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Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1948
Párrafo
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- (2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1948
Párrafo
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 16.28
- Paragraph text
- The Secretary-General of the United Nations is invited to consult with the various bodies of the United Nations system, as well as with international financial institutions and various bilateral aid organizations and agencies, with a view to promoting an exchange of information among them on the requirements for international assistance and to reviewing, on a regular basis, the specific needs of countries in the field of population and development, including emergency and temporary needs, and maximizing the availability of resources and their most effective utilization.
- Organismo
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Tipo de documento
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 1994
Párrafo
Rio+20 – Conference on Sustainable Development: The future we want 2012, para. 132
- Paragraph text
- We note that transportation and mobility are central to sustainable development. Sustainable transportation can enhance economic growth and improve accessibility. Sustainable transport achieves better integration of the economy while respecting the environment. We recognize the importance of the efficient movement of people and goods and access to environmentally sound, safe and affordable transportation as a means to improve social equity, health, resilience of cities, urban-rural linkages and productivity of rural areas. In this regard, we take into account road safety as part of our efforts to achieve sustainable development.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Temas
- Education
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Return of Persons found not to be in need of International Protection 2003, para. (e) i
- Paragraph text
- [Calls on States to cooperate regarding the efficient and expeditious return of persons found not to be in need of international protection, to their countries of origin, other countries of nationality or countries with an obligation to receive them back, notably by:] cooperating actively, including through their diplomatic and consular offices, in establishing the identity of persons presumed to have a right to return, as well as determining their nationality , where there is no evidence of nationality in the form of genuine travel or other relevant identity documents for the person concerned;
- Organismo
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Tipo de documento
- ExCom Conclusion
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2003
Párrafo
Comprehensive and Regional approaches within a Protection framework 1996, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- Recalling its encouragement to the High Commissioner to engage in consultations on possibilities and initiatives in specific areas with complex problems of coerced population movements as well as on achieving the objective of providing international protection to all who need it,
- Organismo
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Tipo de documento
- ExCom Conclusion
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1996
Párrafo
Legal Safety Issues in the Context of Voluntary Repatriation of Refugees 2004, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- Noting the relevance for voluntary repatriation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women,
- Organismo
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Tipo de documento
- ExCom Conclusion
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2004
Párrafo
Return of Persons found not to be in need of International Protection 2003, para. (a)
- Paragraph text
- Reaffirms the right of everyone to leave any country, including his or her own, and to return to his or her own country as well as the obligation of States to receive back their own nationals, including the facilitation thereof, and remains seriously concerned, as regards the return of persons found not to be in need of international protection, that some countries continue to restrict the return of their own nationals, either outright or through laws and practices which effectively block expeditious return;
- Organismo
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Tipo de documento
- ExCom Conclusion
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2003
Párrafo
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- The permissible limitations which may be imposed on the rights protected under article 12 must not nullify the principle of liberty of movement, and are governed by the requirement of necessity provided for in article 12, paragraph 3, and by the need for consistency with the other rights recognized in the Covenant.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1999
Párrafo
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- In order to enable the individual to enjoy the rights guaranteed by article 12, paragraph 2, obligations are imposed both on the State of residence and on the State of nationality. Since international travel usually requires appropriate documents, in particular a passport, the right to leave a country must include the right to obtain the necessary travel documents. The issuing of passports is normally incumbent on the State of nationality of the individual. The refusal by a State to issue a passport or prolong its validity for a national residing abroad may deprive this person of the right to leave the country of residence and to travel elsewhere. It is no justification for the State to claim that its national would be able to return to its territory without a passport.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1999
Párrafo
Article 4: States of Emergency 2001, para. 13d
- Paragraph text
- [In those provisions of the Covenant that are not listed in article 4, paragraph 2, there are elements that in the Committee's opinion cannot be made subject to lawful derogation under article 4. Some illustrative examples are presented below.] As confirmed by the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, deportation or forcible transfer of population without grounds permitted under international law, in the form of forced displacement by expulsion or other coercive means from the area in which the persons concerned are lawfully present, constitutes a crime against humanity. The legitimate right to derogate from article 12 of the Covenant during a state of emergency can never be accepted as justifying such measures.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2001
Párrafo
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- The law itself has to establish the conditions under which the rights may be limited. State reports should therefore specify the legal norms upon which restrictions are founded. Restrictions which are not provided for in the law or are not in conformity with the requirements of article 12, paragraph 3, would violate the rights guaranteed by paragraphs 1 and 2.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1999
Párrafo
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- The right to move freely relates to the whole territory of a State, including all parts of federal States. According to article 12, paragraph 1, persons are entitled to move from one place to another, and to establish themselves in a place of their choice. The enjoyment of this right must not be made dependent on any particular purpose or reason for the person wanting to move or to stay in a place. Any restrictions must be in conformity with paragraph 3.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1999
Párrafo
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- The principle of proportionality has to be respected not only in the law that frames the restrictions, but also by the administrative and judicial authorities in applying the law. States should ensure that any proceedings relating to the exercise or restriction of these rights are expeditious and that reasons for the application of restrictive measures are provided.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1999
Párrafo
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- In no case may a person be arbitrarily deprived of the right to enter his or her own country. The reference to the concept of arbitrariness in this context is intended to emphasize that it applies to all State action, legislative, administrative, and judicial; it guarantees that even interference provided for by law should be in accordance with the provisions, aims and objectives of the Covenant and should be, in any event, reasonable in the particular circumstances. The Committee considers that there are few, if any, circumstances in which deprivation of the right to enter one's own country could be reasonable. A State party must not, by stripping a person of nationality or by expelling an individual to a third country, arbitrarily prevent this person from returning to his or her own country.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 1999
Párrafo
Article 9: Liberty and security of person 2014, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- The right to life guaranteed by article 6 of the Covenant, including the right to protection of life under article 6, paragraph 1, may overlap with the right to security of person guaranteed by article 9, paragraph 1. The right to personal security may be considered broader to the extent that it also addresses injuries that are not life-threatening. Extreme forms of arbitrary detention that are themselves life-threatening violate the rights to personal liberty and personal security as well as the right to protection of life, in particular enforced disappearances.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
Párrafo
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art. 59. If the whole or part of the population of an occupied territory is inadequately supplied, the Occupying Power shall agree to relief schemes on behalf of the said population, and shall facilitate them by all the means at its disposal. Such schemes, which may be undertaken either by States or by impartial humanitarian organizations such as the International Committee of the Red Cross, shall consist, in particular, of the provision of consignments of foodstuffs, medical supplies and clothing. All Contracting Parties shall permit the free passage of these consignments and shall guarantee their protection. A Power granting free passage to consignments on their way to territory occupied by an adverse Party to the conflict shall, however, have the right to search the consignments, to regulate their passage according to prescribed times and routes, and to be reasonably satisfied through the Protecting Power that these consignments are to be used for the relief of the needy population and are not to be used for the benefit of the Occupying Power.
- Organismo
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art. 70. Protected persons shall not be arrested, prosecuted or convicted by the Occupying Power for acts committed or for opinions expressed before the occupation, or during a temporary interruption thereof, with the exception of breaches of the laws and customs of war. Nationals of the occupying Power who, before the outbreak of hostilities, have sought refuge in the territory of the occupied State, shall not be arrested, prosecuted, convicted or deported from the occupied territory, except for offences committed after the outbreak of hostilities, or for offences under common law committed before the outbreak of hostilities which, according to the law of the occupied State, would have justified extradition in time of peace.
- Organismo
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
ICCPR - International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- 4. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of the right to enter his own country.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1966
Párrafo
The Arms Trade Treaty 2013, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- A State Party may withdraw its reservation at any time by notification to this effect addressed to the Depositary.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art. 45. Protected persons shall not be transferred to a Power which is not a party to the Convention. This provision shall in no way constitute an obstacle to the repatriation of protected persons, or to their return to their country of residence after the cessation of hostilities. This provision shall in no way constitute an obstacle to the repatriation of protected persons, or to their return to their country of residence after the cessation of hostilities. Protected persons may be transferred by the Detaining Power only to a Power which is a party to the present Convention and after the Detaining Power has satisfied itself of the willingness and ability of such transferee Power to apply the present Convention. If protected persons are transferred under such circumstances, responsibility for the application of the present Convention rests on the Power accepting them, while they are in its custody. Nevertheless, if that Power fails to carry out the provisions of the present Convention in any important respect, the Power by which the protected persons were transferred shall, upon being so notified by the Protecting Power, take effective measures to correct the situation or shall request the return of the protected persons. Such request must be complied with. In no circumstances shall a protected person be transferred to a country where he or she may have reason to fear persecution for his or her political opinions or religious beliefs. The provisions of this Article do not constitute an obstacle to the extradition, in pursuance of extradition treaties concluded before the outbreak of hostilities, of protected persons accused of offences against ordinary criminal law.
- Organismo
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art. 54. The Occupying Power may not alter the status of public officials or judges in the occupied territories, or in any way apply sanctions to or take any measures of coercion or discrimination against them, should they abstain from fulfilling their functions for reasons of conscience. This prohibition does not prejudice the application of the second paragraph of Article 51. It does not affect the right of the Occupying Power to remove public officials from their posts.
- Organismo
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
ICCPR - International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- 2. Everyone shall be free to leave any country, including his own.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1966
Párrafo
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. c
- Paragraph text
- Recalling the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the other relevant international instruments in the fields of human rights, humanitarian law and international criminal law,
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2006
Párrafo
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 1a
- Paragraph text
- [1. Each State Party shall take the necessary measures to hold criminally responsible at least:] (a) Any person who commits, orders, solicits or induces the commission of, attempts to commit, is an accomplice to or participates in an enforced disappearance;
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2006
Párrafo
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 2b
- Paragraph text
- [2. Without prejudice to other international obligations of the State Party with regard to the deprivation of liberty, each State Party shall, in its legislation:] (b) Indicate those authorities authorized to order the deprivation of liberty;
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2006
Párrafo
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- 1. No State Party shall expel, return ("refouler"), surrender or extradite a person to another State where there are substantial grounds for believing that he or she would be in danger of being subjected to enforced disappearance.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2006
Párrafo
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- 2. Appropriate measures shall be taken, where necessary, to protect the persons referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, as well as persons participating in the investigation, from any ill-treatment, intimidation or sanction as a result of the search for information concerning a person deprived of liberty.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2006
Párrafo
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- 1. States Parties shall afford one another the greatest measure of mutual legal assistance in connection with criminal proceedings brought in respect of an offence of enforced disappearance, including the supply of all evidence at their disposal that is necessary for the proceedings.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2006
Párrafo
ICED - International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance 2006, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- 2. Before an observation on a State Party is published in the annual report, the State Party concerned shall be informed in advance and shall be given reasonable time to answer. This State Party may request the publication of its comments or observations in the report.
- Organismo
- United Nations General Assembly
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2006
Párrafo