A/HRC/18/30
Contents
Paragraphs
Page
I.
Introduction ..............................................................................................................
1
4
II.
Activities of the mandate .........................................................................................
2–8
4
A. Country visits ....................................................................................................
2–4
4
B. Other activities ...................................................................................................
5–8
4
III. Scope of the thematic report ....................................................................................
9–19
5
IV. Relevant international legal framework for combating child slavery......................
20–30
6
Root causes, manifestations and aggravating factors that lead to child slavery in
the mining and quarrying sector ...............................................................................
31–48
9
A. Poverty ...............................................................................................................
32–34
9
B. Education ...........................................................................................................
35–36
9
C. Legal and institutional structures ......................................................................
37
10
D. Informality and illegality in the artisanal mining and
quarrying sector..................................................................................................
38–39
10
E. Lack of or weak State presence .........................................................................
40
10
F. Conflict ..............................................................................................................
41
10
G. Trafficking ..........................................................................................................
42
10
H. Debt bondage ......................................................................................................
43
11
I. International and national market forces ............................................................
44–45
11
J. Discrimination ....................................................................................................
46
12
K. Lack of social structures ...................................................................................
47
12
L. HIV/AIDS ..........................................................................................................
48
12
49–76
12
or social development. ......................................................................................
50–54
13
B. Children in mining .............................................................................................
55–62
14
C. Children in quarrying ........................................................................................
63–66
15
D. The right to education .......................................................................................
67–68
16
E. The gender dimension .......................................................................................
69–76
16
V.
VI. Nature and impact of child slavery on the enjoyment of children’s rights .............
A. Nature and impact on the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral
2