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Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- In addition, the Human Rights Council Special Rapporteur on the right to education dedicated his 2007 thematic report to the issue of the right of persons with disabilities to inclusive education (A/HRC/4/29, paras. 8 and 76). He found that literacy rates for women and girls with disabilities were significantly lower than for men and boys, and that women and girls were generally subjected to more discrimination. Similarly, in his 2005 thematic report, the Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, focused on the right to health of persons with mental disabilities (E/CN.4/2005/51, paras. 12 and 49) and found that women with intellectual disabilities were especially vulnerable to forced sterilization and sexual violence. He advocated for measures to protect them from violence and other right to health-related abuses, whether occurring in private health-care or support services. Finally, the Special Rapporteur to monitor the implementation of the Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities reports annually to the Commission for Social Development and has mainstreamed the issue of women and disabilities in his reports (see E/CN.5/2011/9).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Girls
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- In 1989, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women explicitly linked gender-based violence and discrimination against women in its general recommendation No. 12 and called on States parties to include in their reports information on violence and on measures introduced to deal with it. Between 1989 and 1992, the Committee issued a series of general recommendations that addressed some rights violations experienced at the intersection of inter- and intra-gender sex discrimination and violence against women. In 1992 it issued general recommendation No. 19 both to define gender-based violence and to make it discrimination on the grounds of sex within the meaning of the Convention. Much of what is set forth in general recommendation No. 19 is reiterated and refined in the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women. CEDAW has also addressed the impact of intersecting forms of discrimination against women and its nexus with gender-based violence. Most recently, in general recommendation No. 27, which deals with the rights of older women, it recognizes that age and sex make older women vulnerable to violence, and that age, sex and disability make older women with disabilities particularly vulnerable.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Older persons
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- Civil society organizations called for more support for women’s organizations on the ground, underlining that women human rights defenders faced daily threats and harassment, and needed greater protection. At the same time, more regulations addressing violence against particular groups of women, such as women belonging to minority groups; migrants; lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons; elderly women; women with disabilities; and widows, were also supported.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- LGBTQI+
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- Article 2 of the Protocol requires States to take positive action to address inequalities between women and men in State efforts to ensure that women enjoy their rights. Other articles set out obligations with respect to, among other things, the right to dignity; the right to life, integrity and security of the person; protection from harmful practices; rights in marriage, which include entitlement to property and the custody and guardianship of children; protection from early and forced marriages; the right of access to justice and equal protection of the law; the right to participate in political and decision-making processes; the right to peace; the rights to adequate housing, food security, education and equality in access to employment; reproductive and health rights, including control of one's fertility; and the right to be protected against HIV infection. The Protocol also includes specific provisions on the protection of rights of women with disabilities. All promotional and protective provisions in the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and other human rights instruments are equally applicable in the interpretation of the Protocol.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- Article 2 of the Protocol requires States to take positive action to address inequalities between women and men in State efforts to ensure that women enjoy their rights. Other articles set out obligations with respect to, among other things, the right to dignity; the right to life, integrity and security of the person; protection from harmful practices; rights in marriage, which include entitlement to property and the custody and guardianship of children; protection from early and forced marriages; the right of access to justice and equal protection of the law; the right to participate in political and decision-making processes; the right to peace; the rights to adequate housing, food security, education and equality in access to employment; reproductive and health rights, including control of one's fertility; and the right to be protected against HIV infection. The Protocol also includes specific provisions on the protection of rights of women with disabilities. All promotional and protective provisions in the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and other human rights instruments are equally applicable in the interpretation of the Protocol.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- In Asia, the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific proclaimed the Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons (1993-2002) in 1992. The goal of the initiative was to promote the human rights of disabled persons in the region. In 2002, the Decade was extended for an additional 10 years (2003-2012) in order to further and consolidate the gains achieved thus far.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women share many common principles, such as the overall obligations required of States under article 2 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and article 4 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Both Conventions require States parties to enact legislative and substantive protections for women and/or persons with disabilities. Article 5 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and article 4 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women include provisions authorizing the use of special/specific measures to expedite and ensure the achievement of equality between the sexes, including women with disabilities. Article 8 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and article 5 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women emphasize the negative role that stereotypes can play in the lives of persons with disabilities, including women with disabilities, and women in general. Under both Conventions, States have the responsibility to combat/eliminate stereotypes, prejudices and harmful practices. In article 6, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities recognizes that gender and disability stereotypes coincide to have a compounded effect on women with disabilities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- The Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons reflected a paternalistic medical and charity model of disability, while the Declaration on the Rights of Disabled People adopted a human rights approach as regards equal treatment, access to services, the development of capabilities, and the acceleration of social integration.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- Early efforts by the United Nations in the 1970s included the adoption of the Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons (General Assembly resolution 2856 (XXVI)), followed by the Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons (Assembly resolution 3447 (XXX)). Those non-binding instruments reflect an important development in terms of placing disability on the international agenda, but they did not fully reflect existing human rights principles.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities have more limitations on access to sexual and reproductive health care. Often health-care providers see them as asexual, thereby concluding that they do not require certain health-care services. An analysis of the data contained in the World Health Organization World Health Survey shows a significant difference between men and women with disabilities and people without disabilities in terms of the attitudinal, physical, and system level barriers faced in accessing care.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities face problems with representation and may fail to comport with society's view on women's roles generally, leading to invisibility and exclusion from meaningful participation in society. Women with disabilities may also be viewed as childlike and presumed to be incompetent, which prevents them from reaching their potential as full and equal members of the community.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- Armed conflict generates injuries and trauma that can result in disabilities and can also increase the severity of existing disabilities. For women incurring injuries, the situation is often exacerbated by delays in obtaining health care and longer-term rehabilitation. According to the 2011, World Report on Disability, humanitarian organizations in conflict situations do not always respond promptly and effectively, and the needs of families and caretakers are not always taken into account.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities face specific discrimination and targeted violence primarily because of their disability status, owing to bias among individuals and communities. For example, in some cultural and religious traditions disability is viewed as a symbol of "evil" or "sin" committed by the person or family members, thus justifying violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- Discrimination in access to services and programmes during incarceration is a reality for most women with disabilities. They may face difficulties in accessing these because such programmes fail to account for their disabilities; or they may be explicitly denied the ability to participate in programmes, which are largely tailored to prisoners without disabilities. Furthermore, women with disabilities who are able to participate in work programmes are often paid lower wages for their work.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- Also, women with disabilities may experience greater regulation and prejudice by social service agencies. Thus the child's "best interests" may be seen as primary to, and at odds with, the maternal rights of women with disabilities. According to the Guide for Creating Legislative Change, women with a psychosocial, developmental or intellectual disability may be at particular risk of greater regulation and termination of parental rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Stereotypical views of women with disabilities may be imposed on their parental rights or through the termination of parental rights. According to Women with Disabilities Australia, it is relatively common for everyday stereotypes and deeply rooted beliefs about women with disabilities to be legitimized in family court and used against them in a divorce hearing or custody trial. Due to such prejudices, many women have lost custody and even visitation rights with their children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- Violence against women may be permitted by law or carried out under the authority of the State. States may fail to fulfil their obligation to respond to and prevent violence against women with disabilities either through the adoption and implementation of laws and practices that directly violate rights, or by failing to adopt and implement laws and practices that uphold rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- In institutional settings, women with disabilities are subjected to numerous forms of violence, including the forced intake of psychotropic drugs or other forced psychiatric treatment. Furthermore, forced institutionalization itself constitutes a form of violence. People with mental health conditions and intellectual disabilities are sometimes subject to arbitrary detention in long-stay institutions with no right of appeal, thereby robbing them of their legal capacity.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- In domestic violence situations, women with disabilities may fear reporting or leaving an abuser because of emotional, financial or physical dependence; they may also fear losing custody of their children. Barriers to accessing justice further complicate their ability to seek redress and protection, thereby allowing for the continuation of the abuse.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- Many policies operate on the assumption that a disabling condition is pathological and a defect, and not a socially ascribed so-called deficit. The impact of such a perspective is clear: persons with disabilities are to be avoided and/or excluded, as opposed to accommodated and included in the community. According to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, accommodation, inclusion and support are the obligated responses to disability, including for families of persons with disabilities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- Within some countries, identifiable subgroups of women are marginalized on the basis of racial, ethnic, religious, cultural and social ideologies and prejudices which reflect disproportionate impact on or justifiable targeting of subgroups of women. For example, women from particular racial and ethnic groups, those with disabilities and poor women, have been the target of forced sterilization and other coercive birth control measures.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- General comment No. 5 of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights formulates obligations of States to ensure equal rights and to eliminate discrimination against persons with disabilities in numerous areas. Significantly, the Committee articulated a connection between non-discrimination and the duty to provide reasonable accommodation. Furthermore, the Committee has stated that forced sterilization of women and girls with disabilities breaches article 10 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- Article 15 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, requires that States parties take effective measures to prevent persons with disabilities from being subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, in particular with regard to being subjected to medical or scientific experimentation without free consent. The Committee against Torture has acknowledged that certain acts against persons with disabilities, such as imprisoning or detaining them, would constitute torture or ill-treatment.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities have fewer career opportunities owing to employer unwillingness to provide relevant accommodations; they receive lower pay; and they may be forced to take less prestigious career paths in order to be able to obtain employment. Women with disabilities who have experienced violence are at increased risk of unemployment since the abuser may harass or intimidate them in the workplace, harass other employees or prevent them from going to work at all, as a mechanism of control that can result in loss of employment.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- Article 11 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities requires that States must take all necessary measures to ensure the protection and safety of persons with disabilities in situations of armed conflict, humanitarian emergencies, natural disasters, and other situations of risk.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Articles 25 and 26 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities address disability prevention and rehabilitation, as an aspect of full and comprehensive human rights protection for persons with disabilities, thereby ensuring equal access and accessibility to all public health programmes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- Article 23 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities identifies that persons with disabilities have the right to retain fertility on an equal basis with others. Furthermore, sterilization cannot be made a condition for access to medical care or other benefit.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- There is evidence that the experience of prison itself is a source of disablement for all prisoners. Thus, not only are women with pre-existing disabilities liable to see their disabilities aggravated but those who enter prison without disabilities may develop them during their incarceration, due to prison conditions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities are at high risk of violence based on social stereotypes and biases that attempt to dehumanize or infantilize, exclude or isolate them, and target them for sexual and other forms of violence. Violence also has the consequence of contributing to the incidence of disability among women.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- The present report aims to deepen the findings of the OHCHR study and further examine the manifestations, causes and consequences of violence against women with disabilities. In addition, the report briefly examines relevant international and regional legal frameworks and provides recommendations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph