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Ability of associations to access financial resources as a vital part of the right to freedom of association & Ability to hold peaceful assemblies as an integral component of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly 2013, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- The ability to hold peaceful assemblies is a fundamental and integral component of the multifaceted right to freedom of peaceful assembly, which shall be enjoyed by everyone. Such ability is of utmost importance to the work of civil society actors, including those promoting the realization of economic, social and cultural rights, as it enables them to publicly voice their message, which ultimately benefits the realization of the right(s) they strive to promote and protect, especially in the context of the ongoing dire economic crisis. This is all the more relevant for groups most at risk of violations and discrimination, such as women, youth, indigenous peoples, persons with disabilities, persons belonging to minority groups, groups at risk because of their sexual orientation and gender identity and non-nationals.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- People must be able to voice their concerns freely. Those who are otherwise discriminated against or stigmatized may have particular difficulties in making their opinion heard as concerns the types of service that are acceptable to them. They must also be given the chance to present their opinions and influence decision-making. For decisions on types of services, women and girls' participation is essential.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- Violence against women violates the right to free association and expression in a variety of harmful ways, while restrictions on association and expression entrench the continued presence of violence. A former Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression has stressed that the inability of women to exercise association and expression rights freely, without fear of violence, severely undermines the realization of all human rights (E/CN.4/2001/64, para. 75). The use of flogging and other forms of corporal punishment is usually linked to the control and limitation of freedom of association, expression and movement. The punishment usually has a collective dimension and is public in character, so as to serve a social objective, namely influencing the conduct of other women. The rights to freedom of association and expression are integral to the right to political participation, and restrictions on women's association and expression rights prevent women from fully exercising their participation rights. The Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and in practice has noted that stigmatization, harassment and outright attacks have frequently been used to silence and discredit women who are outspoken as leaders and politicians (A/HRC/23/50, para. 65).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Review of the standard minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners 2013, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The Rules should ensure that education and information regarding the prohibition against torture or other ill-treatment are included in the training of corrections personnel, whether civilian or military, medical personnel and other persons who may be involved in the custody, interrogation or treatment of any individual subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment. Medical personnel should receive specific training on the provisions contained in the Manual on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (2000). Training programmes should be envisaged to sensitize personnel to permissible methods and limitations for searches and steps to prevent and remedy prison violence with techniques that do not give rise to excessive use of force. Efforts should be strengthened to ensure that personnel adopt a gender-sensitive and age-sensitive approach (see the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners) and are sensitive to the particular needs of inmates who belong to marginalized groups by, for example, providing guidance, instances and examples on principles of equality and non discrimination, including in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity (see A/HRC/19/41, para. 75).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Review of the standard minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners 2013, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur recalls that the perceived fairness of a complaints system is indeed fundamental to its effectiveness in combating impunity and promoting a safe custodial environment. Sufficient safeguards and opportunities must be in place to make a complaint and to ensure the independence, reliability, confidentiality and safety of complaint mechanisms (see, for example, the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners, rule 25 (1)). Moreover, the right of detainees to file a complaint implies facilitating simple, prompt and effective recourse before competent, independent and impartial authorities against acts or omissions. Appropriate systems must be established to handle and process these complaints, ensuring access to independent lawyers and timely independent medical examination and guaranteeing the safety and security of the complainant. The Rules should place an obligation on prison authorities to take effective measures to protect complainants against any form of intimidation, reprisals and other adverse consequences. Measures in this regard include the transfer of the complainant or the implicated personnel to a different detention facility or the suspension from duty of the personnel. It is also important that the Rules integrate a provision obliging the personnel to guarantee the timely enforcement of any decision granting the remedy.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Selected groups of defenders at risk: journalists and media workers, defenders working on land and environment issues; and youth and student defenders 2012, para. 116
- Paragraph text
- In the Europe and Central Asia region, six communications were sent to Governments during the period, of which two were sent to the Russian Federation. An important distinction from other regions was that a majority of the victims were women (four out of six). One case involved a male victim and, in another, the sex of the victim(s) was not reported. Also in contrast to other regions, the majority of alleged violations in Europe and Central Asia consisted of raids on and searches of offices, confiscation of materials, surveillance of defenders' activities and their organizations' offices and lengthy interrogations, and even refusal to allow defenders to travel abroad. There were also alleged violations of youth and students' physical integrity, including physical assaults, excessive use of force during demonstrations and arbitrary detention. There was one case involving violations of psychological integrity and one case of criminalization of defenders' activities following peaceful protests. One case involved violations of a judicial nature, more specifically prison sentences. In five of the cases, State actors were the alleged perpetrators, notably police, while non-State actors were the alleged perpetrators in one case.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
On the Declaration on human rights defenders 2011, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- The mandate holder has also repeatedly received information about the situation of women defenders working on issues of impunity and access to justice, including witnesses and victims of human rights violations seeking redress, as well as the lawyers, individuals and organizations representing or supporting them. This group appears to be particularly at risk in certain countries.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of elections 2013, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- Although civil society organizations play an essential role during election time, freedom of association is, in many countries, restricted before, during and after elections. As noted by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders, acts of intimidation against civic activists often start long before the beginning of election campaigns (A/HRC/13/22 para. 56). Restrictions placed on unregistered associations preventing them from taking part in activities related to the electoral process is one way of obstructing the work of independent voices. As the Special Rapporteur has stated in previous reports, the right to freedom of association applies equally to associations that are not registered (A/HRC/20/27, para. 56). Because of their marginalization, women, youth, minorities, indigenous groups or persons with disabilities may form or join unregistered associations for the advancement of their interests. States should play an active role in removing barriers that keep these marginalized and disempowered groups from participating in public life and exercising their rights in the context of elections. This is vital to ensure that their voices are heard and their causes taken into account in the policies of the next Government.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of elections 2013, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- The significance of equal protection of the rights to peaceful assembly and association in the context of elections for everyone is heightened in the context of elections because of the potential for the exacerbation of vulnerabilities during this period. The Special Rapporteur notes the inclination of actors in the electoral contest to exploit racial, ethnic, religious, political, national or social origin, among other distinctions explicitly prohibited in article 2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, with a view to excluding opponents. He emphasizes that these rights are guaranteed for everyone on the basis of equality (A/HRC/20/27, para. 13), and that States therefore have the obligation to offer effective protection against discrimination. In the context of elections, any temporary measures designed to enhance the ability of marginalized groups or groups most at risk to exercise their rights, such as women, victims of discrimination because of their sexual orientation and gender identity, youth, persons belonging to minorities, indigenous peoples, non-nationals, including stateless persons, refugees or migrants, and members of religious groups, as well as activists advocating economic, social, and cultural rights, and used as a mechanism to level the playing field, do not constitute discrimination.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Hate speech and incitement to hatred 2012, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- The first critical step is to address and redress the indirect censorship, powerlessness and/or alienation felt by many groups and individuals. For example, in many countries, women or women's groups that publicly criticize discriminatory religious tenets have frequently been the targets of severe harassment and intimidation, both by the State and by non-State actors. Explicitly or implicitly, through such actions an illusion is created that only those with the requisite authority can speak on particular issues. The resulting culture of fear hampers public debate and directly contradicts the right to freedom of opinion and expression. Governments should therefore proactively facilitate counter-speech of individuals belonging to groups that are systematically targeted by hate speech. Moreover, with the advent of the Internet, individuals no longer have to wait for the State to facilitate such processes and can take the initiative themselves. For example, Groundviews (http://groundviews.org) is a citizen journalism initiative in Sri Lanka that documents stories and opinions that the mainstream media may censor owing to fear or reprisals. By allowing voices that have been marginalized and perspectives that generally find little expression to come to the fore, such initiatives play a vital role in fostering debate and greater understanding in society.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CEDAW) 2014, para. 16d
- Paragraph text
- [For the purposes of the present joint general recommendation/general comment, practices should meet the following criteria to be regarded as harmful:] They are imposed on women and children by family members, community members or society at large, regardless of whether the victim provides, or is able to provide, full, free and informed consent.
- Body
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 16d
- Paragraph text
- [For the purposes of the present joint general recommendation/general comment, practices should meet the following criteria to be regarded as harmful:] They are imposed on women and children by family members, community members or society at large, regardless of whether the victim provides, or is able to provide, full, free and informed consent.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Political and public life 1997, para. 20c
- Paragraph text
- [Factors which impede these rights include the following:] In many nations, traditions and social and cultural stereotypes discourage women from exercising their right to vote. Many men influence or control the votes of women by persuasion or direct action, including voting on their behalf. Any such practices should be prevented;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 1997
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Political and public life 1997, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- The examination of the reports of States parties demonstrates that, while almost all have adopted constitutional or other legal provisions that grant to both women and men the equal right to vote in all elections and public referendums, in many nations women continue to experience difficulties in exercising this right.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1997
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Political and public life 1997, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- The Convention obliges States parties in constitutions or legislation to take appropriate steps to ensure that women, on the basis of equality with men, enjoy the right to vote in all elections and referendums, and to be elected. These rights must be enjoyed both de jure and de facto.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1997
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Equality in marriage and family relations 1994, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- In countries that are undergoing a programme of agrarian reform or redistribution of land among groups of different ethnic origins, the right of women, regardless of marital status, to share such redistributed land on equal terms with men should be carefully observed.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Economic Rights
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1994
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Political and public life 1997, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- Moreover, in article 1 of the Convention, the term "discrimination against women" is interpreted to mean: any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1997
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Gender-based violence against women, updating general recommendation No. 19 2017, para. 31d
- Paragraph text
- [The Committee recommends that States parties implement the following protective measures:] Develop and disseminate accessible information, through diverse and accessible media and community dialogue, aimed at women, in particular those affected by intersecting forms of discrimination, such as those with disabilities, those who are illiterate or those who have no or limited knowledge of the official languages of a country, on the legal and social resources available to victims/survivors, including reparations.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Gender-based violence against women, updating general recommendation No. 19 2017, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- Women’s right to a life free from gender-based violence is indivisible from and interdependent on other human rights, including the rights to life, health, liberty and security of the person, equality and equal protection within the family, freedom from torture, cruel, inhumane or degrading treatment, and freedom of expression, movement, participation, assembly and association.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Priorities for the work of the Independent Expert and the twentieth anniversary of the Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities 2012, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- Minority women may face obstacles within their homes and in communities that deny them a role in decision-making. In society at large, they may in turn be denied a say in decisions of the national polity because they are women and because they are minorities. Ensuring effective political participation for minority women and their equal representation not only ensures their participation in decision-making on issues directly affecting them but also helps to ensure that society as a whole benefits from their contribution and truly reflects its diversity.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Selected groups of defenders at risk: journalists and media workers, defenders working on land and environment issues; and youth and student defenders 2012, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- In the Asia Pacific region, such defenders were mainly targeted for exercising their right to freedom of opinion and expression (including through the Internet), promoting democracy, as well as for denouncing corruption and violations committed by the State, witnessing human rights violations, advocating women's rights and reporting human rights violations. The mandate holder sent the highest number of communications to the Islamic Republic of Iran (22), China (8) and Sri Lanka (7).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Selected groups of defenders at risk: journalists and media workers, defenders working on land and environment issues; and youth and student defenders 2012, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- In the African region, the type of activities carried out by journalists and media workers allegedly targeted were monitoring demonstrations; exercising their right to freedom of opinion and expression; or working on impunity, corruption, women's rights, human rights violations committed by the State, environmental issues and democracy. In this region, the Democratic Republic of Congo received the highest number of communications (10).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Women human rights defenders and those working on women’s rights or gender issues 2011, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- This section focuses primarily on an analysis of the communications sent by the mandate during the 2004-2009 period. The analysis is based upon the communications sent during this period which addressed violations against women defenders and those working on women's rights or gender issues and against their family members, identifying the nature of the activities carried by the reported victims, as well as the alleged violations and perpetrators, with a view to identifying possible trends.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- Families
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of elections 2013, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- Fundamentally, the Special Rapporteur believes that all peaceful assemblies held during the electoral process, whether or not in support of the ruling party or the incumbent Government, should be entitled to equal treatment. Such assemblies should receive equal protection and facilitation from the State, in fulfilment of its positive obligation in this regard, irrespective of which category or group the demonstrators belong to. In this connection, the Special Rapporteur warns against the increased vulnerability of the aforementioned marginalized groups or groups most at risk from attacks, derogatory comments, stigmatization, and undue restrictions, with a view to serving political agendas, often from different parties. Some of them may also face the revocation of passports and work permits for having taken part in solidarity protests. As a consequence, peaceful assemblies organized by such groups, which may want to seize the opportunity of elections to draw attention to their respective plights, are adversely impacted. The Special Rapporteur is horrified by the aforementioned incidents in Guinea in September 2009, where many women participating in the demonstration or present in the area were stripped naked and sexually assaulted, including by gang rape, both at the stadium and in detention. In Zimbabwe, demonstrators peacefully advocating women rights were brutalized in the context of elections. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, five students were among those killed by security forces in June 2009.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Groups in need of attention, limitations to the right to freedom of expression, and protection of journalists 2010, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- According to the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), the perpetrators of these offences have enjoyed total impunity in 94 per cent of all cases, while the percentage of cases in which even some partial measure of justice has been obtained is minimal; in only 2 per cent of cases have the offences been tried before the competent authorities and the perpetrators and instigators prosecuted. Although the majority of the victims were male journalists, 11 per cent were women, which is also a matter for concern.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Groups in need of attention, limitations to the right to freedom of expression, and protection of journalists 2010, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- In accordance with the Special Rapporteur's mandate to mainstream women's human rights and a gender perspective in all his activities, this report reiterates the undeniable link between freedom of expression and women's human rights, which include the right to express their opinions, to have access to their own means of communication and to work in the existing mass media. The following considerations should be taken into account in this regard.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Issues relating to reservations made upon ratification or accession to the Covenant or the Optional Protocols thereto, or in relation to declarations under article 41 of the Covenant 1994, para. 8
- Paragraph text
- Reservations that offend peremptory norms would not be compatible with the object and purpose of the Covenant. Although treaties that are mere exchanges of obligations between States allow them to reserve inter se application of rules of general international law, it is otherwise in human rights treaties, which are for the benefit of persons within their jurisdiction. Accordingly, provisions in the Covenant that represent customary international law (and a fortiori when they have the character of peremptory norms) may not be the subject of reservations. Accordingly, a State may not reserve the right to engage in slavery, to torture, to subject persons to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, to arbitrarily deprive persons of their lives, to arbitrarily arrest and detain persons, to deny freedom of thought, conscience and religion, to presume a person guilty unless he proves his innocence, to execute pregnant women or children, to permit the advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred, to deny to persons of marriageable age the right to marry, or to deny to minorities the right to enjoy their own culture, profess their own religion, or use their own language. And while reservations to particular clauses of article 14 may be acceptable, a general reservation to the right to a fair trial would not be.
- Body
- Human Rights Committee
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 1994
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Article 3: Equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all civil and political rights - replaced by GC No. 28 1981, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- Article 3 of the Covenant requiring, as it does, States parties to ensure the equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all civil and political rights provided for in the Covenant, has been insufficiently dealt with in a considerable number of States reports and has raised a number of concerns, two of which may be highlighted.
- Body
- Human Rights Committee
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1981
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the work of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples 2017, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- Without consideration of these potential barriers, indigenous peoples face violations of due process when they do not understand legal procedures and when courts are inaccessible. Persistent racism, including in the judicial system, is clearly an obstacle to obtaining justice. This is undoubtedly a factor in the concerning overrepresentation of indigenous persons, including women and young people, in jail. Aggressive litigation, particularly by private parties who seek access to indigenous lands and resources, can be used as a way to hinder effective justice or remedy.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The Special Rapporteur's vision of the mandate 2017, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- Together with freedom of expression and other rights, freedom of peaceful assembly and of association lies at the core of any functioning democratic system. These rights are essential components of democracy, as they empower men and women to “express their political opinions, engage in literary and artistic pursuits and other cultural, economic and social activities, engage in religious observances or other beliefs, form and join trade unions and cooperatives, and elect leaders to represent their interests and hold them accountable” (Human Rights Council resolution 15/21, preamble).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph