A/RES/74/227 Sustainable mountain development benefiting from the committed support of 381 members, including 60 Governments, 16 intergovernmental organizations, 297 major groups and 8 subnational auth orities, and engaged in the promotion of sustainable development in its three dimensions – economic, social and environmental – in mountain regions, Noting with appreciation the establishment of groups of friends aimed at the promotion of sustainable mountain development, such as the Mountain Focus Group, in 2001 and the Group of Friends of Mountainous Countries, in 2019, 1. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General on sustainable mountain development; 12 2. Encourages States to adopt a long-term vision and holistic approaches, including through incorporating mountain-specific policies into national sustainable development strategies, increase efforts to end poverty in all its forms and dimensions, address food insecurity and malnutrition, promote t he conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, traditional crops and diets, and fight against social exclusion, environmental degradation and disaster risk in mountain areas, taking into account that an integrated landscape approach which addresses natural resources management, including watershed and sustainable forest management as well as climate change resilience through multi-stakeholder approaches, can lead to the sustainable development of highland areas, the improvement of the livelihood of th e local mountain communities and the sustainable use of mountain resources; 3. Encourages Member States, and invites international organizations and other relevant stakeholders, with respect to sustainable mountain development, to reduce and reverse biodiversity loss and the degradation of land and soil, contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals; 4. Takes note of the Mountain Partnership, the only United Nations voluntary alliance of partners dedicated to improving the lives of people living in mountain areas and protecting mountain environments around the world, and also takes note of the Mountain Partnership framework for action for implementing the 2030 Agenda for mountains, as well as the work of the Mountain Partnership Prod ucts initiative; 5. Stresses the special vulnerability of people living in mountain environments, in particular local communities and indigenous peoples, often with limited access to health, education and economic systems and particularly at risk because of the negative impact of extreme natural phenomena, and invites States to strengthen cooperative action, with the effective involvement and sharing of knowledge and experience of all relevant stakeholders, including traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples living in mountain areas and knowledge of local mountain communities and their cultures, by strengthening existing arrangements, agreements and centres of excellence for sustainable mountain development, as well as exploring new arrangements and agreements, as appropriate; 6. Also stresses the importance of innovative solutions for the diversification of livelihoods and income enhancement opportunities for local mountain communities, and in this regard encourages the promotion of innovative solutions and entrepreneurship within local mountain communities, as appropriate, to end poverty and hunger; 7. Further stresses the importance of mountain family farming communities and indigenous peoples as one of the custodians of natural and cultural heritage, and encourages Member States to support the activities related to the United Nations Decade of Family Farming (2019–2028), in line with its global action plan, to promote national policies, as appropriate, that support secure land tenure, provide access to resources, ensure gender equality and women’s empowerment, empower __________________ 12 4/8 A/74/209. 19-22499