system in order to be independent, promote a global gender equality policy, monitor other governmental institutions, and integrate their concerns at all levels and in all areas. Measures should be taken to facilitate the active participation of and coordination with non-governmental organizations and related agencies and institutions doing research on women. Actions are also required to ensure close integration of women in advisory consultative bodies with national machinery. Train in gender analysis 100. Governments should develop tools for gender analysis and require government officials to apply these tools in developing policies and programmes; all key personnel should be trained in gender analysis as a tool for planning, implementation and monitoring programmes and projects. The United Nations should assist countries by developing models for gender analysis for national policies and programmes; the employment of women in policy development and programme implementation institutions, especially for sustainable development, should be promoted. I. Apply and enforce international norms and standards to promote and safeguard the full and equal enjoyment by women of all human rights 101. Women should be able to enjoy their rights on a full and equal basis and actions should be taken that will enable women to exercise their rights. The actions should cover all international human rights instruments and their monitoring mechanisms. They should ensure that national norms reflect international norms and that both are applied and enforced through mechanisms that are open, accessible and effective. Make international instruments effective 102. All human rights treaty bodies should include the status of women and the human rights of women in their deliberations and findings and make use of gender-specific data. States should supply information on the situation of women de jure and de facto in their reports to treaty-monitoring bodies and also work with all special rapporteurs and working groups on human rights in this respect. The High Commissioner for Human Rights should monitor coordination and cooperation among all human rights mechanisms on identification of violations of and enjoyment by women of their human rights. Improved cooperation should be developed between the Commission on the Status of Women and the Commission on Human Rights. Governments that have not yet done so should accede to human rights conventions, including especially the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, so that universal ratification is achieved by the year 2000. Non-governmental organizations should work vigorously to change this through advocacy and awareness-raising campaigns. States parties to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women are urged to withdraw reservations that are contrary to the object and purpose of the Convention or that are otherwise incompatible with international treaty law. Sufficient resources should be provided in the regular budget of the United Nations to the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women to enable it to fulfil its mandate. -50-