless if:] The father has been unwilling to fulfil administrative steps to confer his nationality or acquire proof of nationality for his children, for example if he has abandoned the family. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Stocktaking exercise on the work of the mandate on its tenth Anniversary 2014, para. 18 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The impact of country visits on anti-trafficking efforts at the national, regional and international levels has also been noted by partners. In this regard, the Special Rapporteur was pleased to learn that the recommendations she made to Member States, following country visits, for reforming national legislative and anti-trafficking policy frameworks in line with international norms had largely been implemented. This has meant shifts in policy and practice around trafficking. For example, in Morocco, a new migration policy includes measures to address trafficking in persons; in Japan, the action plan to combat trafficking in persons now covers all elements of the international definition of trafficking and includes specific provisions for trafficking in men and boys; in Australia, the national action plan to combat human trafficking and slavery is set to address a number of her recommendations; and in Belarus, the national plan of action for gender equality includes measures for the protection of, and assistance to, victims of trafficking. The establishment of, or amendments to, national anti-trafficking laws in conformity with the definition in the Palermo Protocol and the ratification of international and regional instruments for the protection of victims of trafficking were also positive achievements following a country visit by the Special Rapporteur. In that regard, States, including Australia, Lebanon, Seychelles and Thailand, have promulgated new national legal instruments addressing various aspects of trafficking in persons while others, such as Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Japan, have amended the relevant anti-trafficking provisions in existing laws. Recommendations concerning the establishment or strengthening of national rapporteurs on trafficking, and equivalent mechanisms, and cooperation with civil society organizations were, for the most part, followed up. In a number of countries, interministerial anti-trafficking committees have been established and services, including hotlines and shelters, to provide assistance to victims of trafficking put in place (Japan, Lebanon, Seychelles). Examples of how States have strengthened their partnerships with authorities in source, transfer and destination countries include bilateral agreements entered into with other States, as was done by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Thailand, or by supporting various anti-trafficking programmes in source countries such as Japan. A number of countries have also strengthened collaboration with civil society organizations in the provision of assistance to victims of trafficking and the development of national referral guidelines for the identification of, and support to, victims in a coordinated manner. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2014 |