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Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- Millennium Development Goal 1 aims to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. As noted in the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, the fear of gender-based violence is a major constraint on the mobility of women and limits their access to resources and economic activity. The major causes of women's poverty are embodied in unequal power relations between women and men, intertwined with patterns of gender-based violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- Research reveals that living in poverty can further increase the likelihood that women will experience violence, as poverty is both a cause and a consequence of violence against women. Also, poverty and race are interconnected - as the majority of the world's poor are women who come from racial and ethnic minority communities. The options for escaping gender-based violence are considerably reduced when women do not have access to resources.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Other environmental factors include "poverty, armed conflicts, all forms of injustice, family breakdown, political, social and economic instability and all types of migration." Social and occupational stress and changes are also included as environmental factors in the societal model. These factors all create circumstances in which individual vulnerability to violence against women increases.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Gender
- Health
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- Building on the Vienna Declaration and its framework, both the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing (1995) and the Third World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance in Durban (2001) addressed the multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination that cause intra-gender and intra-racial inequalities respectively. The Fourth World Conference on Women recognized the particular vulnerability to violence of "women belonging to minority groups, indigenous women, refugee women, women migrants, including women migrant workers, women in poverty living in rural or remote communities, destitute women, women in institutions or in detention, female children, women with disabilities, elderly women, displaced women, repatriated women, women living in poverty and women in situations of armed conflict, foreign occupation, wars of aggression, civil wars, terrorism, including hostage-taking." The World Conference against Racism included gender and racial discrimination among its five areas of focus. The Durban Declaration expressed the view "that racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance reveal themselves in a differentiated manner for women and girls, and can be among the factors leading to a deterioration in their living conditions, poverty, violence, multiple forms of discrimination, and the limitation or denial of their human rights."
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- Millennium Development Goal 6 commits Governments to combating HIV/AIDS, but exposure to HIV is positively correlated with gender-based violence and poverty. For example in Sub-Saharan Africa, women in the 19-24 age group are twice as likely to be infected as men, owing to sexual violence and related inequality in decision-making and autonomy. Rates of girls being infected have also increased owing to sexual assaults related to myths about preventing the transmission of HIV or curing AIDS.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Health
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Social and economic exclusion works as a process as well as an outcome for violence against women, and can produce and contextualize "social relations and organizational barriers that block the attainment of livelihoods, human development and [equality]." For instance, trade, development and economic policies which target areas outside of where marginalized women reside lead to uneven development and economic opportunities. Such exclusion can create or sustain poverty and inequality, and can restrict participation, thereby increasing vulnerability to and risk of violence against women.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- Refugees and other non-citizens are often susceptible to violence against women. It is noted that organizational and societal factors, including unhealthy and unsafe housing, unemployment, poverty, restricted access to health care, higher education, participation in civil society and legal protection all contribute to the ill health and vulnerability of migrants and women migrants in particular. Women in these communities are not adequately protected, which can cause them to be more susceptible to violence and less likely to be able to participate adequately in society. Women who are not citizens often feel that they lack protection of the law.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- Women who live in poverty are also exposed to greater violence than other women, particularly when a woman is both a member of a minority group and is experiencing poverty. The Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, its causes and consequences has stated that research reveals that living in poverty can further increase the likelihood that women will experience violence, as poverty is both a cause and a consequence of violence against women. Also, poverty and race are interconnected - as the majority of the world's poor are women who come from racial and ethnic minority communities. The options for escaping gender-based violence are considerably reduced when women do not have access to resources (A/HRC/17/26, para. 75). In poor households, early marriage, a form of violence against women, is more common. Poor women may also agree to become a second or third informal wife in order to secure economic protection (A/HRC/17/26, para. 52).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Gender-related killings of women 2012, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Central America is a post-conflict region with fragile States and institutions, and it is also the poorest region in the Americas. The effect of certain economic policies encouraged and facilitated the introduction of maquilas. The low-paid jobs created by the maquila industry are mainly occupied by women, in particular poor and illiterate women from rural areas. Contracts are generally on a temporary basis, with long working hours and no benefits. Also, women walk through dark public spaces as they return home late in the day, with no protection against criminal activities in the public sphere.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- For example, the ability to obtain a high quality education is exponentially difficult for poor, rural and/or disabled people. Furthermore, the world's women and girls continue to receive inadequate education when compared to the men and boys from their communities. Due to inadequate education, employment and financial security are more difficult for women and girls to attain. According to UNESCO, "of the "796 million adults worldwide (15 years and older) who reported not being able to read and write in 2008… two-thirds of them (64%) were women." Being illiterate isolates women, exacerbates poverty, and creates a context ripe for violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Girls
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- Country visits indicate that certain groups of women are at particular risk of violence. In the United States, the Special Rapporteur noted that women of African-American descent experience intimate partner violence at rates 35 per cent higher than white women. Further demonstrating the nexus between poverty, exclusion and violence, the country visit revealed that prevalence of domestic violence and sexual assault against Native-American women exceeded that of any other population group in the country. The Special Rapporteur also found that poor women and those with little education, widows or separated women are particularly vulnerable as they lack family and community support. In Algeria and Kyrgyzstan, women between the ages of 25 and 44, and women with two or more children reportedly suffered high levels of domestic violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Reparations to women who have been subjected to violence 2010, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- Because reparations are often discussed in situations of scarce resources, placing the emphasis on rehabilitation services rather than compensation payments may seem a tempting alternative, as it combines development and reparations concerns. In the aftermath of violence, women often think of material assistance in terms of rehabilitation and reintegration, thus prioritizing their basic needs and those of their family members. The kinds of basic goods and services that women ask for are typically those that they are disparately deprived of ordinarily and that they need most in situations where their family responsibilities increase. This poses an interesting dilemma, as it creates a risk of blurring the conceptual distinction between reparations benefits and social rights, services and development measures to which the general population is entitled. At the same time, however, in many real-case scenarios, the dire poverty and destitution of victims implies that those basic services are what victims will inevitably prioritize, especially when they have no good reason - judging by their experience - to expect that they will be able to access them on any other grounds.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
12 shown of 12 entities