United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 2. (2) (d)
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[Nevertheless, for the purposes of this Convention, the term forced or compulsory labour shall not include] any work or service exacted in cases of emergency, that is to say, in the event of war or of a calamity or threatened calamity, such as fire, flood, famine, earthquake, violent epidemic or epizootic diseases, invasion by animal, insect or vegetable pests, and in general any circumstance that would endanger the existence or the well-being of the whole or part of the population;