A global call for concrete action for the elimination of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and the comprehensive implementation of and follow-up to the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action A/RES/80/193 provide a comprehensive United Nations framework and solid foundation for combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance; 14. Calls upon States to strengthen independent national human rights institutions, where they exist, and ensure that they are mandated to address racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, have the capacity to address complaints and are provided with adequate financial, technical and human resources to enable the effective fulfilment of their mandate; 15. Stresses the need to promote an integrated approach to eliminating all forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, inter alia, by adopting and enforcing comprehensive anti‑discrimination legislation, adopting and implementing national action plans, ensuring access to justice and effective remedies, promoting education and awareness-raising, and combating racial stereotypes, combating hate speech and incitement to racial hatred, promoting international cooperation and implementing targeted special measures in line with the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action; 16. Encourages the collection of data disaggregated, in accordance with national legislation, by race, national or ethnic origin, sex, age and other characteristics relevant in national contexts, to inform laws, policies and practices and to monitor their impact; 17. Acknowledges and profoundly regrets the untold suffering and evils inflicted on millions of men and women and children as a result of the historical injustices of slavery, the slave trade, the transatlantic slave trade, colonialism, apartheid, genocide and past tragedies, noting that some S tates have taken the initiative to apologize and have paid reparations, where appropriate, for grave and massive violations committed, further calls upon those that have not yet expressed remorse or presented apologies to find some way to contribute to the restoration of the dignity of victims, and calls upon all the relevant States that have not already done so to dispense reparatory justice, including finding ways to remedy historical racial injustices, contributing to the development and recognition of the dignity of the affected States and their people; 18. Encourages States to challenge biases and address contemporary manifestations of racism, and historical racial injustices, through quality education and the development of relevant educational materials at school to reinforce anti‑discrimination and anti‑racism components, based on the principles of non‑discrimination, mutual respect and tolerance; 19. Takes note that the African Union dedicated the year 2025 to the theme “Justice for Africans and people of African descent through reparations” and, building on this theme, proclaimed a decade for reparations; 20. Takes note with appreciation of the initiatives taken by the SecretaryGeneral, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and anti‑racism human rights mechanisms calling for effective remedies and reparatory justice for Africans and people of African descent; 21. Encourages States and regional formations to engage with and support the plans, strategies, programmes and initiatives of the African Union and of the Caribbean Community relating to reparatory justice for Africans and people of African descent, with a view to identifying and fulfilling their responsibilities concerning reparations for the historical injustices of slavery, the slave trade, the transatlantic slave trade, apartheid, colonialism and genocide in Africa and throughout the African diaspora, further notes the review of the Caribbean Community Ten Point Plan for Reparatory Justice, and looks forward to the updated version; 25-20895 7/13