A/79/177 the disparate impact that the framework of prohibition has on women, through direct interactions with the patriarchal system. 232 114. Youth and youth-led organizations in the global South are developing innovative harm reduction programmes tailored to their needs and those of their communities. 233 In South Africa, where young people who use drugs face severe health and social challenges, including the risks associated with HIV, hepatitis C, infections, poverty, unstable housing, violence the and risk of overdose, the South African Network of People Who Use Drugs launched the country’s first take-home naloxone programme in 2021. The initiative was piloted in three cities; however, it was discontinued on account of a lack of funding and political support. 234 X. Conclusions and recommendations 115. The Special Rapporteur recommends that States and other stakeholders: (a) Integrate harm reduction as part of universal health coverage plans, incorporating comprehensive services that are accessible, affordable, acceptable and of quality. Universal health coverage should make essential medicines accessible and affordable; and should extend beyond health care programmes and services to encompass the social determinants of health; (b) Examine the power asymmetries of States and non-State actors that have become woven into the fabric of societies, the dismantling of which is fundamental in working toward sustainable peace and development. In this regard, the meaningful participation of rights holders is key; (c) Adopt, implement and monitor effective and evidence-based regulations to prevent health or environmental harms stemming from the use of products such as tobacco, alcohol and products with excess of sugar, salt or fats, which are often ultra-processed products. Enforce, through regulation, the expectation that all businesses must respect human rights throughout their operations; (d) Strengthen existing regulations on the advertising, promotion and sponsorship of harmful products, including by developing new regulations on “surrogate marketing”; (e) Decriminalize abortion and guarantee access to quality care; in all cases, eliminate formal and substantive barriers; (f) Repeal all laws, policies and practices that criminalize sex work and take measures to ensure that sex workers’ rights, including the right to health, are guaranteed; (g) Repeal laws that criminalize HIV exposure, transmission and non-disclosure; (h) Decriminalize the use, possession, purchase and cultivation of drugs for personal use. 235 Adopt cohesive regulatory frameworks on drugs informed by scientific evidence, considering power asymmetries, pre-existing disparities and the impacts of law and policy in practice; 236 __________________ 232 233 234 235 236 26/28 Submission from Elementa. Submission from Ágora and the Mexican chapter in the Latin American Network of People Who Use Drugs. Ibid. Submission from UNAIDS; and A/HRC/56/52, para. 85 (f). A/HRC/56/52, para. 85 (f). 24-13226