A/69/275 iron deficiencies, resulting in a loss of 63 million lives annually from maln utrition. Africa today has more children with stunted growth than it did 20 years ago, with up to 82 per cent of cases improperly treated. That poses a huge threat to the future of the continent and access to food rich in nutrients has become imperative. 47. The principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”, as specified in article 3 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, is one of the innovative principles of international law that allows countries to participate in the responsibilities set out in the Convention to different degrees, depending on their developmental level. That principle should be used to inform future negotiations, especially in relation to countries facing severe threats to food security, while not directly responsible for climate change themselves. 48. In 2008, the Human Rights Council adopted its first resolution on human rights and climate change (resolution 7/23). As a result, OHCHR was requested to conduct an analytical study on the relationship between climate change and human rights (A/HRC/10/61). Subsequently, resolutions 10/4 and 18/22 were adopted in 2009 and 2011, in which the Council emphasized that climate change had a range of negative impacts on the human rights to life, adequate food, the highest attainable standard of health, adequate housing, self-determination, development and safe drinking water and sanitation. 49. International human rights law complements the Convention on Climate Change by emphasizing that international cooperation is a human rights obligation and that its central objective is safeguarding those rights. The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights notes that the right to adequate food requires the adoption of appropriate economic, environmental and social policies, and that the right to health extends to its underlying determinants, including a healthy environment. 21 Similarly, the OHCHR report on climate change and human rights mentioned above focuses on the direct relationship between the right to adequate food and climate change (paras. 25-30). Previous reports of the mandate holders have documented how extreme climate events are increasingly threatening livelihoods and food security (see, for example, A/HRC/7/5). 50. While it is beyond the scope of the present preliminary report to enter into the current debate on climate change policy, the Special Rapporteur wishes to note that she will focus on the adverse effects of climate change on the effective enjoyment of human rights (and particularly the right to food) as a cross -cutting theme in her mandate, consistent with Human Rights Council resolution 26/27 on human rights and climate change. In particular, the Special Rapporteur will focus on the impact of climate change on the right to food as it affects the most vulnerable groups in society and will analyse the gender dimensions of food security and nutrition in the context of climate change. E. Global food loss and food waste 51. Approximately 1.3 billion tons, representing almost one third of world total food production for human consumption, is wasted per year. That is equivalent to __________________ 21 14/18 See general comment No. 12, para. 4. 14-58889