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Approach, vision and work methods 2014, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur also intends to develop, through research and thematic studies, other issues that directly affect her mandate, such as the consequences and impact of sale and sexual exploitation on child victims and the development of adequate comprehensive care to facilitate their recovery and reintegration. In addition, she will conduct research on a problem that has been the focus of the mandate since its creation by the Commission on Human Rights in its resolution 1999/68, namely the sale of children for the purposes of illegal adoption. The Special Rapporteur also plans to present a thematic report on the demand factor underpinning the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography that will update the 2006 thematic report on the topic (E/CN.4/2006/67). While the Special Rapporteur intends to accord priority to thematic studies on those issues, she will also continue to cover and follow up on other thematic concerns addressed by her predecessors, such as the issue of sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism, including in the context of major sports events, and the sale and sexual exploitation of children following humanitarian crises stemming from natural disasters and climate-related catastrophes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- Owing to various hardships in their environment and a lack of safety nets, children might find themselves in situations that make them particularly vulnerable.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- The above-mentioned two dimensions are closely interrelated. They depend on the strength of the protective environment around children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Child participation 2012, para. 20j
- Paragraph text
- [Child participation mechanisms must operate in compliance with these international human rights principles and standards and ensure:] Regular and independent monitoring and evaluation of the quality, sustainability and accountability of mechanisms and practices;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- The number of children who are orphaned in a natural disaster is usually overestimated, and the ability of the community to care for its children is often underestimated.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- [Thanks to these efforts, more data are now available on long-term trends and specific aspects of some types of sale and sexual exploitation of children, including:] The exacerbation of these phenomena due to poverty, the HIV/AIDS pandemic, conflicts, large-scale natural disasters and displaced persons;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Health
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- Global warming and natural disasters have continued to affect children in all parts of the world. According to UNICEF, "climate-related hazards are increasing, accounting for 70 per cent of all disasters today compared to 50 per cent two decades ago, and such climate-related crises are projected to affect hundreds of millions every year as early as 2015".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- The underlying push and pull factors that affect the sale and sexual exploitation of children are multidimensional and are linked to the political, legal, socioeconomic, cultural and environmental context, both at national and transnational levels.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Different maps and lists of origin, transit and destination countries have been produced - by ECPAT and the Protection Project, for example. It is important to note that these lists are not static or exhaustive. More research and information is needed for these maps to reflect reality more accurately - to the extent possible. Sex tourism involving children is not confined to a few exotic destinations but rampant around the world.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- Since the First World Congress against the Commercial and Sexual Exploitation of Children in Stockholm in 1996, where tourism was high on the agenda as a potential vehicle for the abuse of children worldwide, international commitments have been renewed through the Yokohama Global Commitment in 2001 and the Rio Declaration and Call for Action to Prevent and Stop Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents in 2008.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- Shocks in the broader context may also contribute to putting children at risk. Drought or conflict, for instance, may break down governance systems, disrupt families and drive families and children away from their environment, increasing their vulnerability. Studies on the impact of climate change and natural disasters on children have underscored their effects on the sale and sexual exploitation of children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- However, the family and community can be affected by external factors that weaken endogenous protection mechanisms and expose children to risk. In addition to various social issues, these include rapid urbanization, political instability, environmental insecurity and large-scale population movement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- Pull factors refer to the elements that draw children into exploitative situations. They include both the reasons why some children may be lured into sexual exploitation and the demand side that creates conditions for harm. New technologies, globalization, criminal networks and external shocks, such as economic crises, conflicts or natural disasters, all affect the nature of risks and the exposure of children to them.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 22a
- Paragraph text
- [Vulnerability is a function of:] The risks to which children are exposed, namely, the likelihood for a child to enter in harmful situations. It includes the various elements that determine the context in which the child evolves, namely, political, institutional, cultural, legislative, socioeconomic, environmental and globalization context;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- The absence of information relating to children in a natural disaster has inhibited the potential to develop appropriate prevention and response measures. UNICEF noted that "disaster risk reduction, with community resilience as an objective, is increasingly recognized as a key climate change adaptation strategy", while Save the Children advocates for child protection to be included in disaster risk reduction plans.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- In the natural desire to re-establish a sense of normalcy, there may be a rush to undertake poorly planned activities that may perpetuate or exacerbate the conditions of vulnerability of the human population and physical infrastructure, both of which increase the risks faced by children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- In 2010, UNICEF supported nearly 131 countries in strengthening their social welfare and justice systems. Fifteen other countries, including natural disaster-prone countries (such as Guatemala, Mozambique, Pakistan and Bangladesh) initiated a comprehensive mapping and assessment of child protection systems. UNICEF and its partners identified a collective starting point for understanding child protection systems as a common frame of reference.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- Many first responders have limited or no training in the procedural measures to follow when dealing with children in the acute stage of a natural disaster, such as reporting when and to where a child has been transferred or evacuated and any relevant details regarding the identity of the child.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- Despite the participation of multiple organizations, aid agencies, private actors and States, children continue to face heightened risks to sale and exploitation in situations of natural disaster. While the international community has taken many important steps to provide comprehensive protection to children, protection gaps persist. In fact, there are exploitation risks within the protection perimeter, as is evident below.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- The responses to the questionnaire indicate that numerous stakeholders, at all levels, have participated in initiatives to directly or indirectly prevent and combat the sale and exploitation of children during and after a natural disaster.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Again, the full extent of this issue remains largely unknown. While numerous country-level task forces on monitoring and reporting are in place to report on grave violations against children in armed conflicts, no similar mechanism exists in relation to violations against children in natural disasters.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- Children are particularly vulnerable to natural disasters due to their physical and psycho-social characteristics. Their vulnerability is heightened when children are separated from their families, unaccompanied, orphaned, displaced or "disappeared" and do not receive appropriate care, protection, support and rehabilitation
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- Nonetheless, the issue of child protection in natural disasters provides a unique opportunity to draw attention to the multitude of gaps that exist in programmatic funding, planning, responses and coordination and to put forward recommendations for all relevant stakeholders to address and redress these gaps on an urgent and continuing basis.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- Every year, an estimated 231 million people worldwide are affected by natural disasters and climate-related catastrophes; the majority being children. According to UNICEF's 2011 Humanitarian Action report, "climate-related hazards are increasing, accounting for 70 per cent of all disasters today compared to 50 per cent two decades ago, and such climate-related crises are projected to affect hundreds of millions every year as early as 2015."
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- Such migration, both internal and external, can occur in response to individual imperatives (such as the search for economic or professional opportunities), or to family and communal imperatives in connection with survival strategies or efforts to find suitable social or educational environments for children. Permanent and seasonal migrations, whether cross-border or within a country, are dictated by poverty, deteriorating living conditions, chronic drought, armed conflict and/or political instability.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- Natural disasters, including earthquakes, droughts, floods and tidal waves, cause major population movements, destroy infrastructure and worsen people's living conditions. Women and children are particularly affected. Children who are separated from their families as well as accompanied children, especially in households that are themselves headed by children, no longer possess any official documents and are inevitably at greater risk of economic and sexual exploitation as well as of being sold for illegal adoption.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- [Thanks to these efforts, more data are now available on long-term trends and specific aspects of some types of sale and sexual exploitation of children, including:] An increase in some types of sexual exploitation of children and adolescents perpetrated over the Internet and using new technologies, and facilitated by increased mobility through travel and tourism;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- Prior to and following a natural disaster, awareness-raising campaigns are critical to ensuring that communities, children and their families are aware of the dangers of a natural disaster as well as the violence, abuse and exploitation that children may experience in such a situation. They must consequently be aware of how they can prevent, report and respond to such violations, including through the protective legal framework and related child protective services.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- The Global Protection Cluster Task Force on Protection in Natural Disaster Situations, led by the International Development Law Organization (IDLO), aims to ensure that procedures are in place for an effective, predictable and accountable protection capacity in situations of natural disaster. Among its activities, the task force may include the identification of specific protection challenges in disaster response for certain groups, such as children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- Families living in poverty may be confronted by events affecting the family's income, such as the loss of a job, an economic crisis or a natural disaster affecting production, or the illness or death of the family's breadwinner. The impact of such shocks may drive families into survival strategies, resorting to debt or delivering children for the purpose of labour or other forms of exploitation. Children from families with only one or no living parent have been found to be particularly vulnerable to being exploited for domestic work or fishing.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph