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Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- As mentioned above, unethical recruitment practices and how they represent a risk of forced labour and trafficking in persons are not widely acknowledged within the private sector or among the stakeholders that participate in the standard-setting process. While some initiatives, such as the Ethical Trading Initiative or Social Accountability International, were created to uphold a strong labour rights component, others, such as the Marine Stewardship Council, were established primarily with an environmental focus. As a result, the level of sophistication in developing indicators that can effectively account for companies’ risk practices in this area varies from one initiative to another. The differences among initiatives regarding their original motivation may not only have an impact in the standard-setting and revision process but may also affect a multi-stakeholder initiative’s success in establishing an assurance programme that effectively monitors businesses compliance with a trafficking standard.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Commissions of inquiry 2012, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- In the international human rights context, commissions of inquiry are independent investigative commissions created in response to human rights violations including, but not limited to, torture, genocide, extrajudicial killings, disappearances and incidents involving multiple or high-profile killings (A/HRC/8/3, para. 12). Most commissions of inquiry are established at the initiative of national Government authorities. International experts may be part of their composition. In the present report, commissions of inquiry are defined as national commissions of inquiry and truth commissions, as well as investigations undertaken by national human rights institutions. The quest for accountability and victims' rights are common denominators for commissions of inquiry and truth commissions. While a commission of inquiry is likely to be established at the height of violence, a truth commission may only be established once a conflict is over. Both national and international commissions of inquiry often result from concerted demands by civil society or the international community. International commissions of inquiry tend, however, to have comparatively briefer temporal mandates which seek to identify patterns of violations during a protracted period of armed conflict.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Impunity as a root cause of the prevalence of torture 2010, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- In Georgia, the Special Rapporteur received allegations that victims were encouraged by the prosecution to agree to plea-bargaining agreements without acknowledging their ill-treatment by the police.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- Under the Modern Slavery Act, companies with a total turnover of over £36 million conducting business, or part of a business, in any part of the United Kingdom are required to publish an annual slavery and human trafficking statement to disclose the steps the organization has taken during the financial year to ensure that slavery and human trafficking is not taking place in any of its supply chains and in any part of its own business. Companies may also provide a statement that the organization has taken no such steps. The statement may include information on the company’s structure and its supply chains, its policies and due diligence processes to combat human trafficking and slavery, specific parts of its business and supply chains that may be exposed to higher risks and steps taken to mitigate such risks, the effectiveness of such efforts, and training made available for its staff. In addition, the statement must be signed by the highest level of management. The duties imposed under the Modern Slavery Act can be enforced in civil proceedings undertaken by the authorities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 61c
- Paragraph text
- [While stronger efforts remain critically needed, the following lessons, also highlighted by the above-mentioned regional reviews, can help guide the work ahead:] The allocation of resources for violence-related action is indispensable, including at the decentralized level;
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- At the same time, there are promising developments. The release of the Study paved the way to the development of significant national surveys addressing the magnitude and consequences of violence, and attitudes and behaviour in relation to that phenomenon.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2011, para. 55d
- Paragraph text
- [The Oslo consultation recognized the importance of preventing and responding to violence in schools through a multidimensional strategy. In particular, it recommended that the following five priority dimensions be taken into account:] Consolidating data and research in this field;
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2011, para. 55c
- Paragraph text
- [The Oslo consultation recognized the importance of preventing and responding to violence in schools through a multidimensional strategy. In particular, it recommended that the following five priority dimensions be taken into account:] Supporting teachers and staff with the necessary skills and resources;
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The Special Representative was associated with the dissemination of this research, which addresses a priority dimension of her mandate and provides a sound basis to raise awareness of this phenomenon, to promote positive non-violent alternatives and to inform policies and actions for violence prevention and responses.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- Respondents to the questionnaire noted that the mandate had also directly contributed to confirming and disseminating the obligations of States with respect to their response to trafficking. The mandate has also been very clear that the obligations of States extend beyond those that relate immediately to victims. For example, in relation to the responses of the criminal justice system, the Special Rapporteur has confirmed the obligation on all States to investigate and prosecute trafficking, as well as the obligation to protect the rights of suspects and the right to a fair trial. In their country mission reports, the mandate holders have also highlighted the link between corruption and trafficking, noting that States are required to act in preventing such corruption and dealing with it once it is uncovered. More broadly, and in particular during the tenure of the current mandate holder, the mandate has examined the implications of the legal obligation on States to take steps to prevent trafficking, detailing actions that should be taken within the framework of a human rights approach (A/HRC/10/16, paras. 45-47).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- Supply chains and public-private partnerships. The mandate has maintained a strong focus on non-State actors and the role they can or should play in preventing and responding to trafficking. Information about trafficked labour in the supply chains of major industries, including agriculture, information and communications technology, fishing, garment-making and textiles, has alerted the mandate to the importance of engaging directly with business corporations. Over the past years, the Special Rapporteur has taken up this difficult issue, undertaking research and holding wide-ranging consultations on trafficking in global supply chains. In a dedicated report she outlined a series of clear and practical recommendations for businesses and States to help them eliminate trafficking in the supply chain (A/67/261). This provided the basis for further consultations with business experts that resulted in a draft set of benchmarks and indicators for ensuring that supply chains are free of trafficking. That draft was presented to the Human Rights Council at its twenty-third session (A/HRC/23/48/Add.4, appendix I) and the second United Nations Forum on Business and Human Rights in 2013.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- Recommendations and checklists. The Special Rapporteur has actively sought to promote normative clarity around trafficking and help flesh out the substantive content of key rules and obligations where that is required. This work has been firmly based on existing international standards, as recognized in the major human rights treaties and the specialist trafficking instruments. A major output of this method of work is a set of draft basic principles on the right to an effective remedy (A/HRC/17/35, annex I), developed after extensive consultation with stakeholders in all regions, which seek to bring clarity to the concept of the right to an effective remedy and set out the factors to be taken into account when this right is applied to trafficked persons. The Special Rapporteur has also created a draft checklist of indicators and benchmarks which businesses can use to assess the risks of human trafficking in their supply chains (2012). The checklist was developed and revised through consultations and is intended to build on and complement existing initiatives, including the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Integration of a human rights-based approach in measures to discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation of persons, especially women and children, and which leads to human trafficking 2013, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- In the Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human Trafficking, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights recommended a set of principles and guidelines to put the human rights of trafficked persons at the centre of all efforts to prevent and combat trafficking and protect, assist and provide redress to victims. The document provides specific recommendations on addressing demand as part of prevention strategies. It highlights the importance of addressing demand as a root cause of trafficking and raising the effectiveness of law enforcement to discourage demand, and recommends analysing the factors that generate demand for exploitative commercial sexual services and exploitative labour and taking strong legislative, policy and other measures to address these issues. Principle 2 provides that States have a responsibility under international law to act with due diligence to prevent trafficking, to investigate and prosecute traffickers and to assist and protect trafficked persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The issue of human trafficking in supply chains 2012, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- In addition to anti-trafficking laws and other related laws that are aimed at punishing perpetrators of human trafficking in general, some States have adopted creative laws and mechanisms directed at businesses to better monitor their conduct. In Brazil, the Ministry of Labour and Employment maintains a public record of individuals and corporations identified by labour inspectors to be using or to have used slave labour. Once placed on what is known as the "dirty list", the individuals and corporations face financial sanctions, including fines and denial of national subsidies, tax exemptions and loans from State banks. They also automatically have their business dealings suspended by other companies that have voluntarily signed the National Pact for the Eradication of Slave Labour. The Ministry of National Integration has formally recommended that private-sector lenders deny financing to those on the list. The list currently contains the names of almost 300 employers. It is updated biannually and those listed may be removed only if they have not repeated the offence and have paid all fines and labour and social compensation. The list is a good example of how States may name and shame the companies implicated in human trafficking and slavery, and sanction their behaviour.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The World Bank and human rights 2015, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- The systematic avoidance of human rights language, frameworks and institutions in the context of Bank projects on gender-based violence is replicated in most other areas of its activities, although there have been some exceptions over past decades in areas such as HIV/AIDS and some gender-related projects.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention 2014, para. 2 (b)
- Paragraph text
- [The measures to be taken for the prevention of forced or compulsory labour shall include:] (b) educating and informing employers, in order to prevent their becoming involved in forced or compulsory labour practices;
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- Civil society organizations also expressed concern at the weaknesses of the current legal framework, the “added value” of a new treaty, practical issues that should be emphasized in a new treaty, sensitive issues relating to its negotiation and, finally, practical options for improving the implementation of the prohibition of gender-based violence which would not necessarily involve negotiating a new treaty.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- In May 2016, the Special Representative co-hosted the sixth annual cross-regional round table with the Council of the Baltic Sea States in Stockholm. The meeting addressed the role of regional organizations and institutions in supporting implementation of the 2030 Agenda and in mobilizing efforts to reach targets related to combating violence, including target 16.2.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 108
- Paragraph text
- Whenever possible, legislation should be "technology neutral", so that its applicability is not eroded by future technological developments. At the same time, it is crucial that legislation address loopholes associated with emerging concerns, including new forms of online abuse such as grooming, and develop criminal proceedings to facilitate their investigation and prosecution.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- Eight expert consultations have been held so far. Gathering leading experts from within and beyond the United Nations system, and building upon sound research and strategic experiences in different regions, they have helped to enhance understanding of the root causes of and risk factors for violence, identify good practices, and enable the presentation of policy recommendations to assist Governments in their national implementation efforts.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- Noticeable progress has been made in this regard, with the development of regional agendas on follow-up to the Study, the institutionalization of regional governance structures, and the adoption of significant political commitments towards violence prevention and elimination. A compilation of these declarations and strategies is included in the annex to this report.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- The Fourth Milestones meeting was devoted to "Boosting global violence prevention" and drew high-level participation and expertise from across regions. Those attending the meeting benefited from hearing about new evidence on effective interventions to prevent interpersonal violence and reflected on lessons from a wide range of country-level initiatives, which provided inspiring examples of data-driven and evidence-based violence prevention in action.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- Violence prevention and the promotion of sound evidence, two priority areas addressed by the study's recommendations, are high on the WHO agenda. These dimensions gained centre stage at the Fourth Milestones of a Global Campaign for Violence Prevention meeting, organized in September 2009 in Geneva, in which the Special Representative participated.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Human trafficking is a serious crime under international law, but in the present circumstances it is also a low risk, high profit organized crime. As such, States noted that monitoring the illicit financial flows it generates for criminal networks and terrorist groups engaged in cross-border transactions could be a means to address impunity, although most transactions appear to rely on non-formal financial systems.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will also reach out to the private sector, engaging with businesses and employers in particular, to look out for possibilities for public-private partnerships that will address the demand for cheap labour in the private sector, unethical recruitment practices and other practices relating to the elimination of trafficking in supply chains.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- In carrying out her mandate, the Special Rapporteur will consult civil society and non-governmental organizations working to combat trafficking, as well as persons and institutions with particular expertise (such as academia and certain professional categories). The Special Rapporteur will continue to consult and partner with a wide range of national and local organizations, especially during her country visits.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- In the Greater Mekong subregion, the Coordinated Mekong Ministerial Initiative against Human Trafficking, comprising six States (Cambodia, China, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam), has been addressing trafficking issues since 2004 through subregional plans of action, task forces at various levels and other mechanisms.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Within the framework of the League of Arab States, the Arab Initiative to Build National Capacities to Combat Human Trafficking in the Arab Countries was launched in March 2010 by the Council of Arab Ministers of Justice. The Initiative is aimed at combating trafficking in persons through developing the criminal justice system in Arab States, for example by the capacity-building of law-enforcement bodies, prosecutors, members of the judiciary and the media.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Due diligence and trafficking in persons 2015, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Due diligence in human rights has tended to be quite State-centric. However, increasingly in human rights, due diligence also shapes or influences the activities of inter-State and non-State entities. The transnational nature of human trafficking means that in practice States often cannot meet their due diligence obligations to prevent, investigate and punish trafficking, and assist victims, without cooperating with other countries, whether through existing mechanisms (e.g., mutual legal assistance or extradition agreements or cooperative arrangements mandated by the United Nations Trafficking Protocol and the Convention against Transnational Organized Crime) or through new forms of cooperation that are developed to address the demands of due diligence in a specific trafficking situation. The territorial and extraterritorial application of human rights - including the due diligence principle - means that in some cases States may have concurrent, and potentially overlapping obligations of due diligence for trafficking in persons. In such cases, States should utilize all means available to coordinate and cooperate in anti-trafficking efforts in ways that are also consistent with their other obligations of international cooperation (e.g., under the United Nations Trafficking Protocol and the Convention against Transnational Organized Crime).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- At the national level. The mandate has repeatedly called on States to strengthen their implementation machinery and has sought to provide practical guidance to States on implementing a rights-based approach. Respondents to the questionnaire identified this as a key contribution of the mandate. The Special Rapporteur has consistently advocated for the establishment of national rapporteurs or equivalent mechanisms in countries that do not yet have such a position. Where they do exist (principally, at present, in Europe), independent, appropriately tasked national rapporteurs have generally played an important role in monitoring the national situation; facilitating collaboration between different agencies and between the Government and civil society; and overseeing the collection and analysis of data on the national response and on trafficking trends. Their central role was confirmed at a consultative meeting in 2013 convened by the Special Rapporteur, which brought together, for the first time, national rapporteurs, from 19 countries. A follow-up meeting is scheduled for mid-2014. Of course, the national rapporteur mechanism is just one way for States to approach the challenge of compliance. The Special Rapporteur has encouraged States to consider additional paths to this end, including the development of national plans of action against trafficking and the establishment of broad-based consultation groups to advise and support implementation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph