A/RES/80/199 Effective promotion of the Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities in contributing to flourishing, inclusive and stable societies; 16. Calls upon States, while bearing in mind the theme of the seventeenth session of the Forum on Minority Issues, with a view to enhancing the implementation of the Declaration and ensuring the realization of the rights of persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities, to take appropriate measures by, inter alia: (a) Considering the ratification of, accession to and adherence to all relevant international instruments that protect and promote the rights of persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities with the aim of addressing and countering the spread of racism, xenophobia, misogyny, negative stereotyping and stigmatization; (b) Reviewing and, where necessary, considering the amendment of any legislation, including, as appropriate, constitutional provisions, and any policy or practice that has a discriminatory or disproportionately negative effect, both offline and in digital contexts, on persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities; (c) Adopting and implementing comprehensive anti‑discrimination legislation and other measures, where required, to protect and promote the rights of persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities; (d) Strongly condemning and, where necessary, prohibiting by law any advocacy of national, ethnic, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence, including violence against women, and taking effective measures, both online and offline, consistent with their obligations under international law, including international humanitarian law and international human rights law, to address and combat such incidents; (e) Ensuring that persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities have equal access without any form of discrimination to justice and remedies for human rights violations, abuses and/or crimes, including crimes committed on the basis of national, ethnic, religious or linguistic hatred; (f) Strengthening international cooperation, including with international and regional organizations, and cooperation with the private sector, including technology companies, national human rights institutions and civil society in order to share expertise, knowledge and effective practices in addressing and countering hate speech and discrimination against persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities, online and offline, while respecting and promoting human rights, including in the development and use of digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI); (g) Working with social media companies, as applicable, to protect persons belonging to minorities by taking active measures to counter hate speech and address its increasing spread, enable research into measures to reduce it and promote users’ access to effective reporting channels, in a manner consistent with international human rights law; (h) Considering the adoption of legislation, where necessary, to prohibit advocacy of hatred directed at persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence offline, as well as online, including on social media platforms, to prevent the amplification of discriminatory narratives; 6/9 25-20951