(b) To take all appropriate measures to prevent racism and discriminatory and xenophobic attitudes and behaviour, through education, keeping in mind the important role that children play in changing these practices; (c) To ensure that children, from an early age, benefit from education and from participation in activities which develop respect for human rights and emphasize the practice of non-violence with the aim of instilling in them the values and goals of a culture of peace; 15. Reaffirms the Dakar Framework for Action adopted by the World Education Forum in April 2000 and calls for its full implementation, and in this regard invites the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to continue to implement its mandated role in coordinating Education for All partners and maintaining their collaborative momentum; 16. Notes with interest the recent adoption by the Committee on the Rights of the Child of General Comment No. 1 (2001) on the aims of education (art. 29, para. 1, of the Convention), as well as the adoption of general comments as a means of cooperating with States parties in the implementation of the Convention; Freedom from violence Reaffirming paragraphs 22 to 24 of its resolution 2000/85, 17. Notes with appreciation the initiative of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on State violence against children, welcomes the upcoming general discussion in September 2001 on the theme of violence suffered by children in schools and within the family, and welcomes the recommendation by the Committee that the Secretary-General should be requested, through the General Assembly, to conduct an indepth study on the issue of violence against children, inter alia the different types of violent treatment of which children are victims, to identify their causes, the extent of such violence and its impact on children, and to put forward recommendations for action, including effective remedies and preventive and rehabilitation measures; 18. Calls upon all States to take all appropriate national, bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent all forms of violence against children and to protect them from torture and other forms of violence, physical violence including domestic violence, child abuse, mental and sexual violence, abuse by the police and other law enforcement authorities or by employees in juvenile detention centres, orphanages, childcare institutions and others, as well as violence in the street and in schools; 19. Also calls upon all States to investigate and submit cases of torture and other forms of violence against children to the competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution and to impose appropriate disciplinary or penal sanctions against those responsible for such practices; III. NON-DISCRIMINATION 20. Calls upon all States in which ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities or persons of indigenous origin exist not to deny to a child belonging to such a minority or who is indigenous the right, in community with other members of his or her group, to enjoy his or her own culture, to profess and practise his or her own religion, or to use his or her own language; The girl child Reaffirming paragraphs 26 to 28 of its resolution 2000/85, 21. Calls upon all States to take all necessary measures, including legal reforms where appropriate: (a) To ensure the full and equal enjoyment by girls of all human rights and fundamental freedoms, to take effective actions against violations of those rights and freedoms and to base programmes and policies for the girl child on the rights of the child; (b) To eliminate all forms of discrimination against girls, including all forms of violence, harmful traditional or customary practices, including female genital mutilation, the root causes of son preference, marriages without free and full consent of the intending spouses and early marriages, by enacting and enforcing page 5