A/69/264 Collaboration with Member States and other partners will remain cru cial to further consolidate this process and promote the consideration of these child -friendly materials in the education system. 2. United Nations Model Strategies on the Elimination of Violence against Children in the Field of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice 10. The protection of children from violence in the justice system figures high in the Special Representative’s agenda. Over the past years significant studies have been developed, most recently on restorative justice, 4 and important initiatives supported at the international, regional and national levels. Building upon these efforts, the Special Representative, in collaboration with partners, promoted the development of Model Strategies and Practical Measures on the Elimination of Violence against Children in the field of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice. 11. The drafting process was conducted by an intergovernmental open -ended working group, co-chaired by the Governments of Thailand and Austria, and supported by an Inter-Agency Advisory Group composed of the Special Representative, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). These model strategies were adopted by the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice in May 2014. 5 12. The Model Strategies are framed by the Convention on the Rights of the Child, its Optional Protocols and United Nations standards in the field of crime prevention and criminal justice, including the United Nations Model Strategies on violence against women, 6 and by research and national experiences across regions. 7 13. The Model Strategies provide a significant reference for national efforts aim ed at a justice system framed by children’s rights, and at preventing violence against children and securing victims’ protection. They promote children’s access to justice and participation in judicial proceedings, and a non-intimidating environment where crime prevention is given serious attention and children’s rights are safeguarded at all times, including in situations of deprivation of liberty. Furthermore, they put in place accountability systems to fight impunity. 14. Countless children involved with the criminal justice system as victims, witnesses or alleged offenders have a history of exposure to violence. At times, the criminal justice system is used as a substitute for weak or non-existent child protection systems that lead to the stigmatization and criminalization of girls and boys at risk, including those who are homeless and poor, those living or working on the street, and those who have fled home as a result of violence. 15. Many children are held for minor offences and detained in inhuman conditions where they risk harassment, sexual abuse, and humiliating and degrading treatment by staff, as a form of control, discipline or punishment. __________________ 4 5 6 7 4/23 http://srsg.violenceagainstchildren.org/page/919. Resolution 2013/34 to be submitted for action by the General Assembly at its sixty-ninth session. General Assembly resolution 65/228, annex. See http://srsg.violenceagainstchildren.org studies on the juvenile justice system and on chil dsensitive counselling, reporting and complaint mechanisms. 14-58801