Protection of migrants A/RES/74/148 Recognizing the positive contributions of young migrants to countries of origin and destination, and in that regard encouraging States to consider the specific circumstances and needs of young migrants, Recognizing also the obligations of countries of origin, transit and destination under international human rights law, Underlining the importance for States, in cooperation with civil society, including non-governmental organizations, workers’ organizations and the private sector, among other relevant stakeholders, to undertake information campaigns aimed at clarifying opportunities, limitations, laws, risks and rights in the event of migration in order to enable everyone to make informed decisions and to prevent anyone from utilizing irregular or dangerous means to cross international borders, 1. Calls upon States to promote and protect effectively the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants, regardless of their migration status, especially those of women and children, and to address international migration through international, regional or bilateral cooperation and dialogue and a comprehensive and balanced approach, recognizing the roles and responsibilities of countries of origin, transit and destination in promoting and protecting the human rights of all migrants and avoiding approaches that might aggravate their vul nerability; 2. Expresses its concern about the impact of financial and economic crises, as well as natural disasters and the effects of climate-related phenomena, on international migration and migrants, and in that regard urges Governments to combat discriminatory treatment of migrants, in particular migrant workers and their families , and to facilitate fair and ethical recruitment; 3. Calls upon Member States to develop coherent approaches to address the challenges of migration movements in the context of sudden-onset and slow-onset natural disasters, including by taking into consideration relevant recommendations from State-led consultative processes, such as the Agenda for the Protection of Cross Border Displaced Persons in the Context of Disasters and Climate Change, and the Platform on Disaster Displacement; 4. Reaffirms the rights set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 4 and the obligations of States under the International Covenants on Human Rights, 5 and in this regard: (a) Strongly condemns acts, manifestations and expressions of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance against migrants and the stereotypes often applied to them, including on the basis of religion or belief, and urges States to apply and, where needed, to reinforce existing laws when hate crimes, xenophobic or intolerant acts, manifestations or expressions against migrants occur, in order to eradicate impunity for those who commit those acts and, where appropriate, to provide effective remedy to the victims; (b) Encourages States to establish or, when appropriate, strengthen mechanisms which allow migrants to report alleged cases of abuse by relevant authorities and employers without fear of reprisal, and which allow for such complaints to be addressed fairly; (c) Expresses concern about legislation adopted by some States that results in measures and practices that may restrict the human rights and fundamental freedoms of migrants, and reaffirms that, when exercising their sovereign right to e nact and implement migratory and border security measures, States have the duty to comply with their obligations under international law, including international human rights law, in order to ensure full respect for the human rights of migrants; 19-22252 5/11