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Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- The breakdown of families, communities and social and institutional structures during conflict and in its aftermath puts children at great risk of being sold, trafficked and sexually exploited. The World Development Report 2011 of the World Bank estimates that approximately 1.5 billion people live in countries affected by repeated cycles of political and criminal violence. The current nature of conflicts, mostly civil wars fought by armed groups rather than the military, disproportionately affects civilians. Children pay a high toll. A child living in a conflict-affected or fragile developing country is nearly three times more likely to be out of school than a child living in a developing country that is unaffected by these factors. Sexual and gender-based violence is a major issue, during and in the aftermath of conflict. Women and children account for close to 80 per cent of refugees and internally displaced persons. As more countries fall into conflict and high levels of political and criminal violence, involving an increasingly complex range of protagonists and ever more violent schemes, children will continue to be exposed to heightened risks.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- In Thailand, the Ministry of Justice has established practice guidelines for organizations related to the prosecution of foreign offenders who have allegedly committed acts of sexual harassment against children in Thailand are based on existing practices of each organization, and prescribe cooperation for effective law enforcement. Significant aspects of these guidelines are: (a) coordination with foreign Governments, in relation to the arrest and prosecution of foreigners, whereby a notice shall be sent to the embassy, consulate and the national central office of Interpol of the country in which the alleged offender is a national, for the purpose of exchanging information and the creation of a network; (b) prevention of absconding on bail, whereby the inquiry officer or the public prosecutor shall prepare complete and precise information for the opposition to the bail request, and may suggest an increase in the amount of bail; and (c) close coordination between the inquiry officer and the Department of Social Development and Welfare under the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security, for the care and protection of child victims, and for compliance with the law governing inquiries and the taking of evidence from child witnesses.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- According to estimates by UNICEF, slightly more than 1 billion children live in States or territories affected by armed conflict. Nearly 300 million of them are under 5 years of age. In 2006, there were an estimated 18.1 million child refugees and internally displaced persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- [Thanks to these efforts, more data are now available on long-term trends and specific aspects of some types of sale and sexual exploitation of children, including:] The exacerbation of these phenomena due to poverty, the HIV/AIDS pandemic, conflicts, large-scale natural disasters and displaced persons;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Health
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- Socioeconomic support, including financial assistance, is as important as education; employment and the ability to earn a livelihood should be viewed as the goal. In Bulgaria, a job skills training programme for Roma girls who were trafficked helped three quarters of them to find a job. In Nepal, eight rehabilitation centres provided victims of trafficking with skills as well as seed money to start a small business.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Care, recovery and reintegration programmes must address multiple aspects to ensure that children receive holistic and multidisciplinary support that leads to durable solutions. A comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programme should include the following components: (a) prompt identification of the victim; (b) outreach to victims and children in vulnerable situations; (c) prevention and information directed at different groups; (d) properly trained and dedicated staff; (e) multidisciplinary teams, partnerships and networks; (f) protection services; (g) repatriation and reintegration for migrant victims; (h) aftercare and long-term response; and (i) adequate support and assistance for caregivers. Programmes should include high-quality and accessible services that ensure the rights of child victims to health, shelter, education, legal aid and recreation. There are broader areas of support that are often overlooked but that contribute to recovery and reintegration, such as enabling children to engage with and access forms of support through religious and spiritual institutions and through cultural and traditional practices, working with parents and caregivers and conducting community sensitization.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- Contrary to popular misconceptions, in which the demand for sex with children is seen as coming from pedophiles alone, the demand is mostly generated by people who pay for sex. There is therefore no specific profile of the child sex exploiters since they can be from different socioeconomic backgrounds and professions, and include nationals and foreigners alike.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- In some States, Government ministries are responsible for ongoing monitoring of children who were placed in short- or long-term alternative care as a result of being unaccompanied or separated. In Cyprus, depending on the context, this is most frequently undertaken by social service officers, however, coordination may take place with International Social Services, the Ministry of the Interior and the Migration Office.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- While some basic statistics are available on the number of people who are refugees or internally displaced, the majority of these can be attributed to armed conflicts. The number of children who are internally displaced due to natural disasters is unknown.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- Children are particularly vulnerable to natural disasters due to their physical and psycho-social characteristics. Their vulnerability is heightened when children are separated from their families, unaccompanied, orphaned, displaced or "disappeared" and do not receive appropriate care, protection, support and rehabilitation
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- Such migration, both internal and external, can occur in response to individual imperatives (such as the search for economic or professional opportunities), or to family and communal imperatives in connection with survival strategies or efforts to find suitable social or educational environments for children. Permanent and seasonal migrations, whether cross-border or within a country, are dictated by poverty, deteriorating living conditions, chronic drought, armed conflict and/or political instability.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Reintegration work should also aim to change negative behaviours and attitudes of families and communities towards returning children who have been victimized. Building up positive qualities and feelings in children can also assist in developing respect and acceptance, for instance, demonstrating that a child has been successful, has helped others, or has been involved in community services. Programmes to address stigma in communities and prevailing gender and cultural norms are also vital.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Approach, vision and work methods 2014, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- Apart from raising awareness on thematic priorities that are directly affected by her mandate, the Special Rapporteur intends to work in close coordination and cooperation with relevant special procedures mandate holders and other international and regional mechanisms to engage in advocacy for cross-cutting issues of concern. Issues for joint advocacy efforts include preventing and ending child and forced marriage and protecting unaccompanied migrant children, street children and children with albinism from violence and exploitation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 92
- Paragraph text
- At all stages of migration (origin, transit, destination), migrant children are extremely vulnerable to sale, trafficking and sexual exploitation. Host communities often discriminate against and marginalize migrant children, especially those who are not registered, in particular, by denying them access to education and medical services. Because of their irregular status and their fear of being caught and deported, they are forced to adopt survival strategies, becoming more vulnerable to sexual exploitation and forced labour.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- Various studies have highlighted the impact of migration on children's vulnerability to being sold and trafficked. A UNICEF publication refers to unaccompanied children having to pay smugglers to be able to continue their journey, a situation that makes them particularly vulnerable to being indebted to smugglers and sold for various forms of exploitation. Migration by carers may also make children vulnerable to being sold for the purpose of forced labour. The large number of children left behind by parents migrating to sustain the family may also constitute a factor of vulnerability.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- Children and young people represent an important proportion of the migrant population. It is estimated that there are 33 million international migrants under the age of 20, representing 16 per cent of the international migrant population, but over 20 per cent in Africa and Asia. One third of these migrants are adolescents, while 39 per cent are under the age of 10. Data on internal migration and children left behind is not available. However, global trends suggest that this issue will remain significant in the coming years.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Youth
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- The number of migrants worldwide has increased rapidly in the past few years, reaching almost 1 billion persons - one in seven human beings. The number of international migrants in 2010, estimated at 214 million according to the Department of Economic and Social Affairs, could almost double by 2050, and internal migrants accounted for 740 million migrants in 2009, according to the United Nations Development Programme. Similarly, the number of people uprooted by conflict or persecution is at its highest level in 18 years.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- Migration has significant effects on the vulnerability of children to sale and exploitation. When children and families migrate to new places, they often leave behind the social support, coping mechanisms and protective environment a community and familiar context provide. Children migrating on their own are easy prey for traffickers. While it holds numerous positive aspects, migration is also an important component of international mobility that facilitates the sale and sexual exploitation of children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- In addition, as the lack of human resources and technical expertise, possible lack of political will and sometimes corruption - in many destination countries - jeopardizes prosecution processes against travelling child sex offenders, NGOs are often critical partners of law enforcement officers. NGOs like APLE in Cambodia or the International Justice Mission in several countries, for instance, continue to provide support in reporting, investigating and prosecuting cases where security forces do not currently have the necessary capacity.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- In Cyprus, the Social Welfare Services and the International Social Services cooperate at the national level to locate the families of children in their country of origin. If the family is found, a social report is prepared on the capacity of the family to accept the child, with an assessment of the possibility of a safe return. In Myanmar, the National Committee for Natural Disaster Management also works to reunite missing and separated children with their parents, while providing necessary assistance to ensure the children have access to education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- An important area for partnership between civil society and governments concerns the provision of safe mechanisms for particularly vulnerable children, who are often hard to reach through government services. Marginalized children include those lacking parental care, those placed in institutional settings or in detention, those living and working in the streets, those with disabilities, those in extreme poverty, those trapped in child labour, or those on the move, including as migrants or asylum-seekers, as well as children in situations of armed conflict.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- Various countries emerging from conflict or an authoritarian regime have been confronted with allegations of systematic illegal adoptions as part of past large-scale abuses. Few countries have responded to victims' calls for truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence, however, and none have done so in a comprehensive manner. Argentina has pioneered such responses, in particular in relation to enforced disappearances, through truth-seeking and accountability. Genetic tracing and the establishment of a national genetic database have played a key role in identifying disappeared children who were subjected to illegal adoption and in efforts to seek judicial accountability. Moreover, the "disappeared" children, now adults, are stepping forward to uncover their biological origins and some are playing a role in the prosecution of their adoptive parents.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- An ILO study on international migration and child labour has underlined the importance of promoting safe behaviours in relation to migration, by supporting adolescents in adequately informing themselves and properly preparing for the journey, preferably by securing a job contract before leaving. However, in some instances, the contract is part of the migration arrangement itself, paving the way for exploitative conditions. Studies have also stressed the importance for countries of avoiding legislative frameworks in which a legal stay is conditioned to one employer, as it paves the way for dependency on that employer.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Approach, vision and work methods 2014, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is aware of the various bodies and mechanisms within the United Nations system dealing with situations and violations affecting children. As required by resolution 7/13, she intends to work in close coordination with them in order to ensure complementarity and avoid unnecessary duplication. In respect of the special procedures mandate holders who address cross-cutting issues and concerns relating to her mandate, such as the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children, the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and in practice, the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants and the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons, she intends to discuss and develop with them joint methods of work, such as the presentation of joint thematic reports, the conducting of coordinated country visits, the issuance of joint communications and the organization of joint awareness-raising activities. The Special Rapporteur will also deploy efforts to mainstream the protection and promotion of children's rights within the special procedures system, while according priority to certain issues and concerns that need to be tackled in a coordinated manner in order to enhance their impact when bringing particular situations to the attention of Governments and other stakeholders concerned. Her ultimate goal is to ensure that all mandate holders take a common approach towards addressing the impact of legislative and policy measures on children and their rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- An international alert system has also been established in order to report and communicate information on individuals who have committed infractions of the law and are capable of reoffending in other countries. Interpol's main tool for dealing with travelling sex offenders is the Green Notice, which is issued to provide warnings and criminal intelligence. It is an effective way to share key police intelligence on a global scale and prevent offenders from crossing borders. As well as working to prevent these crimes from taking place in the first place, Interpol also coordinates joint operations between multiple countries to track down offenders. Support given to these operations includes training, briefings, sharing of data, intelligence analysis and technical advice. To enhance international collaboration, the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), CEOP and Europol have also provided training for law enforcement units around the world. However, this training is not sustainable for or fully integrated into police training academies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- In addition to reporting by individuals, law enforcement agencies can undertake targeted interventions. Europol's Project HAVEN (Halting Europeans Abusing Victims in Every Nation), for example, was launched in November 2010 to detect and disrupt travelling child sex offenders originating from the European Union and ultimately establish a permanent and proactive notification system on travelling European sex offenders. In January 2012, the second joint action day of Project HAVEN took place in cooperation with national police, customs and border authorities at key airports across Europe. The authorities targeted persons primarily arriving from destinations known for CST, checking and profiling returning passengers and conducting interviews.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- As highlighted above, voluntary reporting is an essential first step towards increasing the numbers of prosecutions. In Switzerland, for example, the Federal Police, in collaboration with ECPAT Switzerland, launched a campaign and website including online reporting forms accessible in different languages. Since October 2008, 26 denunciations have been made, which include cases of CST. Similar work was done in Germany and Austria, while European Union funding was secured to implement the same in other countries. Another campaign was launched by ECPAT Netherlands on the 24 October 2012, with a first flyer distributed at passport control of Dutch airports, aimed at encouraging reporting by travellers. Large posters have been displayed at the airport, while collaborators of travel companies have received guidelines on how to follow up when tourists approach them with information.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- It has, however, been noted that individuals do not usually fit clearly into one category or another and there may be a real danger in trying to simplify their profiles given the complexity of the issue. Most importantly, one must bear in mind that the exploitation taking place may have different facets. CEOP, for example, has started using the following behavioural typologies, which were developed on the basis of first-hand research and practical work with travelling child sex offenders: "opportunity instigation" (taking advantage of holiday environments to abuse children), "self-contained abuse" (travelling abroad in the company of intended child victims), "speculative exploring" (travelling abroad to locations where children are reported to be available for sex), "informed networking" (arranging in advance to abuse children at a specific location), "resident foreigner abuse"(abuse by foreigner resident in developing countries), "pseudo-care work"(professionals and volunteers abusing the children with whom they work), "Internet-facilitated offending overseas" (using the Internet to abuse children in foreign countries).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- Countries of origin of international child sex tourists vary depending on the regions, but the demand is usually recognized as coming from the industrialized countries, including the richer countries of Europe, North America, the Russian Federation, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. Australians, for instance, have been identified as the largest group of sex tourists prosecuted in Thailand (31 per cent of the total). Of the 146 cases investigated by Action Pour Les Enfants (APLE) in Cambodia between 2003 and April 2012, 32 were American, 24 French and 20 Vietnamese. In the coastal regions of Kenya, for example, 30 per cent were residents and 70 per cent of the abusers were foreign: Italians (18 per cent), Germans (14 per cent), Swiss (12 per cent), with tourists coming from Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania fifth and sixth on the list. In Costa Rica, according to available information, between the 1999 and 2005, the Child Exploitation Unit had arrested a total of 74 persons on suspicion of commercial sexual exploitation of children. Of those arrested, 56 were Costa Rican nationals and 18 foreign nationals.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- Children living and working on the street lack the protective environment to counter potential traffickers and exploiters and may be forced into exploitative situations, including for survival. Girls belonging to gangs can be subject to sexual violence and exploitation by male gang members. Child labourers, particularly girls engaged in domestic work, are vulnerable to exploitation. Child migrants, especially children migrating on their own, are easy prey to traffickers. Furthermore, when migrating to new places, children and families often leave behind social support networks, which provide protection. Children in institutions are also at increased risk. In many countries, institutions are neither registered nor monitored, making children particularly vulnerable to abuse and exploitation without access to a remedy.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph