Torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment A/RES/80/198 this context stresses that ensuring that any individual arrested or detained is promptly brought before a judge or other independent judicial officer in person, facilitating access to legal counsel without delay, and permitting prompt and regular medical c are, including, where necessary, an age-, disability- and gender-responsive medical and psychological examination that respects the inherent dignity of the person and upholds their full human rights throughout all stages of detention, as well as regular contact with family members, including visits by family members and independent monitoring mechanisms, are effective measures for the prevention of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; 14. Stresses the obligation of States to ensure that all persons who are arrested or detained are informed at the time of arrest or detention of the reasons for the arrest or detention and are promptly informed of any charges against them, in accessible forms of communication, including in a language that they understand, and are provided with information about, and an explanation of, their rights and are provided with consular notification and access, as appropriate, and calls upon States to take steps to notify the fact of the detention to a relative or another third party; 15. Calls upon States to include education and information regarding the absolute prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in the training of law enforcement personnel and other personnel authorized to resort to force or who may be involved in the custody, interrogation or treatment of any individual subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment, which may include training on the use of force, all available modern scientific methods for the investigation of crimes and the critical importance of reporting instances of torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment to superior authorities; 16. Emphasizes that States shall keep under systematic review interrogation rules, instructions, methods and practices, as well as arrangements for the custody and treatment of persons subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment in any territory under their jurisdiction, and stresses the importance of the development of domestic guidelines on the conduct of interrogations, with a view to preventing any cases of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; 17. Takes note with appreciation of the Principles on Effective Interviewing for Investigations and Information-Gathering (the Méndez Principles), and encourages States to use them as appropriate through the implementation of national measures, including non‑coercive interviewing methods and procedural safeguards, thereby operationalizing the presumption of innocence, ensuring that no person is subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment during questioning, as well as improving effective policing, criminal justice investigations, prosecutions, convictions and other forms of information-gathering processes; 18. Encourages all States to take appropriate effective legislative, administrative, judicial and other measures to apply the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules), 8 the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non -custodial Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules), 9 the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (the Beijing Rules) 10 and the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty (the Havana Rules); 11 _______________ 8 Resolution 70/175, annex. Resolution 65/229, annex. 10 Resolution 40/33, annex. 11 Resolution 45/113, annex. 9 25-20949 5/11