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The girl child 1998, para. g
- Paragraph text
- [Actions to be taken by Governments, civil society and the United Nations system, as appropriate:] Recognize and protect from discrimination pregnant adolescents and young mothers and support their continued access to information, health care, nutrition, education and training;
- Organismo
- Commission on the Status of Women
- Tipo de documento
- CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Adolescents
- Children
- Girls
- Infants
- Youth
- Año
- 1998
Párrafo
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 8.18
- Paragraph text
- For infants and children to receive the best nutrition and for specific protection against a range of diseases, breast-feeding should be protected, promoted and supported. By means of legal, economic, practical and emotional support, mothers should be enabled to breast-feed their infants exclusively for four to six months without food or drink supplementation and to continue breast- feeding infants with appropriate and adequate complementary food up to the age of two years or beyond. To achieve these goals, Governments should promote public information on the benefits of breast-feeding; health personnel should receive training on the management of breast-feeding; and countries should examine ways and means to implement fully the WHO International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes.
- Organismo
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Tipo de documento
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 1994
Párrafo
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 8.15b
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives are:] To improve the health and nutritional status of infants and children;
- Organismo
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Tipo de documento
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 1994
Párrafo
Sustainable Development Summit: Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 2015, para. 2.1
- Paragraph text
- By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Infants
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Sustainable Development Summit: Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 2015, para. 2.1
- Paragraph text
- By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Infants
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
The right to adequate food (Art. 11) 1999, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Appropriate United Nations programmes and agencies should assist, upon request, in drafting the framework legislation and in reviewing the sectoral legislation. FAO, for example, has considerable expertise and accumulated knowledge concerning legislation in the field of food and agriculture. The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) has equivalent expertise concerning legislation with regard to the right to adequate food for infants and young children through maternal and child protection including legislation to enable breastfeeding, and with regard to the regulation of marketing of breast milk substitutes.
- Organismo
- Committee on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Youth
- Año
- 1999
Párrafo
Rights of rural women 2016, para. 39d
- Paragraph text
- [States parties should safeguard the right of rural women and girls to adequate health care, and ensure:] The systematic and regular monitoring of the health and nutritional status of pregnant women and new mothers, especially adolescent mothers, and their infants. In case of malnutrition or lack of access to clean water, extra food rations and drinking water should be provided systematically throughout pregnancy and lactation;
- Organismo
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Adolescents
- Girls
- Infants
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
The right to adequate food (Art. 11) 1999, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- Accessibility encompasses both economic and physical accessibility: Economic accessibility implies that personal or household financial costs associated with the acquisition of food for an adequate diet should be at a level such that the attainment and satisfaction of other basic needs are not threatened or compromised. Economic accessibility applies to any acquisition pattern or entitlement through which people procure their food and is a measure of the extent to which it is satisfactory for the enjoyment of the right to adequate food. Socially vulnerable groups such as landless persons and other particularly impoverished segments of the population may need attention through special programmes. Physical accessibility implies that adequate food must be accessible to everyone, including physically vulnerable individuals, such as infants and young children, elderly people, the physically disabled, the terminally ill and persons with persistent medical problems, including the mentally ill. Victims of natural disasters, people living in disaster-prone areas and other specially disadvantaged groups may need special attention and sometimes priority consideration with respect to accessibility of food. A particular vulnerability is that of many indigenous population groups whose access to their ancestral lands may be threatened.
- Organismo
- Committee on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Infants
- Año
- 1999
Párrafo
The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- Among the key determinants of children's health, nutrition and development are the realization of the mother's right to health and the role of parents and other caregivers. A significant number of infant deaths occur during the neonatal period, related to the poor health of the mother prior to, and during, the pregnancy and the immediate post-partum period, and to suboptimal breastfeeding practices. The health and health-related behaviours of parents and other significant adults have a major impact on children's health.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Infants
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
Article 6: The right to life 1982, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- Moreover, the Committee has noted that the right to life has been too often narrowly interpreted. The expression “inherent right to life” cannot properly be understood in a restrictive manner, and the protection of this right requires that States adopt positive measures. In this connection, the Committee considers that it would be desirable for States parties to take all possible measures to reduce infant mortality and to increase life expectancy, especially in adopting measures to eliminate malnutrition and epidemics.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Infants
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo
The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- Measures for fulfilling States' obligations to ensure access to nutritionally adequate, culturally appropriate and safe food and to combat malnutrition will need to be adopted according to the specific context. Effective direct nutrition interventions for pregnant women include addressing anaemia and folic acid and iodine deficiency and providing calcium supplementation. Prevention and management of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, should be ensured for all women of reproductive age to benefit their health and ensure healthy foetal and infant development.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Women
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
Right to food 2012, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes which are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and children and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of two years;
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
The right to food 2016, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and in children, and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years;
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
A world fit for children 2002, para. 37.13
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals and targets, taking into account the best interests of the child, consistent with national laws, religious and ethical values and cultural backgrounds of the people, and in conformity with all human rights and fundamental freedoms, we will carry out the following strategies and actions:] Improve the nutrition of mothers and children, including adolescents, through household food security, access to basic social services and adequate caring practices.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Adolescents
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2002
Párrafo
The right to food 2013, para. 30c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of countries to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of 2 years;
- Organismo
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
The right to food 2016, para. 36c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, where appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of States to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of 2 years;
- Organismo
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Right to food 2014, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and children and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years;
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2014
Párrafo
The right to food 2012, para. 43c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of countries to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of two years;
- Organismo
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
The right to food 2014, para. 33c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of countries to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of 2 years;
- Organismo
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2014
Párrafo
The rights of the child 2008, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Expresses grave concern at the worsening of the world food crisis, which seriously undermines the realization of the right to food for all, including mothers and children, and also expresses grave concern that this crisis threatens to further undermine the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and stresses that solutions need a comprehensive and multifaceted approach requiring short-, medium- and long-term and sustained actions;
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2008
Párrafo
Right to food 2015, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and in children, and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years;
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Right to food 2013, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes which are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and children and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years;
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
The right to food 2015, para. 35c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, where appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of States to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of 2 years;
- Organismo
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Rights of the child: The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations, to combat all forms of malnutrition and to support the national plans and programmes of countries to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, up to the age of 2 years, and to reaffirm the rights of everyone to have access to safe and nutritious food, consistent with the right to adequate food and the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger so as to be able to fully develop and maintain their physical and mental capacities;
- Organismo
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Tipo de documento
- Resolution
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
The right to an adequate diet: the agriculture-food-health nexus 2012, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Governments have become aware of the adverse impacts of the spread of non-communicable diseases, caused by suboptimal breastfeeding and young child feeding and unhealthy diets, and they recognize the urgent need to take action. In 2002 and 2004, respectively, WHA adopted the Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding and the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health. The latter recommends, inter alia, reducing energy intake from total fats, shifting fat consumption away from saturated fats to unsaturated fats, and eliminating trans-fatty acids; increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables, legumes, whole grains and nuts; limiting the intake of free sugars; limiting salt consumption and ensuring that all salt is iodized. States are encouraged to adopt a national strategy on diets and physical activity; to provide accurate and balanced information to consumers; to align food and agricultural policies with the requirements of public health; and to use school policies and programmes to encourage healthy diets. Infant food manufacturers are expected to comply with provisions of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and subsequent relevant WHA resolutions and manufacture their products according to Codex Alimentarius standards. The agrifood industry is expected to reduce the fat, sugar and salt content of processed foods and portion sizes, to increase nutritious and healthy choices, and to review their marketing practices. More recently, in 2011, Governments pledged to promote, protect and support breastfeeding and strengthen the implementation of the International Code and to "reduce the impact of the common non-communicable disease risk factors," including unhealthy diets, by implementing "relevant international agreements and strategies, and education, legislative, regulatory and fiscal measures."
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
The right to an adequate diet: the agriculture-food-health nexus 2012, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Premature deaths resulting from non-communicable diseases linked to bad diets are deaths that can be avoided, and States have a duty to protect in this regard. By implementing the Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding and the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, as well as the Political Declaration of the High-level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases, States are not only making political commitments but also discharging their duty under international human rights law to guarantee the right to adequate food.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
The right to an adequate diet: the agriculture-food-health nexus 2012, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- Second, the focus on pregnant and lactating women and infants in some recent nutrition initiatives, while understandable, should not lessen the need to address the nutritional needs of others, including children, women who are not pregnant or lactating, adolescents and older persons. The right to adequate food, which includes adequate nutrition, is a universal right guaranteed to all. This pleads in favour of broad-based national strategies for the realization of the right to food that address the full range of factors causing malnutrition, rather than narrowly focused initiatives that address the specific needs of a child's development between conception and the second birthday.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Adolescents
- Children
- Infants
- Women
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
The right to an adequate diet: the agriculture-food-health nexus 2012, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- First, it is troubling that the 1981 International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and subsequent World Health Assembly (WHA) resolutions remain under-enforced, despite the wide recognition that exclusive breastfeeding for the six first months and continued breastfeeding, combined with safe and adequate complementary foods, up to 2 years old or beyond is the optimal way of feeding infants, and reduces the risk of obesity and NCDs later in life. Countries committed to scaling up nutrition should begin by regulating the marketing of commercial infant formula and other breast-milk substitutes, in accordance with WHA resolution 63.23, and by implementing the full set of WHO recommendations on the marketing of breast-milk substitutes and of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children, in accordance with WHA resolution 63.14.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Vision of the mandate 2014, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Although issues of undernutrition are often framed in terms of disability prevention, good nutrition is also vital for those who already live with a disability. Infants and children with disabilities suffer the same ill-effects of undernutrition as those without: poorer health outcomes; missing or delayed developmental milestones; avoidable secondary impairments; and, in extreme circumstances, premature death. The exclusion of children and adults with disabilities from nutritional outreach efforts on the basis of the incorrect belief that preserving the life of a child or adult with a disability is of lower priority than preserving the life of someone who is not disabled must be addressed by tackling such discriminatory social and cultural norms which advocate this.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Persons with disabilities
- Año
- 2014
Párrafo
Vision of the mandate 2014, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- A right-to-food approach requires that States fulfil their obligation to ensure that safe, nutritionally adequate and culturally acceptable food is available; they must also respect and protect consumers and promote good nutrition for all. The Voluntary Guidelines, in particular Guidelines 9, on food safety and consumer protection, and 10, on nutrition, can guide States in the establishment and maintenance of effective food and nutrition policies, thereby increasing the protection of the most vulnerable from unsafe food and inadequate diets, while helping to combat overweight and obesity. The Convention on the Rights of the Child indicates that access to adequate nutrition, including family support for optimal feeding practices, is a right that should be supported for every child. The Special Rapporteur believes that increased focus must be placed on mother and child nutrition as the core of a healthy start in life, with the correlation between infant and young child feeding and food security being treated as a priority in all global food and nutrition security programmes and with formal recognition at the international and national level, including in legal frameworks.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Infants
- Año
- 2014
Párrafo