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Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- States have an obligation under international human rights law to protect against human rights abuses perpetrated by third parties, including business enterprises, within their territory and/or jurisdiction. States’ obligations to prevent and combat trafficking in persons are clearly established in international human rights instruments. For example, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights prohibits slavery and forced or compulsory labour (art. 8) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child imposes on States parties an obligation to take all appropriate national, bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent the abduction of, the sale of or traffic in children for any purpose or in any form (art. 35).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- Feedback generated from consultations held with multi-stakeholder initiatives and private sector representatives indicated that while this type of legislation represents a good starting point for most companies and facilitates the mainstreaming of transparency efforts in smaller companies, more transparency is needed. In addition, private sector stakeholders consulted agreed on the need for stronger normative frameworks at the State level that would establish, based on international standards, clear expectations for businesses regarding their obligations to respect workers’ rights and to protect workers from labour abuses. Stronger normative frameworks would not only help businesses to ensure that their suppliers are bound to the same level of commitment regarding the elimination of trafficking in persons and respect for workers’ rights, but would also help to guarantee an even playing field for those who conduct their operations in accordance with those standards.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- In 2016, together with Verité, an international non-governmental organization, the Special Rapporteur, thanks to earmarked contributions received for this purpose, launched a new project building on the previous work carried out under the mandate on addressing the risks of trafficking in persons in global supply chains. The goal of the project is to reduce the vulnerability that workers face in supply chains and tackle the risks of trafficking in persons by strengthening multi-stakeholder and industry-based strategies, and to promote the catalysing effect of multi-stakeholder initiatives and industry coalitions to enhance efforts made by businesses to improve their policies and measures to address trafficking in persons and other types of labour violations.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Furthermore, given the impact that the results of an audit evaluation may have on the business relationships with suppliers, the practices of presenting model factories prepared specifically for audits and model workers coached to respond to auditors have proliferated in the past few years. These practices aggravate yet another challenge of current audit-based monitoring systems, which is the concentration of company resources in monitoring the first tier of their supply chains. It is widely acknowledged that most of the human rights violations and the worst labour abuses occur beyond the first tier of suppliers. However, few companies have extended their due diligence efforts throughout the entire value chain or to include their labour supply chains.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- The first of the two consultations targeted participants in multi-stakeholder initiatives and industry coalitions; the second was aimed at representatives from companies that perform social audits and other types of supply chain assessments.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- Against this backdrop, the Special Rapporteur wishes to make the recommendations listed below.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 66d
- Paragraph text
- [Criteria and indicators should be strengthened in accordance with the benchmarks and indicators for ensuring trafficking-free supply chains proposed by the Special Rapporteur (A/HRC/23/48/Add.4, appendix I) and should include at a minimum the following indicators:] Employers that engage private employment and/or recruitment agencies use only agencies that are licensed or certified by the competent public authority;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 66c
- Paragraph text
- [Criteria and indicators should be strengthened in accordance with the benchmarks and indicators for ensuring trafficking-free supply chains proposed by the Special Rapporteur (A/HRC/23/48/Add.4, appendix I) and should include at a minimum the following indicators:] No fees or costs for recruitment are charged, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, to the worker, including costs associated with the processing of official documents and work visas;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 61a
- Paragraph text
- [Participants identified several other actions and interventions, listed below, which have also helped the Special Rapporteur define areas for further engagement and work under the mandate in strengthening the strategies implemented by multi-stakeholder initiatives and industry coalitions to detect and tackle trafficking in persons:] Corporate codes and policies must be strengthened to address risks of trafficking and forced labour in recruitment and labour supply chains, and must set out specific protections for migrant and other vulnerable workers;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 66h
- Paragraph text
- [Criteria and indicators should be strengthened in accordance with the benchmarks and indicators for ensuring trafficking-free supply chains proposed by the Special Rapporteur (A/HRC/23/48/Add.4, appendix I) and should include at a minimum the following indicators:] Workers that earn wages calculated on a performance-related basis do not earn less than the legally mandated minimum wage;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- Multi-stakeholder initiatives should provide specific training to auditors and assurance providers on trafficking in persons to improve their skills in risk detection and evaluation of risk indicators; the training should also cover how to interview workers and should raise awareness of worker vulnerabilities, including those related to gender or migration status.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- Assurance providers and auditing companies should ensure that auditors performing workplace assessments are trained in identifying and evaluating risk indicators of trafficking in persons, forced labour and labour exploitation, including risks related to unethical recruitment practices.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 92
- Paragraph text
- Companies should consider publicly disclosing the names of their suppliers, as well as policies and measures implemented to ensure the compliance of suppliers to the company policy, with reference to, inter alia, cases of non-compliance and corrective action taken.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 98f
- Paragraph text
- [States should:] Encourage knowledge-sharing activities with multi-stakeholder initiatives through, inter alia, the establishment of platforms for the exchange of experiences, lessons learned and good practices on voluntary standards that can help in strengthening national and local strategies to enforce and monitor labour standards.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- The governance structure of multi-stakeholder initiatives is usually composed of a wide variety of stakeholders, including businesses, their suppliers and civil society representatives. The multi-stakeholder nature plays an important role, particularly in the standard-setting process, through which stakeholders define the criteria and indicators that the initiative will use to evaluate company compliance with the agreed standard. In this regard, the quality of the criteria and indicators relating to trafficking in persons depends largely on the level of stakeholder awareness of the issue, as well as on the initiative’s success in raising awareness about the standard-setting process among relevant stakeholders, in particular among those that can provide significant feedback. Ultimately, the degree to which this feedback can be integrated into the process will be contingent on the capacity to transmit to other stakeholders the importance and impact that risk indicators relating to trafficking in persons would have in their activities and on their overall performance as measured against labour-related standards.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 62a
- Paragraph text
- [Given the potential that multi-stakeholder initiatives and industry coalitions may have to cascade corporate policies on eliminating trafficking in persons across sectors, and the role the Special Rapporteur can play in providing a powerful and neutral platform, the mandate holder will continue to explore further engagement with such initiatives, specifically to:] Reinforce voluntary standards on trafficking in persons and identify good practices in that area, by providing feedback and expert advice in standard revision processes and by co-developing capacity-building activities for the initiatives and their stakeholders;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- The assurance programme must require that, during auditing exercises or alternative monitoring mechanisms to assess indicators of labour exploitation, sufficient time be allocated for auditors to interview workers, that any necessary interpretation services be provided, that any arrangements necessary to address gender concerns be made, that interviews be held outside the workplace if possible, and that sufficient time be allocated for document review, management interviews, interviews of other relevant stakeholders, such as local trade unions and communities, and report writing.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- Companies should integrate their policies on trafficking in persons, forced labour and any other form of labour exploitation as a binding part of contracts with suppliers. Communication should be clear regarding the application of sanctions in the event of non-compliance by the supplier itself or issues of non-compliance found further down in the supplier’s supply chain, including in their labour supply chain. Sanctions may include the immediate termination of a contract where grave violations of workers’ rights are found. A stepwise plan should be established together with the supplier to ensure that issues of non-compliance are corrected and that workers are not negatively affected by the sanction applied. The plan should include specific timelines and deliverables in order to make it possible to measure improvement in the implementation of the company’s policy.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 112
- Paragraph text
- States should ensure that bilateral and multilateral agreements on labour migration include mechanisms for oversight of recruitment of migrant workers, are concluded between countries of origin, transit and destination, as relevant, and are implemented effectively. States should also ensure that such agreements are consistent with internationally recognized human rights, including fundamental principles and rights at work, and other relevant international human rights instruments and labour standards. Agreements should also contain specific mechanisms to ensure international coordination and cooperation, including on consular protection, and to close regulatory and enforcement gaps related to recruitment across common labour migration corridors.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- Regarding lessons learned and challenges in detecting cases of forced labour and trafficking in persons, representatives of the auditing community were asked to consider the strengths and weaknesses of current audit strategies, including how auditors addressed recruitment and migration practices, how they gathered information from workers, and challenges and constraints related to client expectations.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- Companies have also addressed sustainability concerns through industry-led initiatives. These are industry associations or coalitions that bring together companies around a voluntary code of conduct or standard and a compliance programme on sustainability issues, including human rights and labour standards. While the modus operandi is similar to that of multi-stakeholder initiatives, there may be differences in the organization of the governance structures, with businesses, including suppliers, playing a stronger role.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 61f
- Paragraph text
- [Participants identified several other actions and interventions, listed below, which have also helped the Special Rapporteur define areas for further engagement and work under the mandate in strengthening the strategies implemented by multi-stakeholder initiatives and industry coalitions to detect and tackle trafficking in persons:] Companies that use audits to measure supply-chain compliance are encouraged to review assessment protocols to support improvements in audit quality and create conditions to enable auditors to better identify risks of trafficking;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 61g
- Paragraph text
- [Participants identified several other actions and interventions, listed below, which have also helped the Special Rapporteur define areas for further engagement and work under the mandate in strengthening the strategies implemented by multi-stakeholder initiatives and industry coalitions to detect and tackle trafficking in persons:] New and better data on the risks of forced labour and trafficking in supply chains, disaggregated by region, sector and industry, is needed. Companies and auditors should be encouraged to share anonymized data from audit results;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 66a
- Paragraph text
- [Criteria and indicators should be strengthened in accordance with the benchmarks and indicators for ensuring trafficking-free supply chains proposed by the Special Rapporteur (A/HRC/23/48/Add.4, appendix I) and should include at a minimum the following indicators:] All workers have the freedom to terminate employment at any time, without penalty, by means of reasonable notice, in accordance with national law or collective agreement;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 99
- Paragraph text
- States should protect workers against human rights abuses perpetrated in the recruitment process by employers, labour recruiters and other enterprises. This requires that States take appropriate steps, through effective policies, legislation, regulations and adjudication, to prevent and investigate such abuses, to punish those responsible and to provide redress, and that they exercise and mandate due diligence to ensure that human rights are respected.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- Voluntary standards alone are not sufficient to transform business models. Innovative approaches in sector transformation call for enhanced collaboration with governments. States must guarantee normative frameworks that, on the basis of international standards, protect workers from labour exploitation and set out clear expectations for businesses in this regard.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 66n
- Paragraph text
- [Criteria and indicators should be strengthened in accordance with the benchmarks and indicators for ensuring trafficking-free supply chains proposed by the Special Rapporteur (A/HRC/23/48/Add.4, appendix I) and should include at a minimum the following indicators:] Mandatory residence in employer-operated residences is not a condition of employment;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 102
- Paragraph text
- States should ensure compliance across the recruitment industry with the relevant laws and regulations. Such measures should include public registration, licensing or other regulatory systems. The systems should be effective and transparent and should allow workers and other interested parties to verify the legitimacy of recruitment agencies and placement offers.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 61i
- Paragraph text
- [Participants identified several other actions and interventions, listed below, which have also helped the Special Rapporteur define areas for further engagement and work under the mandate in strengthening the strategies implemented by multi-stakeholder initiatives and industry coalitions to detect and tackle trafficking in persons:] Research on the impact of non-financial reporting legislation should be collected;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- The evaluation of the competence of the auditors is also a key concern. The level of understanding of the complexities of detecting trafficking in persons, forced labour and other types of labour exploitation varies among those in the industry. The skills required to, among other things, interview workers, and an auditor’s comprehensive understanding of the specific vulnerabilities of categories of workers, such as migrant or contract workers, are indispensable to ensuring adequate evaluations of a company’s performance on indicators related to trafficking in persons. Unfortunately, one single team of auditors is often charged with the evaluation of the complete set of indicators, including those on other issues, such as deforestation or corruption. It is unlikely that auditors with expertise in environmental concerns would have also the same level of experience in evaluating corporate practices that represent risk indicators of trafficking in persons or forced labour, especially considering the subtle ways in which such practices may be concealed and the fact that workers themselves may be unaware of the wrongfulness of corporate practices that are perceived as common businesses practices, such as compulsory overtime or the payment of recruitment fees.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo