Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 46
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Piped systems usually ensure accessibility, acceptability and convenience for the user, quality and privacy. The health benefits for those connected to a sewerage network are clear, as faeces and wastewater are transported away from the household in a way that avoids human contact. While the user has to clean the toilet and ensure that the flush mechanism works properly, all other aspects of maintenance and wastewater treatment are the responsibility of someone else. A regulatory framework and standards for piped systems are generally available, while these are not always effectively put in place and monitored.
Legal status
Non-negotiated soft law
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Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation