Certain forms of abuses in health-care settings that may cross a threshold of mistreatment that is tantamount to torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment 2013, para. 47
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In the case of R.R. v. Poland, for instance, ECHR found a violation of article 3 in the case of a woman who was denied access to prenatal genetic testing when an ultrasound revealed a potential foetal abnormality. The Court recognized "that the applicant was in a situation of great vulnerability" and that R.R.'s access to genetic testing was "marred by procrastination, confusion and lack of proper counselling and information given to the applicant". Access to information about reproductive health is imperative to a woman's ability to exercise reproductive autonomy, and the rights to health and to physical integrity.
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Non-negotiated soft law
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Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment