A/HRC/53/37 United Nations General Assembly Distr.: General 24 January 2024 Original: English Human Rights Council Fifty-third session 19 June–14 July 2023 Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Freedom of religion or belief and freedom from violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity Report of the Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, Victor Madrigal-Borloz*, ** Summary In the present report, submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions 32/2, 41/18 and 50/10, the Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, Victor Madrigal-Borloz, examines the intersection between freedom of thought, conscience and religion or belief and protection from violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Activities undertaken by the Independent Expert since June 2022 are included in the annex. * The present report was submitted after the deadline so as to include the most recent information. ** The annex to the present document is circulated in the language of submission only. GE.23-10841 (E) 220124 240124