A/RES/56/261 (d) The strengthening of national governance systems and institutions, in particular criminal justice institutions, to create and/or ensure greater independence from and resistance to corrupt influences; (e) The maintenance or establishment of institutions and structures to achieve transparency and public accountability in government, business and other key social and economic sectors; (f) The development of expertise in anti-corruption measures and the education and training of officials about the nature and consequences of corruption and how to combat it effectively. 8. States will endeavour, as appropriate, to address transnational corruption with the following measures: (a) The signature, ratification and implementation of existing international instruments against corruption, as appropriate; (b) Proper follow-up to international anti-corruption measures recommendations at the national level, in conformity with national law; and (c) The development and enhancement of domestic capacity to provide international cooperation in anti-corruption matters, including addressing the question of the repatriation of proceeds of corruption; (d) Awareness-raising on the part of relevant government departments or ministries such as ministries of justice, the interior, foreign affairs and development cooperation as to the seriousness of the problems posed by transnational corruption and the need to support effective measures against it; (e) The provision of material, technical or other support to other States in anti-corruption programmes, both directly and through financial support to the global programme against corruption; (f) The reduction of opportunities for the transfer and concealment of proceeds of corruption, and measures to address the question of returning such proceeds to their countries of origin; actions may include ensuring the implementation of measures against money-laundering, pursuant to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and other international legal instruments, and the development and implementation of new measures. B. International actions 9. The Centre for International Crime Prevention will, in cooperation with other relevant international and regional organizations, as appropriate, and in accordance with the present resolution: (a) Provide substantive expertise and full secretariat services to the Ad Hoc Committee for the Negotiation of a Convention against Corruption in the course of its work; (b) Ensure, with the assistance of Member States, the full and effective participation of developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in the work of the Ad Hoc Committee, including by covering travel and local expenses; (c) Provide to States, on request, technical cooperation to facilitate the ratification and implementation of the future United Nations convention against corruption; 5