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Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 2a
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives of the general comment are:] To strengthen understanding of the human rights of all young children and to draw States parties' attention to their obligations towards young children;
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 7
- Paragraph text
- Respecting the distinctive interests, experiences and challenges facing every young child is the starting point for realizing their rights during this crucial phase of their lives.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence 2011, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Violence in the mass media. Mass media, especially tabloids and the yellow press, tend to highlight shocking occurrences and as a result create a biased and stereotyped image of children, in particular of disadvantaged children or adolescents, who are often portrayed as violent or delinquent just because they may behave or dress in a different way. Such stirred-up stereotypes pave the way for State policies based on a punitive approach, which may include violence as a reaction to assumed or factual misdemeanours of children and young persons.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Adolescents
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence 2011, para. 20b
- Paragraph text
- [Neglect or negligent treatment. Neglect means the failure to meet children's physical and psychological needs, protect them from danger, or obtain medical, birth registration or other services when those responsible for children's care have the means, knowledge and access to services to do so. It includes:] Psychological or emotional neglect: including lack of any emotional support and love, chronic inattention to the child, caregivers being "psychologically unavailable" by overlooking young children's cues and signals, and exposure to intimate partner violence, drug or alcohol abuse;
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence 2011, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- Violence among children. This includes physical, psychological and sexual violence, often by bullying, exerted by children against other children, frequently by groups of children, which not only harms a child's physical and psychological integrity and well-being in the immediate term, but often has severe impact on his or her development, education and social integration in the medium and long term. Also, violence by youth gangs takes a severe toll on children, whether as victims or as participants. Although children are the actors, the role of adults responsible for these children is crucial in all attempts to appropriately react and prevent such violence, ensuring that measures do not exacerbate violence by taking a punitive approach and using violence against violence.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 36i
- Paragraph text
- Deviant behaviour and lawbreaking (art. 40). Under no circumstances should young children (defined as under 8 years old; see paragraph 4) be included in legal definitions of minimum age of criminal responsibility. Young children who misbehave or violate laws require sympathetic help and understanding, with the goal of increasing their capacities for personal control, social empathy and conflict resolution. States parties should ensure that parents/caregivers are provided adequate support and training to fulfil their responsibilities (art. 18) and that young children have access to quality early childhood education and care, and (where appropriate) specialist guidance/therapies.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- Gender-based discrimination is particularly pervasive, affecting a wide range of outcomes, from female infanticide/foeticide to discriminatory infant and young child feeding practices, gender stereotyping and access to services. Attention should be given to the differing needs of girls and boys, and the impact of gender-related social norms and values on the health and development of boys and girls. Attention also needs to be given to harmful gender-based practices and norms of behaviour that are ingrained in traditions and customs and undermine the right to health of girls and boys.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Youth
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
The right of the child to have his or her best interest taken as a primary consideration 2013, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- Children are not a homogeneous group and therefore diversity must be taken into account when assessing their best interests. The identity of the child includes characteristics such as sex, sexual orientation, national origin, religion and beliefs, cultural identity, personality. Although children and young people share basic universal needs, the expression of those needs depends on a wide range of personal, physical, social and cultural aspects, including their evolving capacities. The right of the child to preserve his or her identity is guaranteed by the Convention (art. 8) and must be respected and taken into consideration in the assessment of the child's best interests.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- Social trends and the role of the family. The Convention emphasizes that "both parents have common responsibilities for the upbringing and development of the child", with fathers and mothers recognized as equal caregivers (art. 18.1). The Committee notes that in practice family patterns are variable and changing in many regions, as is the availability of informal networks of support for parents, with an overall trend towards greater diversity in family size, parental roles and arrangements for bringing up children. These trends are especially significant for young children, whose physical, personal and psychological development is best provided for within a small number of consistent, caring relationships. Typically, these relationships are with some combination of mother, father, siblings, grandparents and other members of the extended family, along with professional caregivers specialized in childcare and education. The Committee acknowledges that each of these relationships can make a distinctive contribution to the fulfilment of children's rights under the Convention and that a range of family patterns may be consistent with promoting children's well being. In some countries and regions, shifting social attitudes towards family, marriage and parenting are impacting on young children's experiences of early childhood, for example following family separations and reformations. Economic pressures also impact on young children, for example, where parents are forced to work far away from their families and their communities. In other countries and regions, the illness and death of one or both parents or other kin due to HIV/AIDS is now a common feature of early childhood. These and many other factors impact on parents' capacities to fulfil their responsibilities towards children. More generally, during periods of rapid social change, traditional practices may no longer be viable or relevant to present parental circumstances and lifestyles, but without sufficient time having elapsed for new practices to be assimilated and new parental competencies understood and valued.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- Best interests of the child. Article 3 sets out the principle that the best interests of the child are a primary consideration in all actions concerning children. By virtue of their relative immaturity, young children are reliant on responsible authorities to assess and represent their rights and best interests in relation to decisions and actions that affect their well being, while taking account of their views and evolving capacities. The principle of best interests appears repeatedly within the Convention (including in articles 9, 18, 20 and 21, which are most relevant to early childhood). The principle of best interests applies to all actions concerning children and requires active measures to protect their rights and promote their survival, growth, and well being, as well as measures to support and assist parents and others who have day to day responsibility for realizing children's rights:
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- Right to rest, leisure and play. The Committee notes that insufficient attention has been given by States parties and others to the implementation of the provisions of article 31 of the Convention, which guarantees "the right of the child to rest and leisure, to engage in play and recreational activities appropriate to the age of the child and to participate freely in cultural life and the arts". Play is one of the most distinctive features of early childhood. Through play, children both enjoy and challenge their current capacities, whether they are playing alone or with others. The value of creative play and exploratory learning is widely recognized in early childhood education. Yet realizing the right to rest, leisure and play is often hindered by a shortage of opportunities for young children to meet, play and interact in child centred, secure, supportive, stimulating and stress free environments. Children's right to play space is especially at risk in many urban environments, where the design and density of housing, commercial centres and transport systems combine with noise, pollution and all manner of dangers to create a hazardous environment for young children. Children's right to play can also be frustrated by excessive domestic chores (especially affecting girls) or by competitive schooling. Accordingly, the Committee appeals to States parties, non governmental organizations and private actors to identify and remove potential obstacles to the enjoyment of these rights by the youngest children, including as part of poverty reduction strategies. Planning for towns, and leisure and play facilities should take account of children's right to express their views (art. 12), through appropriate consultations. In all these respects, States parties are encouraged to pay greater attention and allocate adequate resources (human and financial) to the implementation of the right to rest, leisure and play.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Education
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Children’s rights in juvenile justice 2007, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- [Article 40 (3) of CRC requires States parties to seek to promote, inter alia, the establishment of a minimum age below which children shall be presumed not to have the capacity to infringe the penal law, but does not mention a specific minimum age in this regard. The committee understands this provision as an obligation for States parties to set a minimum age of criminal responsibility (MACR). This minimum age means the following:] Children who commit an offence at an age below that minimum cannot be held responsible in a penal law procedure. Even (very) young children do have the capacity to infringe the penal law but if they commit an offence when below MACR the irrefutable assumption is that they cannot be formally charged and held responsible in a penal law procedure. For these children special protective measures can be taken if necessary in their best interests;
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2007
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Resource allocation for early childhood. In order to ensure that young children's rights are fully realized during this crucial phase of their lives (and bearing in mind the impact of early childhood experiences on their long term prospects), States parties are urged to adopt comprehensive, strategic and time bound plans for early childhood within a rights based framework. This requires an increase in human and financial resource allocations for early childhood services and programmes (art. 4). The Committee acknowledges that States parties implementing child rights in early childhood do so from very different starting points, in terms of existing infrastructures for early childhood policies, services and professional training, as well as levels of resources potentially available to allocate to early childhood. The Committee also acknowledges that States parties may be faced with competing priorities to implement rights throughout childhood, for example where universal health services and primary education have still not been achieved. It is nonetheless important that there be sufficient public investment in services, infrastructure and overall resources specifically allocated to early childhood, for the many reasons set out in this general comment. In this connection, States parties are encouraged to develop strong and equitable partnerships between the Government, public services, non governmental organizations, the private sector and families to finance comprehensive services in support of young children's rights. Finally, the Committee emphasizes that where services are decentralized, this should not be to the disadvantage of young children.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
The right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other cruel and degrading forms of punishment 2006, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- The Committee also underlines in general comment No. 5 the importance of independent monitoring of implementation by, for example, parliamentary committees, NGOs, academic institutions, professional associations, youth groups and independent human rights institutions (see also the Committee's general comment No. 2 on "The role of independent national human rights institutions in the protection and promotion of the rights of the child"). These could all play an important role in monitoring the realization of children's right to protection from all corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
General Measures of Implementation of the Convention of the Rights of the Child 2003, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- The Committee believes a comprehensive review of all domestic legislation and related administrative guidance to ensure full compliance with the Convention is an obligation. Its experience in examining not only initial but now second and third periodic reports under the Convention suggests that the review process at the national level has, in most cases, been started, but needs to be more rigorous. The review needs to consider the Convention not only article by article, but also holistically, recognizing the interdependence and indivisibility of human rights. The review needs to be continuous rather than one-off, reviewing proposed as well as existing legislation. And while it is important that this review process should be built into the machinery of all relevant government departments, it is also advantageous to have independent review by, for example, parliamentary committees and hearings, national human rights institutions, NGOs, academics, affected children and young people and others.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2003
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
State obligations regarding the impact of the business sector on children’s rights 2013, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- When States develop national strategies and plans of action for implementation of the Convention and the Optional Protocols thereto, they should include explicit reference to the measures required to respect, protect and fulfil children's rights in the actions and operations of business enterprises. States should also ensure that they monitor progress in implementation of the Convention in the activities and operations of business. This can be achieved both internally through the use of child rights impact assessments and evaluations, as well as through collaboration with other bodies such as parliamentary committees, civil society organizations, professional associations and national human rights institutions. Monitoring should include asking children directly for their views on the impact of business on their rights. Different mechanisms for consultation can be used, such as youth councils and parliaments, social media, school councils and associations of children.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- Definition of early childhood. Definitions of early childhood vary in different countries and regions, according to local traditions and the organization of primary school systems. In some countries, the transition from preschool to school occurs soon after 4 years old. In other countries, this transition takes place at around 7 years old. In its consideration of rights in early childhood, the Committee wishes to include all young children: at birth and throughout infancy; during the preschool years; as well as during the transition to school. Accordingly, the Committee proposes as an appropriate working definition of early childhood the period from birth to the age of 8 years; States parties should review their obligations towards young children in the context of this definition.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- Respect for the views and feelings of the young child. Article 12 states that the child has a right to express his or her views freely in all matters affecting the child, and to have them taken into account. This right reinforces the status of the young child as an active participant in the promotion, protection and monitoring of their rights. Respect for the young child's agency as a participant in family, community and society is frequently overlooked, or rejected as inappropriate on the grounds of age and immaturity. In many countries and regions, traditional beliefs have emphasized young children's need for training and socialization. They have been regarded as undeveloped, lacking even basic capacities for understanding, communicating and making choices. They have been powerless within their families, and often voiceless and invisible within society. The Committee wishes to emphasize that article 12 applies both to younger and to older children. As holders of rights, even the youngest children are entitled to express their views, which should be "given due weight in accordance with the age and maturity of the child" (art. 12.1). Young children are acutely sensitive to their surroundings and very rapidly acquire understanding of the people, places and routines in their lives, along with awareness of their own unique identity. They make choices and communicate their feelings, ideas and wishes in numerous ways, long before they are able to communicate through the conventions of spoken or written language. In this regard:
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- This general comment arises out of the Committee's experiences of reviewing States parties' reports. In many cases, very little information has been offered about early childhood, with comments limited mainly to child mortality, birth registration and health care. The Committee felt the need for a discussion on the broader implications of the Convention on the Rights of the Child for young children. Accordingly, in 2004, the Committee devoted its day of general discussion to the theme "Implementing child rights in early childhood". This resulted in a set of recommendations (see CRC/C/143, sect. VII) as well as the decision to prepare a general comment on this important topic. Through this general comment, the Committee wishes to encourage recognition that young children are holders of all rights enshrined in the Convention and that early childhood is a critical period for the realization of these rights. The Committee's working definition of "early childhood" is all young children: at birth and throughout infancy; during the preschool years; as well as during the transition to school (see paragraph 4 below).
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 14c
- Paragraph text
- States parties should take all appropriate measures to promote the active involvement of parents, professionals and responsible authorities in the creation of opportunities for young children to progressively exercise their rights within their everyday activities in all relevant settings, including by providing training in the necessary skills. To achieve the right of participation requires adults to adopt a child centred attitude, listening to young children and respecting their dignity and their individual points of view. It also requires adults to show patience and creativity by adapting their expectations to a young child's interests, levels of understanding and preferred ways of communicating.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- Young children's vulnerability to risks. Throughout this general comment the Committee notes that large numbers of young children grow up in difficult circumstances that are frequently in violation of their rights. Young children are especially vulnerable to the harm caused by unreliable, inconsistent relationships with parents and caregivers, or growing up in extreme poverty and deprivation, or being surrounded by conflict and violence or displaced from their homes as refugees, or any number of other adversities prejudicial to their well being. Young children are less able to comprehend these adversities or resist harmful effects on their health, or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development. They are especially at risk where parents or other caregivers are unable to offer adequate protection, whether due to illness, or death, or due to disruption to families or communities. Whatever the difficult circumstances, young children require particular consideration because of the rapid developmental changes they are experiencing; they are more vulnerable to disease, trauma, and distorted or disturbed development, and they are relatively powerless to avoid or resist difficulties and are dependent on others to offer protection and promote their best interests. In the following paragraphs, the Committee draws States parties' attention to major difficult circumstances referred to in the Convention that have clear implications for rights in early childhood. This list is not exhaustive, and children may in any case be subject to multiple risks. In general, the goal of States parties should be to ensure that every child, in every circumstance, receives adequate protection in fulfilment of their rights:
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 27a
- Paragraph text
- States parties have a responsibility to ensure access to clean drinking water, adequate sanitation, appropriate immunization, good nutrition and medical services, which are essential for young children's health, as is a stress free environment. Malnutrition and disease have long term impacts on children's physical health and development. They affect children's mental state, inhibiting learning and social participation and reducing prospects for realizing their potential. The same applies to obesity and unhealthy lifestyles;
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- Human rights education in early childhood. In light of article 29 and the Committee's general comment No. 1 (2001), the Committee also recommends that States parties include human rights education within early childhood education. Such education should be participatory and empowering to children, providing them with practical opportunities to exercise their rights and responsibilities in ways adapted to their interests, concerns and evolving capacities. Human rights education of young children should be anchored in everyday issues at home, in childcare centres, in early education programmes and other community settings with which young children can identify.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Education
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
The right of the child to be heard 2009, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- [The Committee emphasizes that article 12 imposes no age limit on the right of the child to express her or his views, and discourages States parties from introducing age limits either in law or in practice which would restrict the child's right to be heard in all matters affecting her or him. In this respect, the Committee underlines the following:] Lastly, States parties must be aware of the potential negative consequences of an inconsiderate practice of this right, particularly in cases involving very young children, or in instances where the child has been a victim of a criminal offence, sexual abuse, violence, or other forms of mistreatment. States parties must undertake all necessary measures to ensure that the right to be heard is exercised ensuring full protection of the child.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2009
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 13b
- Paragraph text
- Best interests of young children as a group or constituency. All law and policy development, administrative and judicial decision making and service provision that affect children must take account of the best interests principle. This includes actions directly affecting children (e.g. related to health services, care systems, or schools), as well as actions that indirectly impact on young children (e.g. related to the environment, housing or transport).
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Treatment of Unaccompanied and Separated Children Outside Their Country of Origin 2005, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- Unaccompanied or separated children for whom there is no indication of being in need of international protection should not automatically, or otherwise, be referred to asylum procedures, but shall be protected pursuant to other relevant child protection mechanisms such as those provided under youth welfare legislation.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Youth
- Año
- 2005
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 6e
- Paragraph text
- [Features of early childhood. Early childhood is a critical period for realizing children's rights. During this period:] Young children's earliest years are the foundation for their physical and mental health, emotional security, cultural and personal identity, and developing competencies;
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- Early childhood education. The Convention recognizes the right of the child to education, and primary education should be made compulsory and available free to all (art. 28). The Committee recognizes with appreciation that some States parties are planning to make one year of preschool education available and free of cost for all children. The Committee interprets the right to education during early childhood as beginning at birth and closely linked to young children's right to maximum development (art. 6.2). Linking education to development is elaborated in article 29.1: "States parties agree that the education of the child shall be directed to: (a) the development of the child's personality, talents and mental and physical abilities to their fullest potential". General comment No. 1 on the aims of education explains that the goal is to "empower the child by developing his or her skills, learning and other capacities, human dignity, self esteem and self confidence" and that this must be achieved in ways that are child centred, child friendly and reflect the rights and inherent dignity of the child (para. 2). States parties are reminded that children's right to education include all children, and that girls should be enabled to participate in education, without discrimination of any kind (art. 2).
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- A positive agenda for early childhood. The Committee encourages States parties to construct a positive agenda for rights in early childhood. A shift away from traditional beliefs that regard early childhood mainly as a period for the socialization of the immature human being towards mature adult status is required. The Convention requires that children, including the very youngest children, be respected as persons in their own right. Young children should be recognized as active members of families, communities and societies, with their own concerns, interests and points of view. For the exercise of their rights, young children have particular requirements for physical nurturance, emotional care and sensitive guidance, as well as for time and space for social play, exploration and learning. These requirements can best be planned for within a framework of laws, policies and programmes for early childhood, including a plan for implementation and independent monitoring, for example through the appointment of a children's rights commissioner, and through assessments of the impact of laws and policies on children (see general comment No. 2 (2002) on the role of independent human rights institutions, para. 19).
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo
Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 11b (i)
- Paragraph text
- [Right to non discrimination. Article 2 ensures rights to every child, without discrimination of any kind. The Committee urges States parties to identify the implications of this principle for realizing rights in early childhood:] [Article 2 also means that particular groups of young children must not be discriminated against. Discrimination may take the form of reduced levels of nutrition; inadequate care and attention; restricted opportunities for play, learning and education; or inhibition of free expression of feelings and views. Discrimination may also be expressed through harsh treatment and unreasonable expectations, which may be exploitative or abusive. For example:] Discrimination against girl children is a serious violation of rights, affecting their survival and all areas of their young lives as well as restricting their capacity to contribute positively to society. They may be victims of selective abortion, genital mutilation, neglect and infanticide, including through inadequate feeding in infancy. They may be expected to undertake excessive family responsibilities and deprived of opportunities to participate in early childhood and primary education;
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- Youth
- Año
- 2006
- Tipo de párrafo
- Other
Párrafo