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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Rights of the child: protection of the rights of the child in humanitarian situations, para. 41 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | 21. Calls upon States to respect, protect and fulfil the right of all children to education, including through increased emphasis on inclusive and quality education, and to promote school enrolment and retention among girls and children in vulnerable situations, such as children with disabilities, including in secondary school; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
Rights of the child: protection of the rights of the child in humanitarian situations, para. 44 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | 24. Encourages States, local authorities, the United Nations system, regional organizations and civil society, and invites donors and other assisting countries, to address the vulnerabilities and capacities of children, particularly girls, through gender-responsive programming, including with regard to sexual and reproductive health and the means to prevent and respond to sexual and gender-based violence, various forms of exploitation and neglect, and harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage, during emergencies and in post-disaster environments, and through the allocation of resources in their disaster risk reduction, response and recovery efforts, in coordination with the Governments of affected countries; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
Rights of the child: protection of the rights of the child in humanitarian situations, para. 16 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | Recognizing the particular vulnerability of girls and boys to violence, including trafficking in persons, sale, sexual violence and abuse and other forms of exploitation, in the context of humanitarian situations, | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
The human rights situation in the Syrian Arab Republic, para. 63 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | 40. Expresses deep concern for the more than 6 million internally displaced persons and 5 million refugees in the region fleeing the violence in the Syrian Arab Republic, welcomes the efforts of neighbouring countries to host Syrian refugees, acknowledges the socioeconomic consequences of the presence of large-scale refugee populations in those countries, and urges the international community to provide urgent financial support to enable the host countries to respond to the growing humanitarian needs of Syrian refugees, including the particular needs of women and girls, while emphasizing the principle of burden-sharing; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
Rights of the child: protection of the rights of the child in humanitarian situations, para. 34 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | of humanitarian emergencies, measures to address the increased vulnerability of girls to child, early and forced marriage and to protect children, especially girls, from sexual and gender-based violence, exploitation and abuse during humanitarian emergencies and situations of forced displacement, armed conflict and natural disaster, including by ensuring that health-care and education services, goods and facilities are available, accessible, acceptable and of quality and that safe counselling, reporting and complaint mechanisms are available to and accessible by all child victims of violence, including sexual violence; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
Situation of human rights in the South Sudan, para. 16 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | Condemning in the strongest terms all attacks against humanitarian personnel and facilities, which have resulted in the death of at least 95 humanitarian personnel since December 2013, expressing grave concern for the civilians who sought safety in protection-of-civilians sites who have been attacked, killed, traumatized or displaced, and the serious damage caused to the sites, including to medical clinics and schools, which were burned down and destroyed, and at sexual and gender-based violence against women and girls exiting protection-of-civilians sites throughout the country, | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
Rights of the child: protection of the rights of the child in humanitarian situations, para. 27 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | 9. Strongly condemns the recruitment and use of children in violation of applicable international law, and calls upon States to take all feasible measures to implement effective measures for the rehabilitation and physical and psychological recovery of those who have been so recruited or used and for their reintegration into society, in particular through educational measures, taking into account the rights and specific needs of girls; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
Rights of the child: protection of the rights of the child in humanitarian situations, para. 50 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | 26(d) Mainstream prevention of and protection from sexual exploitation and abuse, child, early and forced marriage, female genital mutilation and violence against children, including sexual and gender-based violence, into emergency and humanitarian responses, and address the underlying factors that make children, especially girls, particularly vulnerable to these practices; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
Situation of human rights in the South Sudan, para. 18 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | Gravely concerned about ongoing reports of widespread sexual and gender-based violence committed against women and girls and instances of conflict-related rape and gang rape, coupled with beatings and abductions, recognizing the importance of providing timely assistance and protection to survivors of sexual and gender-based violence, including sexual and reproductive health, psychosocial, legal and livelihood support and other multisectoral services for survivors of sexual and gender-based violence, including working with communities to reintegrate those affected by sexual and gender-based violence, and taking into account the specific needs of persons with disabilities, | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
The human rights situation in the Syrian Arab Republic, para. 32 | Sep 17, 2019 | Paragraph | 12. Strongly condemns all acts of sexual violence, including rape, which have disproportionately affected women and girls throughout the conflict in the Syrian Arab | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2018 | ||
Child, early and forced marriage in humanitarian settings 2017, para. 9 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Encourages States to promote open dialogue with all parties concerned, including religious and community leaders, women, girls, men and boys, parents, legal guardians, and other family members, as well as humanitarian and development actors in order to address the concerns and specific needs of those at risk of child, early and forced marriage within humanitarian settings, and to address social norms, gender stereotypes and harmful practices that contribute to the acceptance and continuation of the practice of child, early and forced marriage, including by raising awareness of its harm to the victims and the cost to society at large; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2017 | ||
Child, early and forced marriage in humanitarian settings 2017, para. 13 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Also urges States, with the collaboration of relevant stakeholders, to ensure that the basic humanitarian needs of affected populations and families, including clean water, sanitation, food, shelter, energy, health, including sexual and reproductive health, nutrition, education and protection, are addressed as critical components of humanitarian response, and to ensure that civil registration and vital statistics are an integral part of humanitarian assessments and that livelihoods are protected, recognizing that poverty and lack of economic opportunities for women and girls are among the drivers of child, early and forced marriage; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2017 | ||
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2017, para. 12 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The risk of trafficking from situations of armed conflict is a related issue of concern for the protection of girls, including during displacement. The Special Representative welcomes the Human Rights Council's call to Governments in June 2016 to ensure that the prevention of and responses to trafficking in persons continue to take into account the specific needs of women and girls and their participation in and contribution to all phases of preventing and responding to trafficking, especially in addressing specific forms of exploitation, such as sexual exploitation. The Special Representative has also undertaken a number of initiatives to support that aim, including contributing to the report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of measures to counter trafficking in persons and addressing an event on the role of the United Nations in combating modern slavery and human trafficking in conflict, which was hosted in New York in November by the United Nations University. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict | SRSG report |
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| 2017 | ||
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2017, para. 13 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Girls are also significantly affected by recruitment and use, with some estimates indicating that as many as 40 per cent of children associated with armed forces or armed groups are female. In addition to the use of girls in support functions, for sexual purposes or to be forced into marriage, they are also used for combat and to commit violent acts. For example, in a particularly grave example, in Nigeria in 2016, girls were increasingly being forced by Boko Haram to be suicide bombers, and were used for the purpose of avoiding detection by security personnel. Although the advocacy that has taken place since the Machel study has led to increased recognition of the plight of girls associated with parties to conflict, they still face significant obstacles in the process of being released and separated from parties to conflict. For example, it was noted in a recent report on the Democratic Republic of the Congo that out of the 1,004 children who had escaped or been separated from one armed group between 2009 and 2014, only 19 girls had been documented. While there was a significant number of young girls present in camps who were allegedly used as wives, concubines, cooks, and combatants in the ranks, male members of the group claimed that these girls were their daughters. In the light of this repudiation of their role, girls are often less visible and are frequently neglected in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programmes. When their role is recognized, societal factors have an impact, as girls are sometimes reluctant to join disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programmes, fearing rejection by their families and communities. Further action is required in order to raise awareness of the needs of girls in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes and also of the risks that they face after separation from armed groups, with special attention needing to be given to their reintegration into families and communities. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict | SRSG report |
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| 2017 | ||
Vulnerabilities of children to sale, trafficking and other forms of exploitation in situations of
conflict and humanitarian crisis 2017, para. 32 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Threats faced by boys and girls do not end when they leave their home countries. As they travel onward, often paying their way through dangerous routes by using exploitative smuggling and trafficking networks, children are subject to further violence, abuse and exploitation, including at borders owing to pushbacks and interceptions by border control officials. Unaccompanied children and those separated from their families face heightened risks, both along the route and upon arrival in transit countries. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Vulnerabilities of children to sale, trafficking and other forms of exploitation in situations of
conflict and humanitarian crisis 2017, para. 38 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Children may be compelled to work to sustain themselves or provide for their families’ basic needs, especially where parents cannot work legally or simply cannot find work, legally or illegally. Iraqi and Syrian refugee children in Lebanon, for example, work in textile factories, construction or the food service industry, or as agricultural labour or street vendors in conditions amounting to forced labour. According to UNICEF, in Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey, shopkeepers, farmers and manufacturers hire Syrian refugee children because they can pay them a lower wage. Children, especially girls, are seen as less likely to be targeted by the police or prosecuted for illegal work than adults, making families more likely to send them to work. These types of child labour, which often mask other forms of exploitation, such as trafficking for forced labour, have dire consequences on children. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Vulnerabilities of children to sale, trafficking and other forms of exploitation in situations of
conflict and humanitarian crisis 2017, para. 40 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Finally, the practice of “temporary” child or forced marriages is one of the dangerous coping mechanisms that girls face while in refugee camps in transit countries. Confronted with the economic burdens brought on by protracted displacement and limited or inexistent work opportunities, some refugee and migrant parents, and often children themselves, turn to those measures because they feel that they are the only option for safeguarding a child’s future or supporting a family’s immediate needs. For example, Syrian refugee girls are often forcibly married by their parents, who view such arrangements as a way of securing their daughters’ safety and ensuring the family’s livelihood through the dowry. Once married, those girls are likely to end up in a situation of sexual and domestic exploitation by a spouse whom they have followed abroad. The use of child and forced marriages to traffic girls into prostitution in another country is also common. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Vulnerabilities of children to sale, trafficking and other forms of exploitation in situations of
conflict and humanitarian crisis 2017, para. 25 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In many conflict-affected countries, girls become victims of sexual exploitation, including forced marriage, sexual slavery, prostitution and forced pregnancy. The egregious pattern of girls abducted from their homes or schools in conflict-affected settings by extremist groups has also emerged. In Iraq, for example, girls from ethnic and religious minority groups such as the Yazidis continue to be subjected to sexual violence by Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). There are also reports of trafficking in and sale of children by ISIL. In Somalia, there is a pattern of forced marriage of girls to militants from groups such as Al-Shabaab and Ahl al-Sunna wal-Jama‘a and soldiers of the National Army. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Vulnerabilities of children to sale, trafficking and other forms of exploitation in situations of
conflict and humanitarian crisis 2017, para. 26 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In addition to being a means for advancing their criminal endeavours, the sexual exploitation of children is further used by violent extremist groups to generate revenue, as part of the shadow economy of conflict and terrorism, through trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation, sexual slavery and the extortion of ransoms from desperate families. In some circumstances, girls are themselves treated as the “wages of war”, being gifted as a form of in-kind compensation or payment to fighters, who are then entitled to resell or exploit them as they wish. Such strategies are also believed to be a way of recruiting, rewarding and retaining fighters. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Vulnerabilities of children to sale, trafficking and other forms of exploitation in situations of
conflict and humanitarian crisis 2017, para. 27 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In humanitarian crises, the pre-existing vulnerabilities of girls that are rooted in discriminatory traditions and customs persist and lead to negative coping mechanisms. Children seeking to survive are often compelled to exchange sexual services, and girls are even forced to marry for food, shelter, protection or safe passage. According to the Secretary-General, approximately 90 per cent of women and girls affected by conflict in north-east Nigeria do not have access to basic services. As a result, they are forced to exchange sex for food and other essential supplies, and the child or forced marriages of girls to older men are on the rise, as a supposed protection mechanism and source of income for desperate families. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Vulnerabilities of children to sale, trafficking and other forms of exploitation in situations of
conflict and humanitarian crisis 2017, para. 39 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Moreover, in transit countries such as Libya, migrant girls are often exposed to sexual violence by parties to the conflict, as well as by smugglers, traffickers and other criminal groups. They face threats and sexual violence when held, sometimes for months, in detention centres and in poor conditions, and are also abducted and sexually abused by groups pledging allegiance to ISIL. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Vulnerabilities of children to sale, trafficking and other forms of exploitation in situations of
conflict and humanitarian crisis 2017, para. 41 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | For the girls involved, these coping mechanisms have dangerous short- and long-term implications that put them at increased risk of physical and emotional abuse. Such mechanisms also reduce the likelihood that a girl will complete schooling, a reality that can have negative repercussions throughout a girl’s life, including earlier childbearing, worse health outcomes and lower income. | Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Child, early and forced marriage in humanitarian settings 2017, para. 2 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Calls upon States, with the participation of relevant stakeholders, including girls, women, religious and community leaders, civil society and human rights groups, humanitarian actors, men and boys, and youth organizations, to develop and implement holistic, comprehensive and coordinated responses, strategies and policies to prevent, respond to and eliminate child, early and forced marriage, including in humanitarian settings, and to support already married girls, adolescents and women, including through the strengthening of child protection systems, protection mechanisms, such as safe shelters, access to justice and legal remedies, and the sharing of best practices across borders, in full compliance with international human rights obligations and commitments; | United Nations Human Rights Council | Resolution |
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| 2017 | ||
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2017, para. 14 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Goal 5 of the Sustainable Development Goals aims to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. Education is a key component of empowerment, however in times of conflict, children's access to education is often severely restricted, with a particular effect on girls as their schools are often directly targeted by attacks. Even when schools are operating in situations of armed conflict where girls' enrolment rates were high prior to the conflict, some parents prevent girls from going to schools due to insecurity, or because the facilities have been used by armed actors. The military use of schools exposes girls to an increased likelihood of sexual violence by armed elements and also increases the likelihood of attack by other parties to the conflict. In addition, girls are sometimes given extra household responsibilities that oblige them to stay home. There is also increased vulnerability to forced early marriage in situations of conflict, which is at times encouraged by families with the aim of providing their child with physical and financial security and results in girls withdrawing from schooling. Forced marriage is another practice that has increasingly been used by armed groups as an expression of power and control over populations. Given these susceptibilities, it is important to develop protection and education programmes for conflict-affected girls in order to provide them with support and avoid long out-of-school interruptions. In this regard, the Special Representative welcomes the call by the Human Rights Council for all States to strengthen and intensify their efforts to realize progressively the equal enjoyment of the right to education by every girl and encourages a focus on girls affected by armed conflict. | Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict | SRSG report |
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| 2017 | ||
Compendium of good practices in the elimination of discrimination against women 2017, para. 86 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Constitutional Court used its power to assess implementation of its own judgment, issuing two further orders on the rights of displaced women. In 2008, the Court handed down a decision that was considered a global pioneer in the treatment of sexual violence during internal armed conflict. It identified 10 risks that forcibly displaced women faced, including extreme risk of sexual violence, and 18 gender facets of displacement, including patterns of discrimination and violence. Accordingly, the Court ordered the Government to create and implement 13 programmes with a gender-sensitive approach, including violence prevention, the right to health and education and access to land, justice and reparations. The Court also took an intersectoral approach, highlighting heightened risks faced by girls, indigenous, black and community women leaders, and women with disabilities. The Court ordered the allocation of sufficient resources to guarantee implementation of the programmes, refusing to recognize lack of budget as valid justification for non-compliance. | Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 24 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Furthermore, in many parts of the world, girls and young women with disabilities are often entirely excluded from the education system, or otherwise isolated from their communities at home or in institutions, and are without any access to sexuality education. The lack of equal access to inclusive and quality education affects, in particular, girls and young women with disabilities in conflict, post-conflict or other humanitarian situations, especially those who are refugees, internally displaced, migrants or asylum seekers; deprived of their liberty in hospitals, residential institutions, juvenile or correctional facilities; or homeless or living in poverty. Girls and young women in such situations are at heightened risk of being subjected to physical or sexual abuse and contracting sexually transmitted infections. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 35 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Evidence on sexual and gender-based violence against girls and young women with disabilities is robust. Studies from across the globe show that they are at increased risk of violence, abuse and exploitation compared with those without disabilities, and with boys and young men with disabilities. Overall, children with disabilities are almost four times more likely to experience violence than children without disabilities. However, the risk is consistently higher in the case of deaf, blind and autistic girls, girls with psychosocial and intellectual disabilities and girls with multiple impairments. Belonging to a racial, religious or sexual minority, or being poor, also increases the risk factor for sexual abuse for girls and young women with disabilities. Humanitarian crises and conflict and post-conflict settings generate additional risks of sexual violence and trafficking that affect girls with disabilities. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Optional Protocol thereto: situation of women and girls with disabilities 2017, para. 16 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Urges States to take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against persons with disabilities, in particular women and girls in situations of risk, including situations of armed conflict, humanitarian emergencies and the occurrence of natural disasters, to address violence against women and girls, providing timely and appropriate reintegration and rehabilitation assistance to persons with disabilities while ensuring that their specific needs are addressed, such as access to health-care services, psychosocial support and educational programmes; | United Nations General Assembly | Resolution |
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| 2017 | ||
Women in development 2017, para. 41 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Also recognizes the special needs of women and girls living in areas affected by complex humanitarian emergencies and in areas affected by terrorism, and that global health threats, climate change, more frequent and intense natural disasters, conflicts, violent extremism, as and when conducive to terrorism, and related humanitarian crises and the forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades and have particular negative impacts on women and girls that need to be comprehensively assessed and addressed; | United Nations General Assembly | Resolution |
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| 2017 | ||
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 53 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Another key aspect was secondary protection for women and girls after violence had taken place to avoid further violence and secondary victimization. In that regard, there should be accessible shelters and durable housing solutions, especially for indigenous women and women in rural areas. In addition, the reception of refugee and migrant women needed to be in facilities which were safe (where they would not be mixed with men and therefore in danger). | Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 |