A/HRC/15/58 • Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (TFG). 28. The near total impunity for grave crimes perpetrated against children remains disturbing and poses a serious challenge for the protection of children. Despite several initiatives and commitments by some governments to address impunity using national accountability mechanisms in 2009, including by initiating investigations, arrests and trials against members of armed forces or armed groups, with some resulting in convictions, impunity continues to prevail. Factors which undermine the fight against impunity include the lack of political will, weak legal and judicial infrastructures, as well as the absence of resources and expertise to conduct investigations and prosecutions. In some cases, there is deliberate obstruction of the course of justice and a failure to focus on command responsibility. The Special Representative emphasizes that unless all parties to conflict adhere to their commitments, comply with their international obligations and are held accountable for non-compliance, the plight of children in situations of armed conflict risks deterioration. V. Progress made in addressing grave violations against children in armed conflict 29. Since the previous report of the Special Representative to the Human Rights Council,5 the commitments made by the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in the Philippines, the Unified Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist (UCPN-M) and the Government of Nepal, as well as the Forces nationales de liberation (FNL) in Burundi, which were reflected in that report, have been translated into tangible actions by these parties in 2009 and 2010. Action plans to end the recruitment and use of children and to secure their release were signed between the United Nations and the MILF, the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), the Government of Nepal, and the UCPN-M on 30 July, 20 November and 16 December 2009, respectively. Additionally, in June 2010, the Sudan Liberation Army/Free Will, a signatory to the Darfur Peace Agreement, established an action plan and issued an order to all commanders and members of the armed group to stop recruitment and re-recruitment of children in their ranks. Since July 2009 to date, the SLA/Free Will has released 173 children; while the Maoist party in Nepal released almost three thousand minors in an extraordinary process in February this year. 30. In Burundi, pivotal success was achieved with the complete cessation of recruitment, the release of all children associated with the FNL and their reunification with their families. This group was removed from the annexes of the Secretary-General’s report as a result. In the course of 2009, thousands of children were also released by parties in the Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and the Sudan. VI. Vulnerabilities and risks faced by children who are internally displaced during armed conflict – addressing their rights 31. Most people fleeing armed conflict do so within the borders of their own countries. They are unable or reluctant to leave their homelands and increasingly find countries of asylum less willing to accept them. Of the estimated 27.1 million people around the world today who have been forced to flee their homes due to armed conflict, and who remain within their countries as IDPs, at least half, and likely more, are children. 5 A/HRC/12/49. 9