Stigma and the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2012, para. 23
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Stigma manifests itself in different ways, combining ostracism, abandonment, shunning, rejection, isolation, exclusion, bullying, discrediting, blaming, harassment, physical violence, among many others, but fundamentally all these manifestations relate back to the process of devaluing and dehumanizing individuals in certain groups and creating an "us and them" divide. Different people experience stigma in different ways, and the extent to which certain manifestations apply differs. The examples mentioned are for illustrative purposes only. They are not meant to imply that particular groups experience stigma exclusively in one way or another, or that other manifestations would relate only to other groups.
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Non-negotiated soft law
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Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation