E/2005/27 E/CN.6/2005/11 Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime,25 the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women26 and its Optional Protocol,27 the Convention on the Rights of the Child28 and its Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography,29 and Convention No. 29 and No. 182 of the International Labour Organization, Emphasizing that the fight against trafficking in women and girls for all forms of exploitation requires a comprehensive approach that addresses all factors and root causes that foster demand and make women and girls vulnerable to trafficking, as well as the protection and rehabilitation of victims, Acknowledging the fact that the majority of trafficked persons are women and girls, in particular from developing countries and countries with economies in transition, Concerned about the increasing occurrence of trafficking for all forms of exploitation, especially for commercial sexual exploitation, which overwhelmingly affects women and girls, Also concerned that multiple forms of discrimination and conditions of disadvantage contribute to the vulnerability of women and girls to trafficking, and that indigenous, refugee, internally displaced and migrant women and girls may be particularly at risk, Bearing in mind that all States have an obligation to exercise due diligence to prevent, investigate and punish perpetrators of trafficking in persons and to provide protection to the victims, and that not doing so violates, impairs or nullifies their enjoyment of their human rights and fundamental freedoms, Concerned that the exploitation of women in international prostitution and trafficking networks has become one of the major focuses of transnational organized crime, Convinced that eliminating the demand for trafficked women and girls for all forms of exploitation, including for sexual exploitation, is a key element to combating trafficking, Welcoming the appointment of the Special Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights on trafficking in persons, especially women and children, and her intention to devote special attention in her annual report to thematic issues, including the root causes of trafficking and discouragement of the demand that fosters trafficking for the purposes of all forms of exploitation, 1. Calls upon Governments to: (a) Take all appropriate measures to eliminate the demand for trafficked women and girls for all forms of exploitation; (b) Take appropriate measures to address the root factors, including poverty and gender inequality, as well as external factors that encourage trafficking in __________________ 25 26 27 28 29 See General Assembly resolution 55/25, annex I. United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1249, No. 20378. General Assembly resolution 54/4, annex. United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, No. 27531. General Assembly resolution 54/263, annex II. 13