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Minimum Age Convention 1973, para. 2. (1)
- Paragraph text
- Each Member which ratifies this Convention shall specify, in a declaration appended to its ratification, a minimum age for admission to employment or work within its territory and on means of transport registered in its territory; subject to Articles 4 to 8 of this Convention, no one under that age shall be admitted to employment or work in any occupation.
- Legal status
- Legally binding
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1973
Paragraph
Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention 2014, para. 1. (3)
- Paragraph text
- 3. The definition of forced or compulsory labour contained in the Convention is reaffirmed, and therefore the measures referred to in this Protocol shall include specific action against trafficking in persons for the purposes of forced or compulsory labour.
- Legal status
- Legally binding
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention 2014, para. 2 (a)
- Paragraph text
- [The measures to be taken for the prevention of forced or compulsory labour shall include:] (a) educating and informing people, especially those considered to be particularly vulnerable, in order to prevent their becoming victims of forced or compulsory labour;
- Legal status
- Legally binding
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action of the of the International Conference on Population and Development 1999, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- 38. The United Nations system and donors should be specifically urged to strengthen the capacity of developing countries, particularly the least developed countries, and those with economies in transition, to undertake censuses and surveys on a regular basis so as to improve vital registration systems, and to develop innovative and cost-effective solutions for meeting data requirements, especially for regular monitoring of the implementation of the goals of the International Conference on Population and Development, including improved estimates of maternal mortality.
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 14.14
- Paragraph text
- The United Nations Population Fund, other United Nations organizations, multilateral financial institutions, regional banks and bilateral financial sources are invited to consult, with a view to coordinating their financing policies and planning procedures to improve the impact, complementarity and cost-effectiveness of their contributions to the achievement of the population programmes of the developing countries and countries with economies in transition.
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1994
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 18. (2)
- Paragraph text
- In fixing the maxima referred to under (c), (d) and (e) in the foregoing paragraph, the competent authority shall have regard to all relevant factors, including the physical development of the population from which the workers are recruited, the nature of the country through which they must travel and the climatic conditions.
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.44
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Ensure the safety, protection and security of victims of trafficking and sexual exploitation and provide assistance and services to facilitate their recovery and social reintegration.
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 16. (3)
- Paragraph text
- When such transfer cannot be avoided, measures of gradual habituation to the new conditions of diet and of climate shall be adopted on competent medical advice.
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 16.28
- Paragraph text
- The Secretary-General of the United Nations is invited to consult with the various bodies of the United Nations system, as well as with international financial institutions and various bilateral aid organizations and agencies, with a view to promoting an exchange of information among them on the requirements for international assistance and to reviewing, on a regular basis, the specific needs of countries in the field of population and development, including emergency and temporary needs, and maximizing the availability of resources and their most effective utilization.
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 1994
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 17. (3)
- Paragraph text
- [Before permitting recourse to forced or compulsory labour for works of construction or maintenance which entail the workers remaining at the workplaces for considerable periods, the competent authority shall satisfy itself] (3) that the journeys of the workers to and from the workplaces are made at the expense and under the responsibility of the administration, which shall facilitate such journeys by making the fullest use of all available means of transport;
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 16.16
- Paragraph text
- Regional commissions, organizations of the United Nations system functioning at the regional level, and other relevant subregional and regional organizations should play an active role within their mandates regarding the implementation of the present Programme of Action through subregional and regional initiatives on population and development. Such action should be coordinated among the organizations concerned at the subregional and regional levels, with a view to ensuring efficient and effective action in addressing specific population and development issues relevant to the regions concerned, as appropriate.
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1994
Paragraph
General Conclusion On International Protection 1987, para. (l)
- Paragraph text
- Reaffirmed the importance of voluntary repatriation as the most desirable durable solution, particularly in the context of many of today's mass-influx situations, emphasized the need for States to respect the fundamental principles that must always guide action in this area and called upon the High Commissioner and States to continue their efforts in achieving this solution whenever appropriate;
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Document type
- ExCom Conclusion
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1987
Paragraph
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 2015, para. 27k
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve this, it is important:] To formulate public policies, where applicable, aimed at addressing the issues of prevention or relocation, where possible, of human settlements in disaster risk-prone zones, subject to national law and legal systems.
- Legal status
- Negotiated soft law
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Mapping and framing security of tenure 2013, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Another issue is the lack of coherence and harmonization among the multiplicity of laws and regulations bearing upon urban security of tenure, leading to legal uncertainty, lack of implementation of key provisions, even unwanted impacts such as evictions. Rights of adverse possession provided for by law might also be limited or denied by subsequent regulations, or in implementation. In addition, even when planning laws provide for the regularization of informal settlements, questions of sustainability relating to the increase of land prices and full availability of services remain.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- Private and independent adoptions are initiated and processed without the oversight of competent authorities, and therefore often involve illicit practices. They are incompatible with the 1993 Hague Convention. Many such adoptions, however, occur in countries of origin that are not parties to the Convention, where procedures and systems may fall below international standards. Some receiving States also permit private and independent adoptions when they are carried out from countries of origin that are not parties to the Convention. This may spur those determined to adopt at any cost to turn to non-States parties to the Convention.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
The right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons 2011, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- The draft basic principles are based on existing international human rights law and standards and do not represent new norms of human rights. They are designed to bring clarity to the concept of the right to an effective remedy and to elaborate specific factors to be taken into account when this right is applied to trafficked persons. For example, the draft basic principles explicitly spell out that States have obligations to ensure that adequate procedures are in place to enable quick and accurate identification and that trafficked persons are not subjected to discriminatory treatment in law or in practice, as these are preconditions in exercising the right to an effective remedy in the context of trafficked persons. Further, reflecting the complex nature of the crime of trafficking, the draft basic principles specify that restitution may require States to provide trafficked persons with temporary or permanent residence status where a safe return to the country of origin cannot be guaranteed or is otherwise not in the best interest of the trafficked person. With respect to recovery, the draft basic principles provide that States shall ensure that trafficked persons' access to assistance and other benefits are not dependent on their cooperation in legal proceedings, as this is a common obstacle for trafficked persons in accessing such assistance and other benefits. Lastly, the draft basic principles provide that States have a duty to ensure that trafficked persons are allowed to lawfully remain in the country in which the remedy is being sought for the duration of any proceedings, having regard to the fact that trafficked persons are often treated as irregular migrants subject to detention and deportation.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- Public awareness. Awareness-raising campaigns can be an important method of prevention on two levels: first, by working with at-risk communities to warn them of the dangers of trafficking and second, by sensitizing the public in countries of destination to the plight of trafficked persons and informing them about their in role in prevention. However, the Special Rapporteur has noted that public awareness campaigns are sometimes crude in conception and execution, employing sensationalist scare tactics or designed simply to stop people from moving. There has also been very little critical examination of the effect of such campaigns, including the unintended negative effects that have been anecdotally noted by the Special Rapporteur in the course of her work, pointing to a need for all countries to monitor and regularly evaluate the impact of their prevention efforts.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will continue to build on the work of the mandate in that field and capitalize on the momentum created by new legislation and initiatives from businesses and civil society to free the supply chains from trafficking, forced labour and slavery. On the basis of her global mandate, international standing and expertise on issues relating to trafficking in persons, the Special Rapporteur intends to continue engaging with businesses in order to encourage the establishment and effective implementation of self-regulatory action (codes of conduct and other similar mechanisms) by the private sector, with the aim of increasing awareness of the risks that trafficking entails, and encouraging them to take action to eradicate trafficking from their supply chains. That would entail the mandate holder bringing together businesses in a number of selected sectors to exchange experiences and practices among themselves, review their assessment protocols through the lens of trafficking prevention, pilot the use of the benchmarks and indicators and encourage multi-stakeholder initiatives, where they exist, to operationalize the responsibility of businesses to respect human rights.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Manifestations and causes of domestic servitude 2010, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- The mechanization of agriculture, rural-urban migration and the development of labour-intensive export industries, coupled with the erosion of workers' rights outside the traditional bonded labour context, have led to the emergence of patterns of "neo-bondage", whereby destitute people commit themselves to working off loans or wage advances obtained from their employer and cannot default on this debt, not least due to a fear of extrajudicial enforcement. In this context, researchers note an increasing feminization of bonded labour and some of the victims end up in bonded domestic servitude.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Prohibition of torture and other ill-treatment from an extraterritorial perspective 2015, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- Extraterritorial State acts (or omissions) - whether lawful or unlawful - often have a significant impact on the fundamental rights of individuals outside their borders, thereby implicating States' responsibilities under international human rights law. State actions that produce significant extraterritorial effects merit analysis through the prism of international human rights law. Such actions can include cross-border military operations or use of force (A/68/382 and Corr.1); the occupation of foreign territories; anti-migration and anti-piracy operations; peacekeeping, policing or covert operations in foreign territories; the practice of detaining persons abroad; extraditions, rendition to justice and extraordinary rendition; and the exercise of de facto control or influence over non-State actors operating in foreign territories. All these scenarios can involve the commission or risk of torture or other ill-treatment as defined by the Convention, international humanitarian law, international criminal law or customary international law. Of particular concern are States' attempts to undermine the absolute legal prohibition of torture and other ill-treatment by evading or limiting responsibility for extraterritorial acts or effects by their agents that contravene their fundamental legal obligations; to narrowly interpret treaty jurisdictional provisions; and to dilute well-established obligations to ensure and fulfil positive human rights obligations whenever they exercise control or authority over an area, place, individual(s) or transaction.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Global migration governance 2013, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- Some of the regional consultative processes are driven by external actors, with funding coming from States of the global North, often channelled through IOM. IOM participates in most of the major regional consultative processes as a partner or observer and provides secretariat services for many of the major processes. The International Centre for Migration Policy Development also provides secretariat services for some of the processes. United Nations entities, including UNODC, UNHCR and ILO, are observers in some of the processes.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 96k
- Paragraph text
- [Indicators for such a target should include:] Adoption and implementation of regional free movement agreements and/or labour mobility schemes;
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The issue of trafficking in persons for the removal of organs 2013, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- The restricted scope of the present report is a reflection of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur. It also reflects an appreciation of human exploitation for the purposes of organ transplantation, primarily from living sources, as a discrete problem that requires specific solutions. It is important, however, to acknowledge that this issue cannot be fully separated from broader questions around transplantation, including those relating to equitable allocation of organs and approaches to dealing with organ shortages. The exploitation of human beings for purposes of organ transplantation is also linked to other commodification practices, such as transnational commercial surrogacy, which hold special dangers for the rights and dignity of the world's poorest and most vulnerable, and to broader questions of justice and rights that arise in the context of medical tourism.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- During the first decade of the mandate, the mandate holders have consistently sought to identify those factors that contribute to increasing the vulnerability to trafficking of an individual or a group. The work of the mandate has revealed consistency across all regions and all manifestations of trafficking with regard to the factors that include human rights violations associated with (a) poverty and inequality, (b) migration and (c) discrimination, including through gender-based violence. Critically, there is almost never a single root cause; as the Special Rapporteur has noted, "it is the combination of multiple factors that may place certain individuals at a higher risk of being trafficked" (A/65/288, para. 26). The Special Rapporteur has maintained throughout that States have a legal obligation to work to prevent trafficking by addressing vulnerability. That obligation is part of international treaty law and has been regularly affirmed by the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly, as well as by the human rights treaty bodies.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Corporate codes of conduct and the voluntary standards set by multi-stakeholder initiatives and industry coalitions typically include a reference to trafficking in persons or forced labour. The trafficking in persons, or forced labour, standard is normally based on international human rights instruments and labour standards. However, the reference is often limited to a mere prohibition of the use of forced labour or trafficking in persons and is not further developed into specific indicators to help identify risk practices and define what forced labour or trafficking in persons may look like in practice.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- In the course of her work the Special Rapporteur has also actively solicited input from the private sector and from persons and institutions with particular expertise. In relation to specialist subjects, such as trafficking in persons for the removal of organs, the Special Rapporteur has sought external expertise from the medical and transplant communities, in an effort to ensure the accuracy of her reporting and the practical relevance of her recommendations, as well as to improve understanding among relevant stakeholders.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The issue of trafficking in persons for the removal of organs 2013, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- While substantial gaps in knowledge and understanding remain, it is now well established that there are no technical or practical obstacles to trafficking in persons for the removal of organs, that this practice does in fact occur and that it is not rare. The main points of disagreement relate to the extent of the problem, the economics of the trafficking and identification of the many parties that may be implicated.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- In 2012, an executive order aimed at strengthening protections against trafficking in persons in federal contracts was signed in the United States. The new amendments to the Federal Acquisition Regulation include further due diligence measures in respect of contractors and address key risk indicators, such as the use of unethical recruitment practices, in particular by prohibiting contractors from charging recruitment fees to workers and from denying employees access to their personal documents.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Article 12: Freedom of movement 1999, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- States parties should provide the Committee in their reports with the relevant domestic legal rules and administrative and judicial practices relating to the rights protected by this article, taking into account the issues discussed in this General Comment. They must also include information on remedies available if these rights are restricted.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Human Rights Committee
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- With a few languages dominating the online environment, language barriers can also be a further impediment to access online content. However, the Special Rapporteur notes the increasing number of sophisticated online translation services.
- Legal status
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph