Search Tips
sorted by
30 shown of 102 entities
Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) 2012, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- Owing to stagnating and even diminishing education budgets, it is necessary to look for alternative financing strategies and adopt innovative approaches for securing enhanced budgetary provisions for technical and vocational education and training. While recognizing that States bear the primary obligation to provide such education and training, it is also important to boost the increasing use of a diverse range of funding mechanisms and diversify financing sources for technical and vocational education and training. For example, a system of resource contribution by industry and private sector (e.g., a 2 or 3 per cent levy) for a technical and vocational education and training fund could be envisaged in order to leverage existing resources for national technical and vocational education and training programmes, in particular for technical equipment and facilities. States may wish to consider sharing, to the maximum extent possible, funding for technical and vocational education and training with industry and the private sector, with Government providing appropriate incentives to this end. "Government and the private sector should recognize that technical and vocational education is an investment, not a cost, with significant returns."
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2012
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Privatization and the right to education 2014, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- States have the obligation, under human rights law, to establish conditions and standards for private education providers and to maintain a transparent and effective system to monitor those standards, with sanctions in case of abusive practices.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2014
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Issues and challenges to the right to education in the digital age 2016, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- Digital technologies necessarily involve private partners and agencies that collaborate with universities, both public and private, on the procurement and operationalization of not only hardware but also software. The use of digital technologies in education has led to more consumer-oriented attitudes in universities and is resulting in the commodification of knowledge and the valuing of information in economic terms rather than for its social and cultural significance. Sponsored by a range of entities, including individual proprietors and profit-seeking businesses, private institutions of higher education now constitute the fastest-growing segment of higher education. Corporate funding of higher education raises questions of academic independence, as well as ethical questions. Universities are moving away from their social function. The commercialization of education could divert attention away from the classical type of higher education by accumulating advantages in the most advanced countries and institutions, by discriminating against the most deprived and by contributing to brain drain in many poor countries. There is evidence of an emerging global marketplace and a growing spirit of competition in higher education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2016
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Public-private partnerships in education 2015, para. 111
- Paragraph text
- States have the obligation under human rights law to establish conditions and standards for private education providers and maintain a transparent and effective system to monitor those standards with sanctions in case of abusive practices. That responsibility cannot be fulfilled through voluntary compliance systems or inadequate State monitoring and oversight.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Privatization and the right to education 2014, para. 117
- Paragraph text
- Education benefits both the individual and society and must be preserved as public good so that the social interest is protected against the commercial interests in privatized education. Public authorities should not allow private providers to vitiate the humanistic objectives of education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Privatization and the right to education 2014, para. 118
- Paragraph text
- At the 2015 Global Education for All Meeting, it would be propitious to build upon the final statement of the 2014 Meeting, which recognized that "the State is the custodian of quality education as a public good" and to develop that concept in its various dimensions, including the social responsibility of private providers of education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Public-private partnerships in education 2015, para. 103
- Paragraph text
- In its resolution 68/234, the General Assembly also recognized the vital role played by Governments in promoting responsible business practices, including providing and ensuring enforcement of the necessary legal and regulatory frameworks in accordance with national legislation and development priorities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Public-private partnerships in education 2015, para. 109
- Paragraph text
- Regulations on accountability should prescribe disaggregated reporting on obligations, including financial reporting and performance measures. Those requirements should include human rights-based indicators and be sufficiently detailed to ensure that the right to education is being met.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Privatization and the right to education 2014, para. 123
- Paragraph text
- Governments should also establish a mechanism to register and process any complaints received with respect to abusive practices by private providers of education and investigate all violations of the right to education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2014
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- The right to education as provided for in article 13(2)(a), 13(3) and 13(4) of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, along with a number of other provisions, would seem to be capable of immediate application by judicial and other organs in many national legal systems. Any suggestion that the provisions indicated are inherently non-self-executing would seem to be difficult to sustain.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- As a result of a series of decisions by the Supreme Court of Indonesia, the Government had to progressively increase the national budget for education in line with the constitutional provisions and the Law on National Education System (2003), which stipulates that the State shall provide 20 per cent of national and regional budgets for education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Privatization and the right to education 2014, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- States have a responsibility under international human rights law to provide resources for the right to education. Governments must devote maximum public funds to education as a high development priority, as a matter of norm (see A/66/269). They must also mobilize maximum domestic resources for education on an enduring basis.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2014
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 82l
- Paragraph text
- [Bearing in mind the key importance of the justiciability of the right to education and its enforcement, and with a view to fostering protective as well as promotional role of adjudication mechanisms, the Special Rapporteur would like to offer the following recommendations:] Parliamentarians have an important role to play in fostering democratic perception of the justiciability of the right to education. Their primary role is to promote legislation which implements the right to education into the domestic legal framework. However, they may also encourage governments to refer alleged legislative deficiencies to courts for advice, they can support and promote national human rights institutions and civil society actors, and they can promote public legal aid for rights-based claims. Perhaps most importantly, they can lend their democratic legitimacy to legal and quasi-legal decisions on the right by promoting government action on recommendations and legal findings. In many cases, a legal decision places a requirement on governments to enact policy and legal changes to protect the rights of citizens. Support of the legislative branch provides democratic strength for these decisions, and publicizes the importance of the right to education among the population.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- As a precondition, it must be noted that an independent judicial system is an “essential prerequisite” for justiciability. It is of paramount importance that the judiciary upholds “the rule of law” and ensuring that there is no discrimination in the administration of justice.”
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- Domestic law should set out “entitlements” in sufficient detail to enable remedies for non-compliance to be effective. National laws on the right to education should create a “right of action” for individuals or groups who consider that their right to education is not being fully realized, and provide for “judicial remedies”.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- “For rights to have meaning, effective remedies must be available to redress violations.” These should include “access to independent complaints procedures and to the courts with necessary legal and other assistance.” Where rights are found to have been breached, there should be appropriate reparation, including compensation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 97
- Paragraph text
- Even though there may be a consensus on the need to ensure State investment in the education sector, a legal framework is crucial for sustained political and financial support; efforts to promote the expansion of education opportunities may fail if they are not well anchored by a legal framework that not only ensures the right to education on a basis of equal opportunities, but also guarantees continued State investment in this strategic sector.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- Accordingly, Governments should work towards making their commitments justiciable in their national legal systems, recognizing that they are all founded in international law. As the Special Rapporteur stated in his report to the Human Rights Council, courts, national human rights institutions and administrative or quasi-judicial mechanisms are important mechanisms for citizens to engage Governments, in order to ensure their rights are respected.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- Access to justice is of foremost importance for getting the rights enforced. This is acknowledged in the Declaration of the High-level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Rule of Law at the National and International Levels. The right to education is a justiciable right, and that should be recognized in the future agenda.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Financing education and update on education in emergencies 2011, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- In Argentina, the National Education Law No. 26.206 of 2007 provides that the resources for education shall be increased to 6 per cent of GDP in 2010. The Law lays down a right to compulsory schooling from the age of 5 until the completion of secondary education (art. 16).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2011
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Financing education and update on education in emergencies 2011, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- While allocating the maximum amount of domestic resources to education is crucial, it is of equally critical importance to ensure their effective and optimal utilization. Beyond securing funds for education, legal instruments protecting the right to education can further guide State action for the utilization of resources assigned to education in accordance with human rights obligations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2011
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Equality of opportunity in education 2011, para. (c)
- Paragraph text
- Justiciability of the right to education: The protection of the right to education requires judicial and quasi-judicial mechanisms that ensure rights holders’ capacity to claim their rights at national, regional and global levels. The Special Rapporteur intends to examine the jurisprudence and enforcement mechanisms for protecting the right to education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2011
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) 2012, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- Such a legal framework could consider promoting public-private partnership, with policies and incentives encouraging the private sector to collaborate with public authorities. Moreover, institutionalized collaboration between technical and vocational education and training schools and industry and enterprises should be established.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Equality of opportunity in education 2011, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- The right to education is set out in article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and is comprehensively elaborated in article 13 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and in articles 28 and 29 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. As highlighted below, a number of other human rights treaties also expand on the right to education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2011
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Financing education and update on education in emergencies 2011, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Other constitutions establish a minimal share for education in the overall national budget. The Constitution of Indonesia, as revised in 2002, establishes in article 31 (4) that the State shall prioritize the budget for education to a minimum of 20 per cent of the State budget and of the regional budgets to fulfil the needs of implementation of national education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2011
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Protecting education against commercialization 2015, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Promoting for-profit education, the International Finance Corporation considers laws as financial hurdles and provides guidance to private providers of education to be "very profitable and flourishing enterprises". This is blatantly disrespectful of the human rights obligations of international bodies, including the World Bank, as described in general comment No. 13 (1999) on the right to education of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2015
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Public-private partnerships in education 2015, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- In its resolution 1.1 on privatization and commercialization in and of education, the seventh World Congress of Education International, held in Ottawa in July 2015, deplored the fact that, in many countries, Governments had abrogated their core responsibility to ensure the right to education for all through a fully accountable free, quality public education system and were increasingly turning to partnering with, or subsidizing, private actors to deliver education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Protecting education against commercialization 2015, para. 112
- Paragraph text
- Education benefits both the individual and the society and must be preserved as a public good; social interest in education must be protected against its commercialization. The corrosive impact of privatization on the right to education must receive foremost consideration in education laws and public policies. The commercialization of education should have no place in a country's education system.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2015
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) 2012, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- States should adopt comprehensive legal frameworks in line with international norms and standards. Such frameworks should establish the roles and responsibility of various State and non-State actors involved in the provision of technical and vocational education and training, with consultation mechanisms for meaningful participation of all social partners and multiple stakeholders, including community and local bodies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2012
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 118
- Paragraph text
- Exploding demands for education have led to an exponential growth of private providers of education. A comprehensive and sound regulatory framework for controlling private educational institutions and ensuring their conformity with norms and standards is required. While preserving public interest in education, a system of effective sanctions in the case of abusive practices by private providers of education must exist.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
- Date modified
- Feb 14, 2020
Paragraph