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Article 19: Freedoms of opinion and expression 2011, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Extreme care must be taken by States parties to ensure that treason laws and similar provisions relating to national security, whether described as official secrets or sedition laws or otherwise, are crafted and applied in a manner that conforms to the strict requirements of paragraph 3. It is not compatible with paragraph 3, for instance, to invoke such laws to suppress or withhold from the public information of legitimate public interest that does not harm national security or to prosecute journalists, researchers, environmental activists, human rights defenders, or others, for having disseminated such information. Nor is it generally appropriate to include in the remit of such laws such categories of information as those relating to the commercial sector, banking and scientific progress. The Committee has found in one case that a restriction on the issuing of a statement in support of a labour dispute, including for the convening of a national strike, was not permissible on the grounds of national security.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2011
- Fecha de adición
- 19 de ago. de 2019
Párrafo
Article 3: The equality of rights between men and women - replaces GC No. 4 2000, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- The right to equality before the law and freedom from discrimination, protected by article 26, requires States to act against discrimination by public and private agencies in all fields. Discrimination against women in areas such as social security laws (communications Nos. 172/84, Broeks v. Netherlands, Views of 9 April 1987; 182/84, Zwaan de Vries v. the Netherlands, Views of 9 April 1987; 218/1986, Vos v. the Netherlands, Views of 29 March 1989) as well as in the area of citizenship or rights of non-citizens in a country (communication No. 035/1978, Aumeeruddy-Cziffra et al. v. Mauritius, Views adopted 9 April 1981) violates article 26. The commission of so-called "honour crimes" which remain unpunished constitutes a serious violation of the Covenant and in particular of articles 6, 14 and 26. Laws which impose more severe penalties on women than on men for adultery or other offences also violate the requirement of equal treatment. The Committee has also often observed in reviewing States parties' reports that a large proportion of women are employed in areas which are not protected by labour laws and that prevailing customs and traditions discriminate against women, particularly with regard to access to better paid employment and to equal pay for work of equal value. States parties should review their legislation and practices and take the lead in implementing all measures necessary to eliminate discrimination against women in all fields, for example by prohibiting discrimination by private actors in areas such as employment, education, political activities and the provision of accommodation, goods and services. States parties should report on all these measures and provide information on the remedies available to victims of such discrimination.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2000
- Fecha de adición
- 19 de ago. de 2019
Párrafo
Article 1: The right to self-determination of peoples 1984, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- Paragraph 2 affirms a particular aspect of the economic content of the right of self determination, namely the right of peoples, for their own ends, freely to "dispose of their natural wealth and resources without prejudice to any obligations arising out of international economic cooperation, based upon the principle of mutual benefit, and international law. In no case may a people be deprived of its own means of subsistence". This right entails corresponding duties for all States and the international community. States should indicate any factors or difficulties which prevent the free disposal of their natural wealth and resources contrary to the provisions of this paragraph and to what extent that affects the enjoyment of other rights set forth in the Covenant.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1984
- Fecha de adición
- 19 de ago. de 2019
Párrafo
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