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Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 19
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- Another example is UNICEF, which as part of the United Nations system is bound by the Charter. The Convention on the Rights of the Child (art. 45) explicitly refers to UNICEF as a source of expert assistance and advice, and therefore human rights obligations of UNICEF can be traced back to its special relationship with the Convention.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Participation in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- Children are among those most often excluded from participatory processes, and it must not be assumed that adults will automatically represent their views. It is essential to create the space and allow sufficient time for child-led processes, including to identify issues that are of concern to them, as well as collaborative environments for adults and children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Participation in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child guarantees the child's right to be heard and to have his or her views taken into account. By requiring not only that children be given the opportunity to express their views in all matters affecting them but also that those views be given due weight, the Convention seeks to ensure that children's participation is meaningful.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Planning for the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2011, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- Groups that should have opportunities to participate include civil society organizations, community-based organizations, national human rights institutions, academia and research institutions, the private sector and above all the communities and people concerned themselves, with a special emphasis on women's input. Disadvantaged and at-risk people and communities must be represented, to ensure that participation is not only for a few well-established non-governmental organizations or local elites. Meetings should reach out to people at all levels of society, taking into account constraints that might prevent them from attending. This would mean organizing meetings close to where people live, or work, in all regions of the country, organizing meetings during hours when people are available, using local languages, organizing parent- and child-friendly meetings, using organizations of which people are already members as platforms for undertaking such meetings and other measures, among other channels. The National Human Development Initiative launched in Morocco in 2005 provides an example of a participatory, bottom-up and integrated approach. It resulted in the formal and real involvement of communities, civil society at the local level, and the integration of all local political, economic and social agents in a single process.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Participation in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- The right to participation is firmly grounded in human rights law. Starting from rather general provisions on participation in the conduct of public affairs, recent developments spell out the requirements in more detail. Instruments on child rights, the rights of persons with disabilities and indigenous rights respond to particular challenges faced by certain groups. They also mark a trend towards a broader and more robust understanding of participation that demands inclusive, active, free and meaningful participation in all areas at all stages.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The current UNICEF Strategic Plan (2014-2017) outlines a water, sanitation and hygiene indicator framework including targets for access in households and schools. It designates several outcomes and outputs that express an ample integration of issues of particular relevance to human rights. Some of those targets include enhanced support for children and families leading to sustained use of safe drinking water, adequate sanitation and good hygiene practices; increased national capacity to provide access to those services; strengthened political commitment, accountability and national capacity to legislate, plan and budget for the scaling up of interventions; and increased capacity of Governments of partner States to identify and respond to key issues for the human rights to water and sanitation. Most of the outcomes and outputs in the strategy rely on country-wide measurements, that is, “countries with an established target to provide access to drinking water to underserved populations”.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Development cooperation in the water and sanitation sector 2016, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- In other States, policies specifically concerning the water and sanitation sector contain formulations that reflect the human rights framework in rather distinct ways. For example, the water supply and sanitation assistance strategy of the Japan International Cooperation Agency reflects recognition of the declaration by the General Assembly in 2010 that access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation are basic human rights. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands indicated that the Netherlands recognized the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as basic human rights and that such recognition granted it the ability to point out, during policy discussions with partner countries, the responsibilities of the Government and the rights of the population, in particular vulnerable groups. The Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation indicated that its new water strategy also set a rights-based approach to water. An official document from Belgium on development cooperation mentioned that human rights principles, including the rights to water, health and decent work and the rights of women, children and indigenous peoples, were all important components of its normative framework. In a reference document on realizing the human rights to water and sanitation, the Government of Sweden recalled its declaration of full support for the human rights to water and sanitation and that richer States had an obligation to assist other States in fulfilling the right to water and sanitation. Spain also has strongly integrated human rights language into its development cooperation policies, aiming to adopt a rights-based approach in its cooperation policy and supporting the implementation of the human rights to water and sanitation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Participation in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- Efforts must enable effective participation. For example, a mode of engagement that relies on writing would marginalize the illiterate. Where approaches such as questionnaires are used, it is essential to recognize the risks of elite capture and counter it with other opportunities such as simple versions of a questionnaire and oral discussions. Even when they are able to take part in meetings, marginalized groups often exercise self-censorship, being intimidated either by the presence of others with "higher" status or formal procedures. One approach to avoid this is starting the process with more homogenous groups for discussing particular issues, e.g., groups of women or of young people, and then bring their input into the larger process. At the international level, the United Nations Environment Programme engages with "major groups" rather than civil society as a whole, including children and youth, farmers, indigenous peoples, women, and workers and trade unions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Participation in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Meaningful participation entails ensuring that people's views are considered and influence the decision. Often, consultations are oriented towards securing people's consent rather than involving them in the design of measures. If people are allowed "voice without influence", i.e., they are involved in processes that have no impact on policy-making, the potential for frustration is enormous. The Aarhus Convention requires that public bodies take due account of the outcome of public participation and notify the public of the decision made, along with reasons and considerations on which the decision is based (art. 6 (8) and (9)). In relation to child rights, it is required that children have an "audience" and "influence", i.e., that their views be listened to and acted upon as appropriate. The child must be informed of the outcome and how her or his views were considered.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Participation in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 22
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- States not only have to create or promote spaces for participation, but also must enable people to eliminate barriers to accessing deliberative processes. People must have information on how to access these spaces and the procedures for getting involved. One expert has interpreted article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child to require "space" and "voice", i.e., the child must have the opportunity to express his/her views with adequate facilitation. The Committee on the Rights of the Child points out that "[t]hose responsible for hearing the child have to ensure that the child is informed about her or his right to express her or his opinion in all matters affecting the child.… The decision maker must adequately prepare the child before the hearing, … and has to take account of the views of the child in this regard". Article 29 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities requires States parties to ensure that persons with disabilities can effectively and fully participate in public life and actively promote an adequate environment for that purpose.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Planning for the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2011, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- Water and sanitation strategies and plans must be anchored in a strong legal framework. First, this requires a review of existing legislation to detect gaps and to assess whether it is in line with the full enjoyment of the rights to water and to sanitation. This relates to the legal framework for water and sanitation specifically, but also to legislation that may have an indirect impact on it, such as criminal, child protection, urban planning or inheritance laws. Where legislation is inconsistent, it must be repealed, amended or adapted. Laws and regulations should include clear standards for service delivery covering the normative content of the rights, so as to provide the basis for accountability by allowing people to base claims on legally binding entitlements. For instance, South African regulations provide very clear standards for basic water supply, referring to a minimum quantity of 25 litres per person per day, at a minimum flow rate of not less than 10 litres per minute, within 200 metres of a household.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Planning for the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2011, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- In the area of human rights, the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, adopted on 25 June 1993 by the World Conference on Human Rights, highlighted the importance of national plans of action as tools for the promotion and protection of human rights. Apart from these generic national human rights action plans, which several States have developed, others have put into place sectoral plans addressing specific human rights concerns and aspects, such as human trafficking, racism, child rights and social inclusion. Notably, the Human Rights Council and the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights have emphasized the importance of national plans of action for the realization of the rights to water and to sanitation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
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