Search Tips
sorted by
30 shown of 41 entities
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- In 1989, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women explicitly linked gender-based violence and discrimination against women in its general recommendation No. 12 and called on States parties to include in their reports information on violence and on measures introduced to deal with it. Between 1989 and 1992, the Committee issued a series of general recommendations that addressed some rights violations experienced at the intersection of inter- and intra-gender sex discrimination and violence against women. In 1992 it issued general recommendation No. 19 both to define gender-based violence and to make it discrimination on the grounds of sex within the meaning of the Convention. Much of what is set forth in general recommendation No. 19 is reiterated and refined in the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women. CEDAW has also addressed the impact of intersecting forms of discrimination against women and its nexus with gender-based violence. Most recently, in general recommendation No. 27, which deals with the rights of older women, it recognizes that age and sex make older women vulnerable to violence, and that age, sex and disability make older women with disabilities particularly vulnerable.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Older persons
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- Civil society organizations called for more support for women’s organizations on the ground, underlining that women human rights defenders faced daily threats and harassment, and needed greater protection. At the same time, more regulations addressing violence against particular groups of women, such as women belonging to minority groups; migrants; lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons; elderly women; women with disabilities; and widows, were also supported.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- LGBTQI+
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 98k
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends the following measures:] United Nations agencies and programmes should be increasingly engaged in the issue of violence against women with disabilities, including in the production of specific reports on the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- Very few States have established dedicated institutional mechanisms, programmes or strategies such as national committees or councils on women and disabilities, although some have developed strategies based on the research conducted on violence against women with disabilities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- Ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and other international law instruments is widespread. However, it has been difficult to assess effective implementation of those instruments with regard to preventing and responding to violence against women with disabilities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities face specific discrimination and targeted violence primarily because of their disability status, owing to bias among individuals and communities. For example, in some cultural and religious traditions disability is viewed as a symbol of "evil" or "sin" committed by the person or family members, thus justifying violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- Violence against women may be permitted by law or carried out under the authority of the State. States may fail to fulfil their obligation to respond to and prevent violence against women with disabilities either through the adoption and implementation of laws and practices that directly violate rights, or by failing to adopt and implement laws and practices that uphold rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- In institutional settings, women with disabilities are subjected to numerous forms of violence, including the forced intake of psychotropic drugs or other forced psychiatric treatment. Furthermore, forced institutionalization itself constitutes a form of violence. People with mental health conditions and intellectual disabilities are sometimes subject to arbitrary detention in long-stay institutions with no right of appeal, thereby robbing them of their legal capacity.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- In domestic violence situations, women with disabilities may fear reporting or leaving an abuser because of emotional, financial or physical dependence; they may also fear losing custody of their children. Barriers to accessing justice further complicate their ability to seek redress and protection, thereby allowing for the continuation of the abuse.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- Within some countries, identifiable subgroups of women are marginalized on the basis of racial, ethnic, religious, cultural and social ideologies and prejudices which reflect disproportionate impact on or justifiable targeting of subgroups of women. For example, women from particular racial and ethnic groups, those with disabilities and poor women, have been the target of forced sterilization and other coercive birth control measures.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities are at high risk of violence based on social stereotypes and biases that attempt to dehumanize or infantilize, exclude or isolate them, and target them for sexual and other forms of violence. Violence also has the consequence of contributing to the incidence of disability among women.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- The present report aims to deepen the findings of the OHCHR study and further examine the manifestations, causes and consequences of violence against women with disabilities. In addition, the report briefly examines relevant international and regional legal frameworks and provides recommendations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women explained in the case of A.T. v. Hungary that a victim of domestic violence was unable to flee to a shelter, because none was equipped to accept her together with her children, in particular one of whom who was fully disabled. According to the Committee, the State should ensure that a safe home was given to the victim, in which she could live with her children, and that the victim should receive proportional reparation to the physical and mental harm endured.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- As regards the trafficking of women and girls with disabilities, two provisions of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities can be considered applicable, although they do not directly refer to the issue. Article 16 and article 27, on work and employment, can be interpreted to apply to situations of trafficking. Article 6 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women addresses the suppression of trafficking and exploitation of women in general.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- As regards violence against women with disabilities in the transnational sphere, women and girls with disabilities are at risk of being trafficked and forced into prostitution. The four major risk factors for susceptibility to trafficking are poverty, ignorance, minority status and being female. Women and girls with disabilities may fit into one or more of these high-risk categories. Further, because of the misguided belief that sex with a virgin will cure HIV/AIDS, and the stereotype that women with disabilities are virgins, they can be targeted for trafficking as sex workers.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- Fear of unjustified termination of parental rights may cause women with disabilities to remain in abusive relationships. The denial of legal capacity, which includes restrictions on the right of women with disabilities to testify in the courts, the failures of the justice system to respond to the abuse of women and girls with disabilities, and/or the inability to see them as credible witnesses, perpetuates and reinforces abuse. Thus, eliminating such discriminatory practices is essential to addressing violence against women with disabilities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- In 1993, the Vienna Conference on Human Rights adopted a declaration and a programme of action, which took into account both discrimination and violence against women. The Conference addressed specific human rights violations suffered by identifiable groups of individuals, including persons belonging to national, racial, ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities, indigenous peoples, women, children and persons with disabilities. It also recognized violence against women as a particular human rights violation which required the attention and resources of the United Nations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women: Twenty years of developments to combat violence against women 2014, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- The holistic approach to women's rights, by situating violence against women on a continuum from the home to the transnational sphere, has been further developed by the Special Rapporteur in her reports to the General Assembly, such as her 2011 report (A/66/215). In that report, she recommended that States engage in transformative remedies to confront the root causes of violence against women, in order to achieve individual, institutional and structural change. In her 2012 and 2013 reports to the General Assembly, the Special Rapporteur dealt with two issues that had not been specifically addressed in previous thematic reports, namely, violence against women with disabilities and violence with respect to the incarceration of women. Both reports provide a clear illustration of how violence against women intersects with other factors, including different forms of inequality and identity status, such as poverty, health, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion and language.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women: Twenty years of developments to combat violence against women 2014, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- The current Special Rapporteur assumed her functions in August 2009 and has continued to build on the work of her predecessors, especially with regard to the themes of intersectionality and State responsibility, while investigating less mainstream aspects of violence against women, such as, reparations for victims of violence; the continuum of violence from the home to the transnational sphere; gender-related killings of women; violence against women with disabilities; and the issue of violence and incarcerated women. In her reports, the Special Rapporteur generally further develops the principle of State responsibility to act with due diligence as a legal framework for the elimination of violence against women, and notes the gap between the normative acceptance of State responsibility for violence and the practical reality for women seeking redress.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities experience an intersecting confluence of violence which reflects both gender-based and disability-based violence (A/HRC/17/26, para. 28). Many studies note a substantially higher risk of violence among disabled women than among the non-disabled population. For example, disabled women are especially vulnerable to forced sterilization and other coercive birth control methods. In addition, the European Parliament recently published a report stating that almost 80 per cent of disabled women are victims of violence generally, and that disabled women are four times more likely than other women to experience sexual violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- Violence against women is too often discussed in a theoretical vacuum that focuses only on interpersonal and structural inequalities between men and women, thereby excluding analysis on intra-gender inequalities. It is important to recognize the obstacles faced by women who experience multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination, for example women with disabilities, women who belong to ethnic or cultural minorities, women who live in poverty, women who live in rural areas, women who lack citizenship status and older women, among others. This increases the risk that some women will experience targeted, compounded or structural discrimination, in addition to gender-based violence (A/HRC/17/26, para. 17).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Older persons
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Article 16 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, on freedom from exploitation, violence and abuse, specifically addresses the problem of gender-based offences. It provides for the protection of that freedom; educational support for persons with disabilities and their families; monitoring of facilities and programmes to serve persons with disabilities; prevention strategies; recovery programmes; and prosecution of crimes involving exploitation, violence and abuse against such persons. Additionally, it includes provisions regarding the establishment of gender and age-specific supports. Article 25 is also relevant to the issue of violence against women, in recognizing that persons with disabilities have the right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health, without discrimination on the basis of disability. This includes access to gender-sensitive health services and health-related rehabilitation, sexual and reproductive health and population-based public health programmes, all of which should be provided as close as possible to the individual's community.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities who have experienced violence are at increased risk of homelessness. When women with disabilities attempt to flee the abusive situation (or are forced to leave the home of the abuser, which is another form of abuse), they often lose their homes. Since shelters are often inaccessible, they may have no alternative other than the streets or their abusive environment. Furthermore, the social isolation imposed by the abuser during the abuse results in the woman with disabilities severing relationships with family, friends and other support systems that could help in such situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities may be more likely to have low self-esteem, a risk factor for domestic and other forms of violence. Popular media images throughout the world contribute to the presumption that the bodies of women with disabilities are unattractive, asexual and outside the societal ascribed norms of "beauty". It also describes the "normal" female body as the presence of high cheekbones, even skin tones, long legs, and the absence of fat, wrinkles, physical disabilities and deformities. This contributes to the undervaluing of women with disabilities, as well as self-devaluation by women of their own bodies, whether they have disabilities or not. Many images only depict people with disabilities as deserving of pity, thus further stigmatizing them.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities may lack access to education, financial independence and information on how to report incidents of violence and on how to recognize and address violence, including sexual violence (see A/61/122/Add.1 and Corr.1). Also, police and law enforcement agencies may not take appropriate action to prevent or respond to such violence. Women with disabilities may be reluctant to report violence, so as to avoid discrimination, retribution, institutionalization or the loss of economic and other supports. Perpetrators may believe that such assaults will not be discovered or that the testimonies of the women with disabilities will not be credible in law enforcement and court systems.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- Persons with physical disabilities may be more dependent on attendant care and more dependent on the abuser, physically, emotionally or financially, for care than other groups (see A/61/122/Add.1 and Corr.1). In addition, persons with disabilities are traditionally and incorrectly seen by society to be asexual. This can lead to greater levels of sexual violence as they are less likely to be believed when they report such violations. Some women with disabilities may be unable to defend themselves, lack access to self-defence training or be unable to physically flee the site of violence. They may therefore become particularly "easy" targets for perpetrators of violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- The causes of violence against women with disabilities originate in social norms about the nature and type of disability and gender roles. Women with disabilities face many barriers to escaping, resisting, preventing or obtaining redress for violence. Such barriers include, but are not limited to, emotional and financial dependency on the abuser; unwillingness to be stigmatized; fears regarding child custody or single-parenthood; inaccessibility or unavailability of violence prevention programmes and facilities; fear or loss of assistive devices and other supports; concerns about being believed when disclosing the abuse; and reluctance to take any action that may escalate the violence. Also when they seek assistance from police or other members of the community, their complaints may not be taken seriously or may be disbelieved, due to stigma and stereotyping.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- In some contexts, because of stereotypical views of the value of disabled female children and the lack of support available to parents with children with disabilities, parents may see trafficking of their disabled daughter as their only economic option. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) reports indicate that in certain countries in the Asia-Pacific region proprietors of brothels have specifically sought out deaf girl children and adolescents, with the idea that such young people will be less able to communicate their distress or find their way back to their homes. One report notes that the proportion of child prostitutes who had mild developmental disabilities was six times greater than what might be expected from the incidence in the general population.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- The discrimination and violence faced by women with disabilities in society tends to be exacerbated by prison environments. In the Handbook on Prisoners with Special Needs, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) recognized that women prisoners with disabilities were at a particularly high risk of manipulation, violence, sexual abuse and rape and that prisoners with physical disabilities might be actively targeted or suffer the effects of having their special needs, including safety needs, neglected. Furthermore, according to the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 of the United States of America most prison staff is not adequately trained to prevent or respond to inmate sexual assaults, and prison rape often goes unreported and untreated.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- Law enforcement and legal agencies may dismiss complaints since they see women with disabilities who require assistive communication or accommodations, as well as women with psychosocial and intellectual disabilities, as lacking credibility. There may also be a tendency for judges to require more corroborating evidence of an assault in cases involving women with disabilities than in other cases, and evidence about prior mental health treatment may be used to discredit the testimony of such witnesses. Women with cognitive disabilities may have more difficulty with remembering the sequence of events, which may make them appear less credible on the stand. The failure to afford the testimony of women with disabilities due respect is problematic in gender-based violence and sexual assault cases, where the testimony of the parties and the credibility of the witnesses are exceptionally important. Women with disabilities face violence at least one and one-half times more often than other women. Thus, excluding them from the witness stand denies the reality that they face violence to a disproportionate degree.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph