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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Rio+20 – Conference on Sustainable Development: The future we want 2012, para. 132 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | We note that transportation and mobility are central to sustainable development. Sustainable transportation can enhance economic growth and improve accessibility. Sustainable transport achieves better integration of the economy while respecting the environment. We recognize the importance of the efficient movement of people and goods and access to environmentally sound, safe and affordable transportation as a means to improve social equity, health, resilience of cities, urban-rural linkages and productivity of rural areas. In this regard, we take into account road safety as part of our efforts to achieve sustainable development. | United Nations General Assembly | Declaration / Confererence outcome document |
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| 2012 | ||
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 16.28 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Secretary-General of the United Nations is invited to consult with the various bodies of the United Nations system, as well as with international financial institutions and various bilateral aid organizations and agencies, with a view to promoting an exchange of information among them on the requirements for international assistance and to reviewing, on a regular basis, the specific needs of countries in the field of population and development, including emergency and temporary needs, and maximizing the availability of resources and their most effective utilization. | International Conference on Population and Development | Declaration / Confererence outcome document |
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| 1994 | ||
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, para. 1 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state. | United Nations General Assembly | Declaration / Confererence outcome document |
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| 1948 | ||
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, para. 2 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | (2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country. | United Nations General Assembly | Declaration / Confererence outcome document |
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| 1948 | ||
Return of Persons found not to be in need of International Protection 2003, para. (a) | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Reaffirms the right of everyone to leave any country, including his or her own, and to return to his or her own country as well as the obligation of States to receive back their own nationals, including the facilitation thereof, and remains seriously concerned, as regards the return of persons found not to be in need of international protection, that some countries continue to restrict the return of their own nationals, either outright or through laws and practices which effectively block expeditious return; | Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | ExCom Conclusion |
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| 2003 | ||
Return of Persons found not to be in need of International Protection 2003, para. (e) i | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Calls on States to cooperate regarding the efficient and expeditious return of persons found not to be in need of international protection, to their countries of origin, other countries of nationality or countries with an obligation to receive them back, notably by:] cooperating actively, including through their diplomatic and consular offices, in establishing the identity of persons presumed to have a right to return, as well as determining their nationality , where there is no evidence of nationality in the form of genuine travel or other relevant identity documents for the person concerned; | Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | ExCom Conclusion |
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| 2003 | ||
Comprehensive and Regional approaches within a Protection framework 1996, para. 3 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Recalling its encouragement to the High Commissioner to engage in consultations on possibilities and initiatives in specific areas with complex problems of coerced population movements as well as on achieving the objective of providing international protection to all who need it, | Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | ExCom Conclusion |
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| 1996 | ||
Legal Safety Issues in the Context of Voluntary Repatriation of Refugees 2004, para. 3 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Noting the relevance for voluntary repatriation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, | Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | ExCom Conclusion |
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| 2004 | ||
Article 4: States of Emergency 2001, para. 13d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [In those provisions of the Covenant that are not listed in article 4, paragraph 2, there are elements that in the Committee's opinion cannot be made subject to lawful derogation under article 4. Some illustrative examples are presented below.] As confirmed by the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, deportation or forcible transfer of population without grounds permitted under international law, in the form of forced displacement by expulsion or other coercive means from the area in which the persons concerned are lawfully present, constitutes a crime against humanity. The legitimate right to derogate from article 12 of the Covenant during a state of emergency can never be accepted as justifying such measures. | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2001 | ||
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 5 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The right to move freely relates to the whole territory of a State, including all parts of federal States. According to article 12, paragraph 1, persons are entitled to move from one place to another, and to establish themselves in a place of their choice. The enjoyment of this right must not be made dependent on any particular purpose or reason for the person wanting to move or to stay in a place. Any restrictions must be in conformity with paragraph 3. | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 1999 | ||
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 2 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The permissible limitations which may be imposed on the rights protected under article 12 must not nullify the principle of liberty of movement, and are governed by the requirement of necessity provided for in article 12, paragraph 3, and by the need for consistency with the other rights recognized in the Covenant. | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 1999 | ||
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 9 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In order to enable the individual to enjoy the rights guaranteed by article 12, paragraph 2, obligations are imposed both on the State of residence and on the State of nationality. Since international travel usually requires appropriate documents, in particular a passport, the right to leave a country must include the right to obtain the necessary travel documents. The issuing of passports is normally incumbent on the State of nationality of the individual. The refusal by a State to issue a passport or prolong its validity for a national residing abroad may deprive this person of the right to leave the country of residence and to travel elsewhere. It is no justification for the State to claim that its national would be able to return to its territory without a passport. | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 1999 | ||
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 21 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | In no case may a person be arbitrarily deprived of the right to enter his or her own country. The reference to the concept of arbitrariness in this context is intended to emphasize that it applies to all State action, legislative, administrative, and judicial; it guarantees that even interference provided for by law should be in accordance with the provisions, aims and objectives of the Covenant and should be, in any event, reasonable in the particular circumstances. The Committee considers that there are few, if any, circumstances in which deprivation of the right to enter one's own country could be reasonable. A State party must not, by stripping a person of nationality or by expelling an individual to a third country, arbitrarily prevent this person from returning to his or her own country. | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 1999 | ||
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 12 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The law itself has to establish the conditions under which the rights may be limited. State reports should therefore specify the legal norms upon which restrictions are founded. Restrictions which are not provided for in the law or are not in conformity with the requirements of article 12, paragraph 3, would violate the rights guaranteed by paragraphs 1 and 2. | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 1999 | ||
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 15 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The principle of proportionality has to be respected not only in the law that frames the restrictions, but also by the administrative and judicial authorities in applying the law. States should ensure that any proceedings relating to the exercise or restriction of these rights are expeditious and that reasons for the application of restrictive measures are provided. | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 1999 | ||
Article 9: Liberty and security of person 2014, para. 55 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The right to life guaranteed by article 6 of the Covenant, including the right to protection of life under article 6, paragraph 1, may overlap with the right to security of person guaranteed by article 9, paragraph 1. The right to personal security may be considered broader to the extent that it also addresses injuries that are not life-threatening. Extreme forms of arbitrary detention that are themselves life-threatening violate the rights to personal liberty and personal security as well as the right to protection of life, in particular enforced disappearances. | Human Rights Committee
| General Comment / Recommendation |
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| 2014 | ||
Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War 1949, para. undefined | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Art 76. The censoring of correspondence addressed to prisoners of war or despatched by them shall be done as quickly as possible. Mail shall be censored only by the despatching State and the receiving State, and once only by each. The examination of consignments intended for prisoners of war shall not be carried out under conditions that will expose the goods contained in them to deterioration; except in the case of written or printed matter, it shall be done in the presence of the addressee, or of a fellow-prisoner duly delegated by him. The delivery to prisoners of individual or collective consignments shall not be delayed under the pretext of difficulties of censorship. Any prohibition of correspondence ordered by Parties to the conflict, either for military or political reasons, shall be only temporary and its duration shall be as short as possible. | International Committee of the Red Cross | International treaty |
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| 1949 | ||
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Art. 52. No contract, agreement or regulation shall impair the right of any worker, whether voluntary or not and wherever he may be, to apply to the representatives of the Protecting Power in order to request the said Power's intervention. All measures aiming at creating unemployment or at restricting the opportunities offered to workers in an occupied territory, in order to induce them to work for the Occupying Power, are prohibited. | International Committee of the Red Cross | International treaty |
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| 1949 | ||
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court 1998, para. 3e | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | 3. (e) If an unscheduled landing occurs on the territory of the transit State, that State may require a request for transit from the Court as provided for in subparagraph (b). The transit State shall detain the person being transported until the request for transit is received and the transit is effected, provided that detention for purposes of this subparagraph may not be extended beyond 96 hours from the unscheduled landing unless the request is received within that time. | United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court | International treaty |
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| 1998 | ||
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Art. 60. Relief consignments shall in no way relieve the Occupying Power of any of its responsibilities under Articles 55, 56 and 59. The Occupying Power shall in no way whatsoever divert relief consignments from the purpose for which they are intended, except in cases of urgent necessity, in the interests of the population of the occupied territory and with the consent of the Protecting Power. | International Committee of the Red Cross | International treaty |
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| 1949 | ||
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 2 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | 2. These authorities shall take their decision in the same manner as in the case of any ordinary offence of a serious nature under the law of that State Party. In the cases referred to in article 9, paragraph 2, the standards of evidence required for prosecution and conviction shall in no way be less stringent than those which apply in the cases referred to in article 9, paragraph 1. | United Nations General Assembly | International treaty |
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| 2006 | ||
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 6 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | 6. Extradition shall, in all cases, be subject to the conditions provided for by the law of the requested State Party or by applicable extradition treaties, including, in particular, conditions relating to the minimum penalty requirement for extradition and the grounds upon which the requested State Party may refuse extradition or make it subject to certain conditions. | United Nations General Assembly | International treaty |
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| 2006 | ||
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 4 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | 4. Each State Party shall ensure in its legal system that the victims of enforced disappearance have the right to obtain reparation and prompt, fair and adequate compensation. | United Nations General Assembly | International treaty |
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| 2006 | ||
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Considering the obligation of States under the Charter of the United Nations to promote universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms, | United Nations General Assembly | International treaty |
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| 2006 | ||
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Also recalling the Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its resolution 47/133 of 18 December 1992 , | United Nations General Assembly | International treaty |
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| 2006 | ||
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 2 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | 2. Before an observation on a State Party is published in the annual report, the State Party concerned shall be informed in advance and shall be given reasonable time to answer. This State Party may request the publication of its comments or observations in the report. | United Nations General Assembly | International treaty |
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| 2006 | ||
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 2 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | 2. Any amendment adopted by a majority of two thirds of the States Parties present and voting at the conference shall be submitted by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to all the States Parties for acceptance. | United Nations General Assembly | International treaty |
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| 2006 | ||
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Art. 59. If the whole or part of the population of an occupied territory is inadequately supplied, the Occupying Power shall agree to relief schemes on behalf of the said population, and shall facilitate them by all the means at its disposal. Such schemes, which may be undertaken either by States or by impartial humanitarian organizations such as the International Committee of the Red Cross, shall consist, in particular, of the provision of consignments of foodstuffs, medical supplies and clothing. All Contracting Parties shall permit the free passage of these consignments and shall guarantee their protection. A Power granting free passage to consignments on their way to territory occupied by an adverse Party to the conflict shall, however, have the right to search the consignments, to regulate their passage according to prescribed times and routes, and to be reasonably satisfied through the Protecting Power that these consignments are to be used for the relief of the needy population and are not to be used for the benefit of the Occupying Power. | International Committee of the Red Cross | International treaty |
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| 1949 | ||
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Art. 64. The penal laws of the occupied territory shall remain in force, with the exception that they may be repealed or suspended by the Occupying Power in cases where they constitute a threat to its security or an obstacle to the application of the present Convention. Subject to the latter consideration and to the necessity for ensuring the effective administration of justice, the tribunals of the occupied territory shall continue to function in respect of all offences covered by the said laws. The Occupying Power may, however, subject the population of the occupied territory to provisions which are essential to enable the Occupying Power to fulfil its obligations under the present Convention, to maintain the orderly government of the territory, and to ensure the security of the Occupying Power, of the members and property of the occupying forces or administration, and likewise of the establishments and lines of communication used by them. | International Committee of the Red Cross | International treaty |
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| 1949 | ||
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Art. 141. The national Information Bureaux and the Central Information Agency shall enjoy free postage for all mail, likewise the exemptions provided for in Article 110, and further, so far as possible, exemption from telegraphic charges or, at least, greatly reduced rates. | International Committee of the Red Cross | International treaty |
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| 1949 |