A/79/334 whereas States that prioritize demonstrating effective control over their populations may be less inclined to acknowledge internally displaced persons. 26 35. Of the 156 peace agreements signed since 2007 stored in the Peace Agreements Database and that specifically address internal displacement, only 70 contain substantive provisions related to durable solutions as defined under the Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons. The durable solutions criteria most frequently reflected were long-term safety, security and freedom of movement, the restitution of housing land and property and post-conflict reconstruction and development. In contrast, access to justice, reparations, political participation, family reunification, education, livelihoods restoration and access to documentation were frequently overlooked criteria. 36. Several recent agreements provide examples of durable solutions provisions. Under the Political Agreement for Peace and Reconciliation in the Central African Republic, signed in 2019, the Government is explicitly committed to creating the conditions necessary for the voluntary return, reintegration and social reinsertion of internally displaced persons, including through the adoption of specific instruments to protect their rights to land and other assets (art. 4 (k)). Signatory armed groups are compelled to respect the property of communities, including those in situations of displacement (art. 5 (i)). The 2016 peace agreement for Colombia contains several commitments aimed at addressing the underlying drivers of displacement and ensuring the non-recurrence of human rights violations, including arbitrary displacement, which the State has incorporated into ordinary law. Those commitments include measures to initiate comprehensive rural reform, increase political participation, address the illicit drug trade and uphold the rights of victims by addressing the structural issues that led to the internal conflict. 27 In the Philippines, the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro includes socioeconomic development programmes in favour of internally displaced persons, 28 which are rendered into ordinary law through the Bangsamoro Organic Law (art. XIV, sect. 1). C. Addressing root causes of violence and displacement and promoting reconciliation 37. The long-term viability of peace agreements and of durable solutions to internal displacement is contingent upon the extent to which those agreements and associated peacebuilding processes address the root causes of violence and displacement. Victims of human rights violations, including internally displaced persons, must enjoy meaningful guarantees for the prevention and non-recurrence of future violations of their human rights, in order to feel secure in their place of residence, trust the institutions mandated to uphold their rights and rebuild their lives. 38. International, national and local peace actors should take a conflict -sensitive approach in which measures to prevent future internal displacement and conflict are favoured. Their actions should help to strengthen national and local peace infrastructure, such as community dispute resolution mechanisms, that can help to mitigate future tensions, violence and conflict and serve as a space for exchange between internally displaced and host communities. In his New Agenda for Peace, the Secretary-General advocates in favour of national prevention strategies, which can provide peace actors with the opportunity to collaborate with humanitarian, human rights and development actors in creating conditions that enable protective __________________ 26 27 28 24-15773 Ileana Nicolau, “IDP protection and State sovereignty: explaining norm institutionalisation in Colombia, Peru and Kenya”, PhD dissertation, European University Institute, June 2022. Submission by the Constitutional Court of Colombia (2024). Annex on Normalization, sect. G, para. 1. 11/24