United action with renewed determination towards the total elimination of nuclear weapons A/RES/71/49 Recalling, in this context, that the international community faces grave challenges to the regime centred on the Treaty on the Non -Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, such as the repeated nuclear tests and the launches using ballistic missile technology conducted by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, most recently in September 2016, in violation of the relevant Security Council resolutions, and reiterating the resolute opposition of the international community to its possession of nuclear weapons, Recalling also that nuclear and radiological terrorism remains a pressing and evolving challenge to the international community, and welcoming in this context the success of the Nuclear Security Summit process, including the fourth Nuclear Security Summit, held in Washington, D.C., on 31 March and 1 April 2016, at which the central role of the International Atomic Energy Agency was reaffirmed, 1. Renews the determination of all States to take united action towards the total elimination of nuclear weapons, with a view to achieving a safer world for all and a peaceful and secure world free of nuclear weapons; 2. Reaffirms, in this regard, the unequivocal undertaking of the nuclear weapon States to accomplish the total elimination of their nuclear arsenals, leading to nuclear disarmament, to which all States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 1 are committed under article VI thereof; 3. Calls upon all States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to comply with their obligations under all the articles of the Treaty and to implement the steps agreed to in the Final Documents of the 1995 Review and Extension Conference 2 and the 2000 3 and 2010 4 Review Conferences; 4. Encourages all States to exert their utmost efforts towards the success of the 2020 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non -Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, bearing in mind that the first session of the Preparatory Committee for the Review Conference will be held in Vienna in May 2017; 5. Calls upon all States not parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to accede as non-nuclear-weapon States to the Treaty promptly and without any conditions to achieve its universality and, pending their accession to the Treaty, to adhere to its terms and to take practical steps in support of the Treaty; 6. Calls upon all States to take further practical steps and effective measures towards the total elimination of nuclear weapons, based on the principle of undiminished and increased security for all; 7. Encourages nuclear-weapon States and non-nuclear-weapon States to further engage in meaningful dialogue that facilitates practical and concrete measures on nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation; 8. Emphasizes that deep concerns about the humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons continue to underpin efforts by all States towards a world free of nuclear weapons; 9. Encourages the Russian Federation and the United States of America to commence negotiations at an early date to achieve greater reductions in their stockpiles of nuclear weapons, with a view to concluding such negotiations as soon as possible; 10. Calls upon all nuclear-weapon States to undertake further efforts to reduce and ultimately eliminate all types of nuclear weapons, deployed and non-deployed, including through unilateral, bilateral, regional and multilateral measures; 3/6