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Violence against women: Twenty years of developments to combat violence against women 2014, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- One of the five priority areas of the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN-Women) is ending violence against women. The efforts of UN-Women in this regard include standard setting, technical assistance, financial assistance, education, advocacy, data collection and coordination. The entity supports Member States as they set global standards for achieving gender equality and works with governments and civil society to design laws, policies, programmes and services needed to implement these standards, including in developing and implementing national action plans to end violence against women. UN-Women also participates in a number of joint programmes with partner agencies at the country level and coordinates the Secretary-General's UNiTE campaign and the COMMIT initiative. The Inventory of United Nations activities to prevent and eliminate violence against women describes the efforts of 38 United Nations entities, the International Organization for Migration and six inter-agency partnerships. UN-Women has also developed the Virtual Knowledge Centre to End Violence against Women and Girls, an online resource centre.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- The Convention requires States to adopt comprehensive and coordinated policies that place the rights of victims at the centre of all measures and to involve all relevant actors, including government agencies, national, regional and local authorities, civil society organizations and other relevant entities. In chapter II, the Convention explicitly calls for an integrated approach and requires the establishment of a dedicated governmental coordinating body to oversee the implementation of policies and measures, including disaggregated data collection. Other sections include chapter III, on the specific legislative, policy and other measures in the field of prevention; chapter IV, on protection and support issues; chapter V, on substantive law aspects; chapter VI, on investigation, prosecution, procedural law and protective measures; chapter VII, on migration and asylum issues; and chapter VIII, on international cooperation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- In its general recommendation No. 32, on the gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women recognized that "displacement arising from armed conflict, gender-related persecutions and other serious human rights violations that affect women compounds existing challenges to the elimination of discrimination against women".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- Stigmatization, social alienation and feelings of shame and guilt may also contribute to hindering reintegration. Stigma and the loss of certain rights are a challenge to re-establishing relationships and social ties. Family and community support is critical to successful reintegration, and also to decreasing the chance of recidivism.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Contexts such as conflict, natural disasters, occupation, internal displacement and institutionalization help to create and to maintain an inter- and intra-gender hierarchy, in which women's capacity to act is constrained by forces that increase their vulnerability to violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Other environmental factors include "poverty, armed conflicts, all forms of injustice, family breakdown, political, social and economic instability and all types of migration." Social and occupational stress and changes are also included as environmental factors in the societal model. These factors all create circumstances in which individual vulnerability to violence against women increases.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Gender
- Health
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- Institutional mechanisms include both a commission and a court. The mandate of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights includes receiving and investigating individual petitions relating to violations of human rights; observing the general situation of human rights in member States; conducting in loco visits to countries to conduct an in-depth analysis of the general situation and/or to investigate a specific situation; developing an awareness of human rights among the peoples of the Americas, including through the publication of reports on relevant thematic issues; organizing and holding visits, lectures, seminars and meetings with State and non-State actors; making recommendations to member States; requesting member States, in serious and urgent cases, to adopt precautionary measures, in order to prevent irreparable harm; presenting cases to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights; requesting advisory opinions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights; and examining inter-State communications. The use of the precautionary measures mechanism has led to the Commission requesting a State party to adopt measures to protect the life and integrity of women's rights defenders in Colombia working with issues pertaining to the armed conflict; to protect the life, integrity and health of women living in displacement camps in Haiti; to ensure the safety of women's rights defenders in Mexico; and to protect victims of sexual abuse, among other urgent situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- This includes immediate risk assessment and protection, including a wide range of protection measures, comprising the issuance and monitoring of eviction, protection orders and adequate sanctions for non-compliance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- The large-scale phenomenon of female migration has yet to be adequately addressed in migration policies with the full recognition of the gender-specific challenges and risks that migrating and refugee women and girls face. The Special Rapporteur stands ready to assist in the development of necessary guidance for States in this field.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- In 2016, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees established an advisory group on gender, forced displacement and protection, of which the Special Rapporteur is a member, which and explored, inter alia, good practices for fostering meaningful community engagement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Women and girls fleeing conflicts and persecution face various forms of gender-based violence and cases of multiple discrimination, particularly when they travel alone. These women and girls are vulnerable at all stages of their journey; in the countries of origin, of transit and of destination.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- Another key aspect was secondary protection for women and girls after violence had taken place to avoid further violence and secondary victimization. In that regard, there should be accessible shelters and durable housing solutions, especially for indigenous women and women in rural areas. In addition, the reception of refugee and migrant women needed to be in facilities which were safe (where they would not be mixed with men and therefore in danger).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women: Twenty years of developments to combat violence against women 2014, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- The Commission extended the mandate for an additional three years in its resolution 1997/44, recalling the provisions of resolution 1994/45, and requesting all Governments to respond to the Special Rapporteur's visits and communications. The Commission also encouraged the Special Rapporteur to examine and compile information relating to the issue of trafficking of women and girls.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- Institutional mechanisms include both a commission and a court. The mandate of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights includes receiving and investigating individual petitions relating to violations of human rights; observing the general situation of human rights in Member States; conducting in loco visits to countries to conduct an in-depth analysis of the general situation and/or to investigate a specific situation; developing an awareness of human rights among the peoples of the Americas, including through the publication of reports on relevant thematic issues; organizing and holding visits, lectures, seminars and meetings with State and non-State actors; making recommendations to member States; requesting member States, in serious and urgent cases, to adopt precautionary measures, in order to prevent irreparable harm; presenting cases to the Inter-American Court; requesting advisory opinions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights; and examining inter-State communications. The use of the precautionary measures mechanism has led to the Commission requesting a State party to adopt measures to protect the life and integrity of women's rights defenders in Colombia working with issues pertaining to the armed conflict; to protect the life, integrity, and health of women living in displacement camps in Haiti; to ensure the safety of women's rights defenders in Mexico; and to protect victims of sexual abuse, among other urgent situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- The risks and heightened vulnerability of violence against women in the transnational arena were highlighted by the former Special Rapporteur who referred to this fourth sphere as a "continuum of life experience across conventional state boundaries". The situation of women victims of trafficking and other forms of contemporary forms of slavery, refugee women and women migrant workers, especially irregular migrant workers, as well as the exploitation of women by actors operating in the transnational sphere such as peacekeepers, are examined here.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- The challenges that women and girls migrants face include the risk of certain forms of violence, including sexual violence, by smugglers, criminal groups and individuals in countries of origin, transit and destination. Their journey could also turn into trafficking, slavery and slavery-like practices. They may also face greater risks of sexual violence and harassment while in transit in camps or shelters owing to, among others, shared accommodation and common sanitation facilities, which make them vulnerable to violence and abuse. They may lack access to gender-specific services, while frequently the reluctance of victims to report cases of sexual violence results in underreporting. Besides being a key reason behind many women's decisions to migrate, gender-based violence is a common feature throughout their journeys and in countries of destination.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- The protection of women from violence is addressed in various human rights instruments, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Charter of the United Nations, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- Human rights instruments that have been adopted include the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, the Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa and the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights. The African human rights system is also referred to in the treaties of the subregional economic and political communities in Africa. Owing to space constraints, those subregional systems are not discussed in the present report.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- The Convention requires States to adopt comprehensive and coordinated policies that place the rights of victims at the centre of all measures, and to involve all relevant actors, including government agencies, national, regional and local authorities, civil society organizations and other relevant entities. In chapter II, the Convention explicitly calls for an integrated approach and requires the establishment of a dedicated governmental coordinating body to oversee the implementation of policies and measures, including disaggregated data collection. Other sections include chapter III, on the specific legislative, policy and other measures in the field of prevention; chapter IV, on protection and support issues; chapter V, on substantive law aspects; chapter VI, on investigation, prosecution, procedural law and protective measures; chapter VII, on migration and asylum issues; and chapter VIII, on international cooperation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Human rights instruments that have been adopted include the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, the Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa and the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights. The African human rights system is also referred to in the treaties of the subregional economic and political communities in Africa. Due to space constraints, those subregional systems will not be discussed in this report.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women: Twenty years of developments to combat violence against women 2014, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- In the discharge of the mandate, the Special Rapporteur is required to prepare annual thematic reports and reports on country visits. At the initiative of the previous Special Rapporteur, a 15-year review of the mandate was conducted. The review provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of the functioning of the mandate from 1994 to 2009. As stated in the review, in addition to the issues covered in the thematic reports, the mandate has dealt with several other issues that have been subsumed in the annual reports, country mission reports and communications to governments, including issues relating to health rights, including sexual and reproductive rights; women refugees and asylum seekers; national institutional mechanisms; as well as various aspects of implementation challenges. The mandate holders over that period highlighted in their reports that, despite advances in the creation of tools to enable and enhance compliance, lack of compliance and implementation continues to pose a serious challenge.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- Refugees and other non-citizens are often susceptible to violence against women. It is noted that organizational and societal factors, including unhealthy and unsafe housing, unemployment, poverty, restricted access to health care, higher education, participation in civil society and legal protection all contribute to the ill health and vulnerability of migrants and women migrants in particular. Women in these communities are not adequately protected, which can cause them to be more susceptible to violence and less likely to be able to participate adequately in society. Women who are not citizens often feel that they lack protection of the law.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
State responsibility for eliminating violence against women 2013, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- The same Committee reaffirmed the due diligence standard in 2007 through its consideration of two complaints which alleged a failure on the part of the State to investigate and prosecute acts of violence against women, in violation of articles 1, 2, 3 and 5 of the Convention. In a dissenting opinion in an inadmissible communication, three members of the Committee made reference to the due diligence standard in a complaint against a State for its failure to grant an asylum petition, based on a claim of trafficking, in violation of article 6 of the Convention. It is argued that such decisions/opinions reflect that "a state may be liable under international law not only for its officials' actions but also for its officials' inaction. It is unlawful for the state: to refrain from assistance where assistance is so clearly required; to fail to investigate and thereby guarantee women's rights; and, to discriminate in the manner in which it enforces human rights (even where such discrimination is not intentional)."
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Many women in prison have little meaningful contact with their family members, more especially their children. There are several reasons for limited contact, including the mother's incarceration in a prison located a distance from the family and the logistical and financial costs involved in arranging visits, a prison's restrictions on contact or communications with family members and the greater likelihood that the family of a female prisoner will shun or reject her, compared to families of male prisoners. Also, prison regulations and institutional barriers may be partially at fault for limited family contact. For example, most detainees in Latvia are not allowed to telephone their families or receive visits.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- Administrative detention of migrants raises multiple human rights concerns, including a lack of legal protection, an absence of limits on the length of detention and few, if any, possibilities of obtaining redress through the courts. Women migrants held in immigration detention are subject to similar conditions as incarcerated women, including sexual and physical violence, violations of privacy and inadequate health care. The lack or inadequacy of interpretation and translation services may make it difficult or even impossible for women foreign nationals to make complaints or object to abuses. Cultural differences can also exacerbate these problems, especially where women migrants are used to complying unquestioningly with the demands of men or individuals in authority. Both a 1999 and a 2011 report note that although immigration detention facilities are civil and administrative forums, many function similarly to punitive correctional facilities in terms of confinement and isolation practices (E/CN.4/1999/68/Add.2 and A/HRC/17/26/Add.5 and Corr.1).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- Administrative detention of migrants is generally inconsistent with the international prohibition against arbitrary detention.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- Migrants who are held in custody, typically on administrative grounds, are traditionally either asylum seekers or irregular immigrants awaiting adjudication of their claims. A rising number of migrants are held in detention around the world. Some countries, including Malta and Australia, have mandatory detention policies applicable to irregular migrants and refugees. Women make up a small percentage of immigrant detainees. For example, in 2002 almost 15 per cent of the foreign nationals imprisoned in Australian immigration detention centres were women, while in South Africa the figure was 20 per cent. The United States has seen a 50 per cent increase in the number of women immigrant detainees since 2005 (A/HRC/17/26/Add.5 and Corr.1).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Gender-related killings of women 2012, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- The growing sociopolitical phenomena of gangs, organized crime, drug dealers, human and drug trafficking chains, massive migration and the proliferation of small arms have had a devastating impact on women's lives, particularly in Mexico and Central America. The northern triangle of Central America has the highest rates of homicide in a non-conflict context. The rate of killings of men has been stable during the last decade, but there has been an increase in the rates of killings of women. In 2004 in Guatemala, murders of women increased 141 per cent, as opposed to 68 per cent for men; in El Salvador in 2006 murders of women increased 111 per cent, compared to 40 per cent for men; and in Honduras in 2007 murders of women increased 166 per cent, compared to 40 per cent for men.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Irregular women migrants, women asylum seekers and refugees are particularly vulnerable to violence in the transnational arena. During the country mission to Zambia, the Special Rapporteur was informed that female migrants, especially those engaging in sex work, are often subjected to sexual abuse and at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS due to their inability to negotiate safe sex. Also, their irregular status makes them reluctant to seek health care. Similarly, immigrant women in the United States of America often suffer higher rates of battering as they have less access to legal, social and support services. Testimonies from undocumented immigrant women living with a United States partner reveal hesitation to seek assistance from authorities when facing abuse due to fear of deportation. It was also indicated that abusers may not initiate the process to acquire permanent residence status for their foreign partner or wife as a way to maintain their power and control over these women.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- Defilement, rape, early marriages and survival sex continue to be major problems affecting women asylum-seekers and refugees, both in camps as well as women residing in urban areas. During conflicts, women are often trafficked across borders to provide sexual services to combatants in armed conflict. Armed conflict increases the risk of women and girls being abducted and forced into sexual slavery and/or forced prostitution. Although most conflicts are now internal, women and girls may be transported across international borders to camps of armed groups located in the territory of a neighbouring State. Abuses against women and girls have also been committed by international personnel deployed in United Nations peace operations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
30 shown of 30 entities