Astuces de recherche
ordenados por
30 listados de 61 Entidades
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- The benefit of trained law enforcement, peacekeeping and humanitarian personnel has also been mentioned both by States and by other entities active in the field as a means of preventing trafficking in persons, especially women and children. In this regard, several examples of successful joint cooperation between States to train law enforcement officials and to conduct joint anti-trafficking operations were mentioned, including the recent joint exercises between European and African law enforcement officials organized by the Centre of Excellence for Stability Police Units and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, which were focused on reducing human trafficking along migrant routes.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- Conflict-related violence, such as sexual violence, can itself be a driver of forced internal displacement, which in turn increases vulnerability to further exploitation, including through trafficking. For instance, sexual violence by armed groups has forced ethnic minority women and girls in remote rural areas away from their communities and placed them at greater risk of trafficking within the country as well as overseas. Additionally, worsening security situations and overcrowded camps with inadequate basic services cause some internally displaced persons to risk crossing borders in an irregular manner in search of employment, putting themselves at high risk of exploitation because of their lack of legal status. Military attacks on camps further worsens displacement and causes undocumented internally displaced persons, including women and unaccompanied children, to flee their camps, exposing them to the risk of being exploited or trafficked.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 64c
- Paragraph text
- [All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:] Ensure free-of-charge birth and marriage registration of nationals and non-nationals fleeing conflict, including in internally displaced person and refugee camps, in cooperation with United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations, in order to prevent or address potential trafficking in children for sexual and other forms of exploitation and the exploitation of the labour of individuals, particularly underage children and women;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) estimates that some 300,000 boys and girls under the age of 18 are involved in more than 30 conflicts worldwide. One in three children in the Kurdistan region of Iraq has been approached for forced or compulsory recruitment in armed conflict. Moreover, children are especially vulnerable to being trafficked into military service by Government armed forces, paramilitary groups and rebel groups if they are separated from their families, are displaced from their homes, live in combat areas or have limited access to education.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 77h
- Paragraph text
- [Concerned governmental institutions, law enforcement authorities, civil society organizations, academia, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations should undertake further research on the different forms of trafficking in persons in relation to conflict and post-conflict situations, including on:] Early identification of cases of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, in the context of massive influxes of migrants as a result of conflict.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 72g
- Paragraph text
- [Concerned governmental institutions, law enforcement authorities, civil society organizations, academia, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations should undertake further research on the different forms of trafficking in persons in relation to conflict and post-conflict situations, including on:] Early identification of cases of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, in the context of massive influxes of migrants as a result of conflict.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 71d
- Paragraph text
- [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Ban administrative detention of children, in particular, but not only, for violations of immigration laws and regulations;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- The media should be adequately sensitized about the linkage between trafficking in persons, especially women and children, and conflict, and should be aware of its gender dimension, in order to be able to report correctly about incidents of trafficking affecting girls, boys, women and men living in such circumstances.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Men
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Post-conflict situations are typically characterized by absent or dysfunctional justice and law enforcement institutions, and consequently by: a climate of impunity that fosters violent criminal networks; high levels of poverty and lack of basic resources; significant inequality; large populations of highly vulnerable individuals (displaced persons, returnees, widows, unaccompanied children); fractured communities and lack of trust; and militarized societies tolerant of extreme levels of violence. These features render men, women and children in post-conflict societies especially vulnerable to trafficking.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- International personnel are generally deployed to conflict or immediate post-conflict situations in which populations are vulnerable and where basic institutions, including law enforcement, are fragile or non-existent (see A/59/710). The increased demand for sexual services as a result of the presence of international personnel, including peacekeepers, further exacerbates women's social and economic vulnerabilities in a fragile post-conflict society and promotes an economy of exploitation, which can support trafficking networks in the longer term. For instance, the recent cases of sexual abuse and exploitation by peacekeepers in the Central African Republic, who prey on the economic vulnerability of children and women as well as on their need for assistance and protection, could, in some cases, be linked to trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Individuals and communities caught up in conflict are vulnerable to a range of human rights violations. Pre-existing conditions and vulnerabilities, such as structural gender-based and other forms of discrimination affecting women, children and non-citizens, are exacerbated during conflict as opportunities for exploitation increase and protections break down. Conflicts are prolonged by actors who take advantage of situations of lawlessness to reap personal gain through lucrative activities such as trafficking. In this section the Special Rapporteur will look into trafficking into military service and sexual and labour exploitation during conflict involving all persons, including boys, girls and migrants.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- However, conflict influences the form and nature of trafficking in different ways. First, the severity of trafficking-related exploitation appears to be greater when it occurs during or, indeed, after conflict, enhanced by conditions that are themselves a cause or consequence of conflict, such as impunity and increased, generalized violence. Second, certain forms of trafficking-related exploitation are either particular to conflict or more prevalent in situations of conflict, such as forced military recruitment of both children and adults. Sexual exploitation is another form of trafficking that intersects with the dynamics of situations of conflict, including the use of proceeds from trafficking, trading and ransoming individuals to purchase arms and pay fighters, which perpetuates the cycle of violence against civilians.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- Refugees and asylum seekers are vulnerable to trafficking. Refugees fleeing the conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic through Lebanon and Turkey often become subject to trafficking-related exploitation, including child labour, forced prostitution, forced and early marriage and exploitation and begging. Refugees and asylum seekers, including numerous unaccompanied children from the Sudan and Somalia, have been kidnapped or lured from refugee camps or while en route, sold on and subsequently held captive in Libya or the Sinai desert for purposes of exploitation through extortion.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 72d
- Paragraph text
- [Concerned governmental institutions, law enforcement authorities, civil society organizations, academia, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations should undertake further research on the different forms of trafficking in persons in relation to conflict and post-conflict situations, including on:] The link between organized crime and all forms of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, as a result of a weak rule of law during and following conflicts;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- The United Nations should ensure that child trafficking is linked to the six grave violations and abuses against children. Such violations should be taken into consideration as a ground on which to bar countries repeatedly listed in the annual reports of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict as being involved in those violations from contributing troops to United Nations operations.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 69c
- Paragraph text
- All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:Ensure free-of-charge birth and marriage registration of nationals and non-nationals fleeing conflict, including in internally displaced person and refugee camps, in cooperation with United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations, in order to prevent or address potential trafficking in children for sexual and other forms of exploitation and the exploitation of the labour of individuals, particularly underage children and women;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- Children trafficked into forced military service perform a variety of combatant and supportive roles. Many children, typically boys, are forcibly recruited or kidnapped for use by armed militias in ongoing conflicts. Children are also used as suicide bombers and human shields. For instance in Iraq, ISIL and other extremist groups traffic boys and young men, including members of the Yazidi minority, into armed conflict, radicalize them to commit terrorist acts using deception, death threats or the offer of money and women as rewards. Others are compelled to work as porters, cooks, guards and messengers or are forced to commit crimes, such as looting and physical and sexual violence. Boys and girls in these situations are often sexually abused and may also be forced to take drugs.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- While forcible recruitment of children often involves abduction or coercion, recruiters also appeal to notions of martyrdom or social and economic factors or employ trickery or indoctrination to enlist children. There are instances where the Internet, particularly social media, has been used by extremist groups to exploit the vulnerability of young educated children from middle class families in Western countries to recruit them using deception. Moreover, children are especially vulnerable to being trafficked into military service if they are separated from their families, are displaced from their homes, live in combat areas or have limited access to education.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Youth
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Post-conflict situations are typically characterized by absent or dysfunctional justice and law enforcement institutions; a consequent climate of impunity that fosters violent criminal networks; high levels of poverty and lack of basic resources; significant inequality; large populations of highly vulnerable individuals (displaced persons, returnees, widows, unaccompanied children); fractured communities and lack of trust; and militarized societies tolerant of extreme levels of violence. These features render men, women and children in post-conflict societies especially vulnerable to trafficking.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- Prohibition on recruitment and use of child soldiers. International law - both human rights law and international humanitarian law in their treaty and customary forms - prohibits, absolutely, the recruitment of children into armed conflict, whether by armed forces or armed groups. This prohibition forms part of a broader rule that children must not be allowed to take part in hostilities. While the definition of "child" in international law encompasses persons up to 18 years of age, most treaty-based prohibitions on the use and recruitment of child soldiers stipulate that the prohibition applies to children under the age of 15.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 69g
- Paragraph text
- All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:Establish and/or adapt national procedures for assistance and protection services for victims and potential victims of trafficking in persons, including gender- and child-sensitive measures, to detect trafficking cases and indications of the risk of trafficking in all locations where there are large influxes of refugees and migrants, including hotspots, reception centres and administrative detention centres for migrants;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 64g
- Paragraph text
- [All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:] Establish and/or adapt national referral mechanisms for assistance and protection services, including gender- and child-sensitive measures, for victims and potential victims of trafficking in persons, involving national authorities and civil society organizations in the decision-making, especially relating to the identification and protection of victims and potential victims;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 71a
- Paragraph text
- [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Prevent trafficking in persons, especially targeting isolated children such as orphans, children left behind by parents fleeing conflict, children moving alone to flee conflict areas or those in camps, in cooperation with civil society organizations, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- Conflict-related violence, such as sexual violence, can itself be a driver of forced internal displacement, which in turn increases vulnerability to further exploitation, including through trafficking. For instance, in Colombia, sexual violence by armed groups has forced ethnic minority women and girls in remote rural areas away from their communities and placed them at greater risk of trafficking within the country as well as overseas. Additionally in Myanmar, worsening security situations and overcrowded camps with inadequate basic services cause some internally displaced persons along the border between Kachin State and China to risk crossing borders into China in an irregular manner in search of employment, putting themselves at high risk of exploitation because of their lack of legal status. Military attacks on camps further worsen displacement and cause undocumented internally displaced persons, including women and unaccompanied children, to flee their camps, exposing them to the risk of being exploited or trafficked. In contexts such as South Sudan, the Sudan and the Syrian Arab Republic, parties to conflict took advantage of the vulnerability of displaced and refugee populations to recruit children and commit crimes, including sexual violence and abduction. Security forces in the Democratic Republic of Congo have trafficked displaced persons as forced labourers in mines.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- In addition, the United Nations should ensure that child trafficking is linked to the six grave violations and abuses against children. Such violations should be taken into consideration as grounds on which to bar countries that are repeatedly listed in the annual reports of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict as being involved in such violations from contributing troops to United Nations operations.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 66c
- Paragraph text
- [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Recognize the specific vulnerability of trafficked girls or potential victims of trafficking for sexual and labour exploitation in conflict and post-conflict situations and take measure to reduce the vulnerabilities;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 64a
- Paragraph text
- [All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:] Protect people, particularly children, women and minority groups in conflict-affected areas and people fleeing conflict, from all forms of trafficking in persons;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 66b
- Paragraph text
- [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Adopt proactive measures to protect children caught in conflict that are based on the best interest of the child and in line with international humanitarian, human rights and refugee law, when indications of child trafficking or risk of child trafficking are identified;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- It is estimated that 10 to 30 per cent of children in fighting forces are female. Girls who are forcibly recruited or abducted into military service typically face forced domestic labour and sexual violence and exploitation such as forced marriage and/or sexual slavery (see paras. 32-35 below). It is important to acknowledge that while violence and exploitation are often defining aspects of the female experience of conflict, this is not always the case. Young women and girls have also been involved in trafficking by deceiving other girls and boys into joining armed conflict, using the Internet and social media.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- After fleeing conflict, children may be compelled to work to sustain themselves and/or to support their families. Unaccompanied children often have no choice but to work to meet their basic needs. Iraqi and Syrian refugee children in Lebanon, for example, work in textile factories, in construction, in the food service industry, in agricultural labour or as street vendors in conditions amounting to forced labour. There appear to be organized systems within refugee camps for making these work arrangements. In May 2015, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reported that there were at least 1,500 children, 75 per cent of whom were Syrian, begging or working as street vendors in and around Beirut, working excessive hours to earn income for their families. These child labour situations often mask other forms of exploitation, such as trafficking for forced labour and sexual exploitation, and have negative consequences on children's health and education.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo